In our daily activities, we often come into contact with a lot of moldy food. Some foods are artificially fermented and moldy, such as lactic acid, bean acid, bean paste, fermented wine and so on. Will not hinder people's health after eating; There are also moldy foods that have been stored for too long or improperly, such as peanuts, rice, edible oil sauce and wheat.

Moldy food is caused by mold. There are many kinds of molds and their metabolites, and there are about 200 kinds of mycotoxins known at present. The most common molds that infect food are Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus nidulans, Aspergillus insulatus and Fusarium moniliforme. The infection, reproduction and toxin production of these molds are closely related to the moisture in food and the external temperature and humidity. Generally speaking, the temperature of 25~30℃ and the relative humidity of 80%~90% are suitable conditions for mold propagation and toxin production. Different molds can infect different foods. Aspergillus flavus mainly infects peanuts and corn, Aspergillus versicolor and Aspergillus nidulans mainly infects rice. Fusarium moniliforme mainly infects cereals. When the food is infected by mold, the food is mildewed due to the reproduction of mold and the secretion of metabolites.

People eat peanuts, rice, edible oil sauce, flour, corn and so on. Being infected by mold often causes damage to important organs in the body and can induce cancer. In order to prevent mycotoxin from invading human body and endangering health, moldy food should be properly treated in the following ways before eating. (1) If peanuts, beans, etc. Those with mildew and long hair should be picked out in time to avoid the further spread of moldy seeds. A large number of peanuts and beans are moldy, which can be soaked in 1% sodium bicarbonate solution to remove more than 98% toxins. (2) When the soy sauce is moldy, it should be boiled first, and then the white film foam is filtered out with multi-layer gauze. (3) The mildew of rice mainly occurred in the rice bran layer. If rice bran can be removed from rice grains as much as possible, the harm of toxins to human body can be greatly reduced. According to the experiment, 67% mycotoxin can be removed by forcibly scrubbing rice twice. When rice is cooked into porridge or rice, about 1/5 aflatoxin can be removed. If you add a small amount of alkali when cooking porridge and cooking, the detoxification effect will be better. (4) If the rice cakes and moon cakes are moldy, because the mold mainly infects the surface, it is generally only necessary to cut off or wash the moldy part to eat. (5) The mildew of corn mainly occurred in the embryo (corn navel). As long as corn kernels are stirred in water, more than 80% of the toxins can be removed. (6) If the edible oil is contaminated by mold, put the oil in a pot and heat it. When the oil in the pot smokes, add the salt needed for cooking. At this time, the oil temperature in the pot can be raised from 120℃ to 180℃, and the vegetables to be fried can be poured in half a minute. This can remove 95% mycotoxins. However, if it is found that mold is widespread and mold and its toxins have invaded deeply, it will be difficult to remove mold and its toxins, and such food will no longer be suitable for eating.