Growing conditions: Olive oil has no special requirements for the soil in which it grows, as long as the pH value is between 6.5 and 8.0, and the soil is loose and airy, both in silty and calcareous soils. However, studies have shown that the best olive oil comes from the fruits of olive trees that are rich in calcium and have fertile soils. Some varieties of olive trees are more resistant to cold, e.g. short periods of low temperatures of -8 to -10°C do not harm the tree, but they do not last. Once frozen, it thaws very slowly and cannot enter the growth period quickly enough to form frost damage. Continuing for at least tens of hours at near-zero temperatures is conducive to its flower bud differentiation, thus laying the foundation for a good harvest.

Olea europaea is best suited to sloping land. Because of good drainage and aeration on slopes, sunshine and heat conditions are also better, but the slope should not exceed 25 degrees; in the soil layer of deep fertile, leeward and sunny suitable areas, can also be planted on slopes of 25~35 degrees, but the maximum slope can not exceed 35 degrees, because the slope is too steep will give olive late management difficulties. Olea europaea is a strong light-loving species, and should not be planted on steep slopes and ravines. Steep slopes and ravines are generally characterized by fewer hours of sunshine per year, which is detrimental to the growth and development of olive trees and to the flowering and fruiting of olive trees. If you need to plant, must also choose the sunny south slope, southeast slope and southwest slope is good.

Seedling:

1, artificial cultivation: generally with a stem height of 50-80cm seedling planting, according to the 3-5 main branches of the open-ended skeleton pruning, the formation of a round head or multi-conical crown. Into a large number of flowering and fruiting period and crown neighboring period, that is, the production of pruning and control of the crown retraction pruning. Most olive groves are pruned 1-2 times a year, and a few olive groves are pruned every 2 years.

2, grafting time: good conditions, can be carried out throughout the year. To spring and the early rainy season is good. Spring when the sap begins to flow. Grafting in the early rainy season, to prevent rainwater from seeping into the grafting mouth to affect the survival rate.

3, post-grafting management: the grafting survival rate is closely related to management. Before grafting on the rootstock to loosen the soil and weed, apply enough water and fertilizer. After grafting to keep the soil moist. Irrigation should prevent water intrusion into the interface. The sprouting buds on the rootstock below the grafting mouth should be cut off at any time with care, and the main branch on the rootstock above the grafting mouth, and the top buds of the lateral branches should be removed. When the scion sprouting to break the anvil in time, the anvil can be divided into two.

Expanded information:

Oil olive disease and prevention and control: boron deficiency disease, is a lot of cultivation areas in Sichuan, one of the common physiological diseases, known as the clumping branch clumping disease, in the absence of boron fertilizer or organic fertilizer. Boron fertilizer or insufficient application of organic fertilizer in olive groves is more obvious. Water-wet disease, mostly found in the central and southern regions of the Sichuan basin, is a serious disease characterized by massive defoliation, fruit drop, root suffocation and rotting. High humidity, rain and poor soil permeability in the garden is the root cause of the occurrence of moisture damage.

Bacterial diseases that occur in olive groves established earlier. First, the tumor disease, the source of disease from the Mediterranean region, with olive seedlings imported, appeared in Chongqing Forestry Experimental Ground olive orchard, Sichuan Forestry Academy of Sciences Luxian Yucheng Experimental Station olive and other places. Fungal diseases, a variety of species, wide range of hazards. Peacock spot disease is one of the more widely spread diseases. Olea europaea anthracnose is a common fruit disease in Sichuan olive orchards, but also jeopardize the plant's leaves and shoots, all over the world has been able to effectively prevent and control. Olive root nematode disease, by cyst nematode, root knot nematode invasive parasitic harm.

The different cultivars of olive have their own economic, natural and cultivated traits. Everywhere in the construction of olive groves, generally according to the purpose of business, local natural conditions and the cultivation of technical conditions that can be provided, to choose the more suitable varieties, including the main planting varieties, with varieties and pollination varieties. There are not many varieties or materials selected for production and cultivation, and the main varieties are usually Foio, Carlin, Leisin and Miza; the supporting varieties or materials are Aisan, Bella, Cree 172, some individual asexual lines of Su 11 and Su 12 and Su 14, etc.; and the pollinating trees are usually Pugin, live olives or wild olive trees.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Olea europaea