2 Source: Hunan Pharmacology
3 Pinyin name Yánɡ Yù
4. The aliases of potato are yam, yam egg (textual research of plant name), yam potato (vegetable cultivation in China), potato (Cihai) 1963 edition) and yam potato (Hunan pharmacology).
The source is the tuber of Solanaceae potato.
6 The primitive form of panicum miliaceum. Underground tubers are oval, 4 ~ 8 cm long and 3 ~ 6 cm in transverse diameter, with yellow-white skin and white inside, with bud eyes, and densely planted on short stolons. The aboveground stems are weak, 50 ~ 90 cm high, multi-branched, hairless or pilose. Pinnate compound leaves, alternate, with 3-4 pairs of leaflets, ovoid or elliptic-ovate, 2-7 cm long and 1.5-4 cm wide, alternating in size, obtuse at the apex, obliquely heart-shaped at the base, entire, with downward protruding veins and sparse hairs on both sides. The total length of petiole is 3-5 cm. In summer, peanuts are at the top of branches, cymes are conical, and the total pedicel length is 6 ~14 cm; Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, lobes linear-lanceolate; Corolla radial, white or lavender, apex 5-lobed, lobes slightly triangular; Stamens 5, filaments short, anthers oblong; Pistil 1, ovary superior, 2-loculed, style slightly longer than stamens, few seeds. Berries are spherical.
Habitat distribution is cultivated in most parts of China.
8 Chemical composition Tubers contain 75.0% water, 0.8% starch 18.5% sugar, 0.0% fiber 1.0% nitrogen, 0.2% fat and 0.9% ash. It also contains solanine, ranging from 20 mg to hundreds of mg per kg. Solanine is more in buds and mainly exists in epidermis in tubers. Red skin contains more solanine than yellow skin, and immature skin contains more solanine than mature skin. When the skin turns green, the content of solanine increases.
9 pharmacological effects The blue tuber meat of germinated potatoes contains a small amount of solanine, which is harmless to human body. However, in some cases (storage does not increase the content), the content of solanine can be increased by 4-6 times compared with normal, even exceeding 0.4 g/kg, and 0.2 g of free solanine can produce typical soap alkali toxicity. Although the symptoms are serious, they are not fatal. It is reported that children died of severe gastroenteritis after taking green potatoes. Experiments in rats show that injection of solanine can increase blood sugar, and α or β adrenergic receptor blockers can inhibit this effect.
10 Tianping.
① Textual research on plant names and facts: "It tastes sweet and light."
② Hunan Pharmacology: "Sweet, flat and non-toxic."
1 1 has the function of invigorating qi, strengthening spleen and diminishing inflammation. Treat parotitis and burns.
Hunan medical records record: "Tonifying middle energizer, invigorating spleen and regulating stomach, diminishing inflammation."
12 potato external application dosage: grind and apply to the affected area. Oral administration: boiled or fried.
13 attachment ① treatment of mumps: one potato. Grind the juice with vinegar and apply it to the affected area. Dry and apply without interruption. (Hunan Pharmacology)
② Treatment of scald: potatoes, grinding juice and smearing the wound. (Hunan Pharmacology)
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