Hooker's introduction
Hooker, Chinese medicine name. It is a plant of the family of Rubiaceae, Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq.ex Havil, Uncaria macrophylla Wall., Hairy Hooker Uncaria hirsuta Havil., Chinese Hooker Uncaria sinensis (Oliv.) Havil. or Havil., Uncaria sinensis (Oliv.) Havil. or Uncaria sessilifructus Roxb. It has the effects of restraining wind and calming alarm, clearing heat and pacifying the liver. It is often used in the treatment of liver wind, convulsions of epilepsy, convulsions of high fever, colds and flu, children crying, eclampsia in pregnancy, headache and dizziness.
Traditional Chinese medicine
Dried hooked stems and branches.
Taste and odor
Sweet in taste, cool in nature.
Attributes to the liver and pericardium meridians.
Effects
Relieves wind and calms fright, clears heat and calms the liver.
Indications
It is used in treating internal movement of liver wind, convulsions of epilepsy, convulsions of high fever, colds with convulsions, crying of children, eclampsia in pregnancy, headache and dizziness.
Related Compound
For treating high blood pressure, dizziness, dizziness, neurological headache: Crochet 6-15 g. Decocted with water. (Handbook of Commonly Used Chinese Herbs)
Dosage
3-12g, after the next.
Gathering and processing
Harvested in the fall and winter, remove the leaves, cut into pieces and dry in the sun.
Physiological properties
1, hook vine: vine; shoots more slender, cylindrical or slightly 4-angled, glabrous. Leaves papery, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 5-12 cm long, 3-7 cm wide, both surfaces glabrous, brown or reddish-brown when dry, sometimes with white powder underneath, apical mucronate or cuspidate, base cuneate to truncate, sometimes slightly decurrent; lateral veins 4-8 pairs, vein axils foveolate with mucilaginous hairs; petiole 5-15 mm long, glabrous; stipules narrowly triangular, y 2-lobed up to 2/3 of the full length, glabrous outside, inside glabrous outside glabrous, inside glabrous, or base with mucilaginous hairs, lobes linear to triangular-lanceolate. Heads not counting corolla 5-8 mm in diam. in leaf axils, solitary, with one pedicel, bracts minute, or arranged in a single cymose umbel, involucral pedicels axillary, 5 cm long; bracteoles linear or linear-spatulate; flowers subsessile; calyx tube sparsely hairy, calyx lobes subtriangular, 0.5 mm long, sparsely pubescent, apically acute; corolla tube glabrous outside or sparsely hairy, corolla lobes ovate-orbicular, glabrous outside or slightly powdery-pubescent or slightly powdery pubescent, margin sometimes ciliate; style extending beyond corolla throat, stigma club-shaped. Infructescence 10-12 mm in diam.; capsule 5-6 mm long, pubescent, persistent calyx lobes subtriangular, 1 mm long, stellate radiant. Flowers, fruiting May-December.
2, large-leaved hookah: large vine, shoots square or slightly angular, sparsely hirsute. Leaves opposite, subleathery, ovate or broadly elliptic, apical mucronate or acuminate, base rounded, subcordate or cordate, 10-16 cm long, 6-12 cm wide, with yellow-brown hairs on the veins only above, and sparsely to densely yellow-brown hirsute below, more densely hairy on the veins; leaf veins slightly impressed above, raised below, lateral veins 6-9 pairs, fossae in the axil of the veins; petiole 3-10 mm long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent. Stipules ovate, y bifid up to 1/2 or 2/3 of full length, lobes narrowly ovate, outside pubescent, inside glabrous or sparsely pubescent, inside basal surface with mucilaginous hairs; heads solitary in leaf axils, the common pedicel with one section, bracts at the nodes up to 6 mm long, or in simple cymose arrangement, the common pedicel axillary, 3-7 cm long; heads not counting the corolla 15-20 mm in diam. bracteoles; pedicels 2-5 mm long; calyx tube funnelform, 2-3 mm long, pale yellow-brown silky pubescent, calyx lobes linear-oblong, 3-4 mm long, pubescent; corolla tube 9-10 mm long, outside glaucous-pubescent, corolla lobes oblong, 2 mm long, outside pubescent; styles ca. 6 mm long, protruding out of corolla tube, stigmas oblong. Infructescence 8-10 cm in diam.; capsulelets ca. 20 mm, glaucous pubescent, persistent calyx lobes linear, stellate-radiate, fruiting stalks 12-18 mm; seeds 6-8 mm (with wings), with white membranous wings at both ends, wings 2-parted at one end only. Flowering in summer.
3. Hairy Hooker: Lianas, shoots slender, terete or slightly 4-angled, hirsute. Leaves leathery, ovate or elliptic, 8-12 centimeters long, 5-7 centimeters wide, apically acuminate, base obtuse, slightly rough and sparsely hirsute above, sparsely or densely strigose below. Lateral veins 7-10 pairs, strigose below, vein axils sunken with viscid axillary hairs; petiole 3-10 mm long, hairy; stipules broadly ovate, y bifid by at least 2/3, outside sparsely hirsute, inside glabrous, with viscid hairs at the base, lobes ovate, sometimes with a long acuminate tip. Heads not counting corolla 20-25 mm in diam. in leaf axils, solitary, with a single pedicel, bracts 10 mm long, or arranged in a single cymose umbel, the common pedicel axillary, 2.5-5 cm long; bracteoles linear to spatulate; flowers subsessile, the calyx tube 2 mm long, outside densely pubescent, the calyx lobes linear-oblong, densely hairy; corolla yellowish or reddish, the corolla tube 7-10 mm long, outside with short Corolla yellowish or reddish, corolla tube 7-10 mm long, outside with short pilose hairs, corolla lobes oblong, outside densely hairy; styles protruding from outside of corolla throat; stigma oblong-clavate. Infructescence 45-50 mm in diam.; capsule fusiform, 10-13 mm long, pubescent. Flowers, fruiting January-December.
4, Chinese hookah: vine, shoots more slender, square or 4-angled, glabrous. Leaves thin papery, elliptic, 9-14 cm long, 5-8 cm wide, apical acuminate, base rounded or obtuse, both surfaces glabrous; lateral veins 6-8 pairs, vein axils fovea with mucilaginous hairs; petiole 6-10 mm long, glabrous; stipules broadly triangular to semiorbicular, sometimes apically emarginate, outside glabrous, inside the base of glandular hairs. Heads solitary in leaf axils, the common peduncle with one node, bracts minute at nodes, or arranged in simple cymose umbels, the common peduncle axillary, 3-6 cm long; heads not counting the corolla 10-15 mm in diameter, the inflorescence rachis densely pubescent; the bracteoles linear or nearly spatulate; the flowers subsessile, the calyx tube 2 mm long, with glaucous white hairs on the outside, the calyx lobes linear-oblong, c.1.5 mm, pubescent; the corolla tube 7-8 mm long, glabrous or with glandular hairs at inner basal part. 7-8 mm, glabrous or sparsely puberulent, outside of corolla lobes pubescent; styles projecting beyond corolla throat, stigmas club-shaped. Infructescence 20-30 mm in diam; capsule 8-10 mm long, pubescent. Flowers, fruiting June-October.
5, sessile fruit hookah: large vine; shoots are more slender, slightly 4-angled or cylindrical, slightly pubescent. Leaves nearly leathery, ovate, elliptic or elliptic-oblong, 8-12 cm long, 4-6.5 cm wide, apical mucronate or acuminate, base rounded to cuneate, both surfaces glabrous, often waxed underneath, often pinkish-white when dry; lateral veins 4-7 pairs, glabrous or sparsely pubescent on veins underneath, with fossae in axils of veins in which there are mucilaginous hairs; petiole 5-10 mm long, glabrous; stipules narrowly triangular, y 2-lobed up to more than 2/3 full length, outside glabrous or sparsely pubescent, inside base with mucilaginous hairs, lobes narrowly triangular. Heads not counting corolla 5-10 mm in diam., solitary in leaf axils, with a single pedicel, or arranged in a single cymose umbel, the common pedicel axillary, up to 15 cm long; bracteoles linear or sometimes subspatulate; flowers sessile; calyx tube 1-2 mm long, outside densely pale white hairy, calyx lobes oblong, apex obtuse, 1 mm long, usually sparsely or densely pubescent; corolla yellowish white, salverform, corolla tube 6-10 mm long, outside glabrous, sparsely or sparsely pubescent, the inner face with mucilaginous hairs. 6-10 mm, outside glabrous or sparsely pilose, corolla lobes oblong, 2 mm long, outside with conspicuous pale or golden yellow sericeous hairs; styles projecting from outside of corolla throat, stigmas long stick-shaped. Infructescence 25-35 mm in diameter; capsule fusiform, 10-14 mm long, minutely pubescent, persistent calyx lobes ligulate, ca. 1 mm long, slightly stellate spreading. Flowering and fruiting from March to December.
Growth environment
Hooker is mainly produced in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi area; big-leaved hooker is mainly produced in Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, etc.; hairy hooker is mainly produced in Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Fujian and Taiwan; sessile fruit hooker is mainly produced in Guangxi and Yunnan; Chinese hooker is mainly produced in Sichuan, Hubei, Yunnan, Guizhou and other places.
Traits of the herb
The stem and branches of this product are cylindrical or cylindrical, 2-3cm long, O.2-O.5cm in diameter; the surface is reddish-brown to purplish-red with fine longitudinal stripes, smooth and glabrous; yellowish-green to grayish-brown, some of which can be seen in the white punctate lenticels, yellowish-brown pubescence. Most branch nodes opposite two downward curved hooks (sterile peduncle), or only one side with hooks, the other side for the raised scars; hooks slightly flat or slightly rounded, apex apiculate, base broader; hooks base of the branches can be seen on the petiole after the shedding of the fossa-like traces and ring-like stipular scars. The texture is tough, the section is yellowish brown, the cortex is fibrous, the pith is yellowish white or hollow. The gas is slight and the flavor is faint.
Efficacy of Crotalaria
Crotalaria is a commonly used Chinese medicine. It was first published in the "Famous Doctors' Record" and is classified as an inferior product. The spines of this product are curved like fishing hooks, so it is named, and the original plant sources are more. Commodities are mainly hook and Chinese hook and vine two categories.
Alias: Hook vine, hook, fishing hook vine.
Source: The dried hooked stems and branches of the woody vine plants of the family Rubiaceae and the Chinese hook vine. All wild.
Origin: 1. Hook vine. Mainly produced in Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan, Fujian, Anhui, Guangdong and other places.
2, Chinese hooker. Mainly produced in Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou, Hubei and other places.
Trait identification: 1, hook vine. For the hook with stem, the stem is cylindrical, about 2~3 centimeters long, about 3 millimeters in diameter. Surface reddish brown to purple-brown, the stem has a ring of stem nodes, slightly raised, nodes on the opposite two downward curved hooks, shaped like a boat anchor; there are also only a single hook, the opposite side of the raised scars, hooks of varying sizes, the base of a slightly wider flattened round, 2-3 mm in diameter, the apex of the narrowly pointed inwardly curved. The whole body is smooth and hard. The body is light and tough, not easy to break, the cross-section of the medulla is yellowish-white, fluffy like sponge, the outer ring is hard, brownish-red. Gas without, taste light.
With double hooks, thin stems, hooks fat firm, the ends of the stems and hooks cut flat (double flat head) smooth, color purple-brown is best.
2, Chinese hook vine. Characteristics and hooked basically similar, the difference, the stem is square cylindrical, angular, slightly thick. Surface gray-brown or gray-green, the base of the hook is slightly broad, it is customary to think that the quality of hooked vine is better than the Chinese hooked vine.
Main components: Containing hookah alkaloid and iso-hookah alkaloid, both belong to indole alkaloid.
Functions and effects: calm the liver and antispasmodic, the principle is:
1, lowering blood pressure. The effect is more obvious, especially the mixed hooks (including single hooks, double hooks and the upper and lower two ends of the connected branches) lowering the effect of blood pressure is stronger, the maintenance time is also longer, and the old branches of the lowering effect of blood pressure is very short-lived. Generally, the degree of decompression of stems and branches and mixed hooks compared with the difference is not significant, but the maintenance time of decompression of stems and branches is shorter than the hooks.
2, sedation. There is a significant sedative effect, and can stop experimental epilepsy seizures in guinea pigs. Crocus sativus antispasmodic effect is related.
In addition, in recent years, also found that hookah on the respiratory tract infections caused by viruses such as adenovirus, Asian influenza A virus and Sendai virus has a better inhibitory effect.
Concoction: raw.
Taste: sweet, slightly cold.
Meridian: Entering the liver and pericardium meridians.
Functions: Clearing heat, calming alarm, calming the liver and quenching wind.
Indications: convulsions of epilepsy, dizziness.
Clinical application: 1. Used for heat convulsions. Whether pediatric or component of high fever convulsions, are commonly used hook vine. Pediatric acute convulsions are especially used, in pediatric hyperthermia and convulsive tendencies, with hookah has a preventive effect, to a lesser extent, convulsions also have an antispasmodic effect. But for the more severe convulsions, hooker's antispasmodic effect is weaker. And single-use effectiveness is not very significant, must be matched with antelope horn or rhinoceros horn, Tianma, scorpion, in order to strengthen the heat, antispasmodic effect, such as antelope horn hook vine soup.
2, for the liver wind dizziness, dizziness caused by hypertension, take its sedative effect of lowering blood pressure. It is also helpful in improving the numbness of the limbs. Often with mulberry leaf, chrysanthemum, stone vitex, white peony and so on. If the liver yang hyperactivity is more significant, with red face and eyes, irritability, yellow moss, pulse string, it is more with gypsum to clear the heat, Fu Shen sedative, the formula into the hook vine loose.
In addition, in recent years, there have been reports of trial hooker with ephedra, schizandra decoction for phlegm asthma chronic bronchitis, there is a certain effect, may be mainly through the sedative effect of ephedra to strengthen the asthma effect.
Note: 1, the former experience that hooker long boiled powerless, it is desirable to after the next, one or two boil up. Modern experiments have confirmed that hooker boiled for more than 20 minutes, its antihypertensive effect is reduced, therefore, after the next is based on scientific evidence;
2, in the past there is a belief that the effectiveness of the double hook than a single hook, but in fact, there is no big difference between the two. As long as the hook more branches less effective. The treatment of pediatric panic disorder is sometimes used alone hook.
3, the stem and branches of antihypertensive effect and hook difference is not significant, but the duration is shorter; old branches of antihypertensive effect is weak, the duration is short.
Dosage: 6~15g, large doses can be used up to 24~30g.