In ancient China, Liugu refers to six kinds of food crops: rice, millet, millet, sorghum, wheat and water chestnut. The corresponding names in ancient and modern times are: rice (rice, rice), millet (millet [shǔ], millet), millet (sorghum), beam (yellow rice), wheat (wheat), water chestnut (sound gū, high bamboo shoot).

1. Rice: There are rice and upland rice, of which rice is the most. After shelling, it is rice. Rice is mostly white, but also red and black. Ancient and modern names are the same.

Second, Xiaomi: Xiaomi [shǔ] is still called Xiaomi in rural areas. After the seed is shelled, it is called millet or small yellow rice, which is the millet with small particles on the market. The color is yellowish and sticky, and it is often used to steam meat or cook porridge.

Third, millet: sound [j], millet is the staple food in ancient times. Both rice and wine can be used. Therefore, Xiaomi is listed as "the length of a hundred valleys" and regarded as "the god of valleys" by emperors. Now it's called sorghum. After hulling, it is sorghum rice.

4. Liang: In ancient times, it refers to the fine variety of millet, and its output is slightly higher than that of millet. That is, the current millet particles are large and non-sticky and suitable for cooking, so it is commonly known as "rice millet". The color is yellow, bigger than millet. After the seed is shelled, it is commonly known as yellow rice or rhubarb rice. Strictly speaking, Liang is a kind of millet. So many people call the ancient "six valleys" "five grains".

5. Wheat: There are many kinds of wheat, such as barley, wheat and oil wheat. Now it refers to wheat. Is the main source of pasta. The seed coat of wheat is called bran and is often used as feed. The rest of the seeds are ground into powder, which is called flour. Flour is made into strips, that is, noodles, or "noodles" for short. Wheat has become people's common food. Same name in ancient and modern times.

Six, water chestnut: the sound of gū, also written as glutinous rice, is now called water chestnut or high bamboo shoots. In ancient times, it was a common food and vegetable. Plants are like reeds when they bloom and bear seeds. Its seeds were used as food in ancient times. They were called glutinous rice. Because the seeds are black and slender (about 2cm), they are also called black rice now. Carving is especially fond of eating, so it was also called carving rice in ancient times. Its bamboo shoots can be used as vegetables. Because of its whiteness, it is called water bamboo. Because it looks like a bamboo shoot, it is called a tall bamboo shoot. At present, it is still cultivated in some rural areas, but it is only used as a vegetable and its seeds are not edible.

In Saint Amethyst, it is reasonable for the author to call rice, millet, millet, sorghum, wheat and glutinous rice "six grains". Because Xiaomi and Liang belong to the same category, there is not much difference, so the six grains mentioned above are actually five grains. The added grain is "glutinous rice".

Reed: the sound sh is a general term for beans. The ancients used beans as their main vegetables, so some people called them "valleys". Now beans are classified as vegetables and are no longer called "grains".

In some places, corn is also called one of the six kinds of cereals, which is called "Bao Gu". However, corn is native to South America. In ancient China, corn had not been introduced. Therefore, even though corn is widely planted in China now, there is no corn in the ancient "five grains" and "six valleys".

(The picture is from the Internet, thanks to the original author! )