1, school-enterprise co-construction, forming an integrated development pattern

The integration of production and education in these two schools is very good, showing the same characteristics: vocational schools and enterprises are integrated in design and construction, and schools are built in parks or parks, industries in parks are highly integrated with specialties in schools, teaching and production are integrated, teaching venues are organically transformed, and teachers' teaching and master's teaching complement each other.

In this way, in terms of time arrangement, transportation arrangement and living arrangement, it provides a unique material condition for the in-depth implementation of the integration of production and education. Only by deeply integrating vocational colleges with industrial development can the function of vocational schools to train professional and technical talents be truly realized.

2. Extend the educational system and expand the integration space of production and education.

For three years in secondary vocational school, it is necessary to cultivate professional technical skills and enter higher vocational schools. Time is tight, and students are not at ease to participate in skill practice. The most effective way is to extend the academic system and change the three-year secondary vocational school into a five-year higher vocational school.

On May 19, 2023, the implementation opinions of the Ministry of Education and the Shandong Provincial People's Government on promoting the upgrading of vocational education and enabling the construction of green, low-carbon and high-quality development pioneer areas clearly put forward that a group of high-level secondary vocational schools should be selected to jointly organize five-year higher vocational education after junior high school with higher vocational colleges. Cultivate high-quality technical and technical talents for county economic development and rural revitalization. Only by extending the academic system, students will no longer rush for further studies, and the integration of production and education will truly land in time and space.

3, the government led, the establishment of production and education consortium.

Vocational colleges serve the development of local industries. If schools or enterprises fight alone, the integration of production and education will always be two skins. Between schools and enterprises, the leading role of the government must be brought into play. Establish a government (park)-led * * * business * * * sharing mechanism with the active participation of schools and enterprises, and strengthen the contact between schools and enterprises.

Build a skills master studio and an industry professor studio in the school, and open a professional skills lecture hall; Establish professional teacher workstations and student practice training bases in enterprises. Make full use of order classes, apprenticeships and other joint modes of running schools, focus on the integration of production and education, and truly cultivate professional and technical talents needed by enterprises.

Integration of production and education in vocational education in China

At present, the integration of production and education in China's vocational education has the following four main characteristics:

(1) cross-industry. The integration of production and education is the product of the organic integration of enterprise production and vocational education. It is not only an industrial educational activity, but also an educational industrial activity, and it is the organic unity of education and industry. The talent training mode and school-running idea of school-enterprise cooperation and work-study combination in vocational education have obvious cross-industry characteristics. Because there are many related factors and involved levels, the process of integration of production and education needs the vigorous promotion of the government and the extensive participation of all sectors of society.

(2) Double subjectivity. The integration of production and education is the mutual connection and interaction between industrial development and vocational colleges. Enterprises are the main body of technology research and development, product production and application of achievements, and vocational colleges are the main body of talent training and education, both of which are indispensable. * * * participated in the training process of skilled and high-quality workers.

(3) knowledge. Economic and social development and industrial structure adjustment must rely on knowledge updating iteration and continuous innovation of technology. The essence of integration of production and education is to maximize the value-added and flow of knowledge between enterprises and vocational colleges. Industrial development seeks technical support through deep integration with vocational education, and vocational education can also rely on industrial demand to improve its own talent cultivation quality. Only by integrating the two can the rational flow of technology, knowledge and talents be effectively realized.

(4) reciprocity. The adjustment and optimization of industrial structure will inevitably lead to the change of employment structure, and the optimization of employment structure can drive and promote the adjustment of professional structure in vocational colleges, and there is an inseparable internal relationship between them. At the same time, the integration of production and education aims at maximizing social benefits and improving educational ability, and it also has obvious public welfare characteristics, which requires both enterprises and vocational colleges to bear the social responsibility of moral education.