30-40 years old: women with endocrine disorders, such as irregular menstruation, sagging breasts, vulva dryness, decreased libido and menopausal symptoms.
40-55 years old: women with menopausal symptoms such as insomnia, dreaminess, irritability, decreased energy and physical strength, memory loss and osteoporosis.
Over 55 years old: Middle-aged and elderly women with greatly decreased renal function and basically atrophied ovaries.
Period division
Menopausal transition period: 2-5 years or longer before menopause: after the last menstruation 1 year (about 40 -70 years old): after menopause 15-20 years. Perimenopausal period pointed out by the World Health Organization (WHO) includes menopausal transition period and menopause.
Female menopause refers to the period from a few months before menstruation stops completely to several years after menopause. The average woman starts from the age of 45 to 55. A survey of 929 retired workers in China shows that their average menopause age is 48.85 years.
Menopause refers to a transitional period from sexual maturity to old age in a woman's life, and it is a necessary life stage for a woman to transition from reproductive period to old age.
Precautions for female menopause 1. Pay attention to premenopausal menstrual disorder and postmenopausal vaginal bleeding. It is necessary to go to the hospital in time to check out organic diseases.
2. Maintaining psychological balance The psychology of menopausal women is relatively fragile, but every woman has to go through this special period. We must face this reality objectively and pay attention to adjusting interpersonal relationships.
3, prevention of external genital infection The urogenital tract in menopause is in a state of atrophy, and its anti-infection ability is weak. Therefore, more attention should be paid to keeping the external genitalia clean to prevent urinary tract infection and vaginitis. If the reproductive system is unwell, you should seek medical advice in time.
4, pay attention to contraception menopause 12 months or more, this is the standard to define menopause. In this case, contraception can be avoided. If there is no definite menopause, there may be occasional ovarian ovulation and pregnancy, which will not only increase the risk of miscarriage, but also cause other diseases, such as hydatidiform mole.
5. Do more exercise to shrink levator ani. The estrogen of menopausal women is reduced, and the supporting tissues in the body are relatively loose, which is prone to uterine prolapse and urinary incontinence. Doing levator ani muscle's exercises has a certain effect on this situation. You can do levator ani exercise three times a day, each time 15 minutes.
6, eat some Chinese medicine Many menopausal women will have symptoms of kidney yin deficiency, such as soreness of the waist and knees, dry mouth, constipation and so on. You can eat some white Dihuang pills; If it is kidney-yang deficiency, people will be afraid of cold, lazy and loose stools. You can take some Gui You pills. Usually soak some medlar as tea, put some astragalus and ginseng in the soup, and eat more yam.
Diagnosis of menopause 1. history
Ask carefully about symptoms, hormones and drugs used for treatment; Menstrual history and menopausal age; History of marriage and childbearing; Past medical history, whether to remove uterus or ovary, whether to have a history of cardiovascular disease, tumor and family history.
2. Physical examination
Including general examination and gynecological examination. Those who have not done gynecological examination for 3 months must be re-examined.
3. Laboratory inspection