First, the origin of New Year's Day
China's New Year's Day is said to have started in Zhuan Xu, one of the three emperors and five emperors, with a history of more than 3,000 years. The word "New Year's Day" first appeared in the Book of Jin: "Zhuan Di took the first month of Meng Xia as the yuan, but it was actually the Spring of New Year's Day". During the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Xiao Ziyun, a literary historian in the Southern Dynasties, also recorded "Four Seasons New Year's Day, Long Life and Early Spring Dynasty" in his poem Jieya. In the Song Dynasty, Wu Zimu's "Dream of Liang Lu" entered the first month: "The first month of the new moon is called New Year's Day, and it is commonly called New Year's Day. One-year-old festival, this is the first. " ; In the Han Dynasty, Cui Yuan called it "Yuan Zheng" in the inscription of three sons. In the Jin Dynasty, Yu explained that Yang Du Fu was called "Yuan Chen"; In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was called "Yuan Chun" in an article "Yuan Hui Da Xiang Ge Huang Xia Ci". Tang Dezong Li Shi called it "Yuan Shuo" in the poem "Retire from the DPRK to watch the army fight and return to camp on the Yuan Day"
In the excavation of cultural relics in Dawenkou, China found a picture of the sun rising from the top of the mountain with clouds in the middle. After textual research, this is the oldest writing method of the word "Dan" in China. Later, simplified pictographs of "Dan" appeared on bronze inscriptions of the Shang Dynasty. The word "Dan" is represented by a round sun. The word "one" below "Sun" indicates the horizon, which means that the sun rises from the horizon in Ran Ran.
China New Year's Day always refers to the first day of the first month of the summer calendar (lunar calendar and lunar calendar). Yuan means "early" and "beginning", but refers to "day". New Year's Day is collectively called "initial day", that is, the first day of the year. There are different names in Chinese dialects, some are called "New Year's Day", some are called "Big Day", some are called "New Year's Day", and they are generally called "the first day of the first month".
On New Year's Day, it is called "Yuanri" in Shu Shun Dian, and "Yuanzheng" in Cui Yuan's "The Inscription of Sanzi Chai" in Han Dynasty. In the Jin Dynasty, Yu explained that Yang Du Fu was called "Yuan Chen"; In the Northern Qi Dynasty, it was called "Yuan Chun" in an article "Yuan Hui Da Xiang Ge Huang Xia Ci". Tang Dezong Li Shi called it "Yuan Shuo" in the poem "Retire from the DPRK to watch the army fight and return to camp on the Yuan Day". The month and day of New Year's Day in China are not consistent. The Xia Dynasty was on the first day of the first month, the Shang Dynasty was on the first day of December, and the Zhou Dynasty was on the first day of November. After Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, he took the first day of October as New Year's Day, and since then, the successive dynasties have not changed (Historical Records). In the first year of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty, Sima Qian founded the "taichu calendar", which took the first day of the first month as New Year's Day again, just like the provisions of the Xia Dynasty, so it was also called "Xia Li", which was used until the Revolution of 1911. After the founding of the Republic of China, Sun Yat-sen followed the agricultural season for the sake of "doing well in summer"; From the Gregorian calendar, so statistics ",set the first day of the first month (New Year's Day) as the Spring Festival, and the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar) 1 month 1 day as the New Year.
Second, the customs of New Year's Day in various countries
China
It is more common to organize activities by groups, such as New Year's Day parties, hanging slogans to celebrate New Year's Day, or holding collective activities. In the past, there were organizations beating gongs and drums and dancing folk dances collectively. Now it can be seen on TV documentaries. Today, with the development of science and technology, it has evolved into a gala or something. In recent years, there have been tours, parties and so on.
Britain
On the day before New Year's Day, every household must have wine in the bottle and meat in the cupboard. The British believe that if there is no leftover wine and meat, they will be poor in the coming year. In addition, the custom of "digging a well" is also popular in Britain in the New Year. People strive to be the first to fetch water, thinking that the first person to fetch water is a happy person and the water from it is auspicious. In the middle of the night on New Year's Eve, English people often take cakes and wine out to visit. They go straight into their relatives and friends' homes without knocking at the door. According to the British custom, after New Year's Eve, the person who takes the first foot into the house indicates the luck of the new year. If the first guest is a man with dark hair, or a happy, happy and rich person, the host will be lucky all year round. If the first guest is a woman with light yellow hair, or a sad, poor and unfortunate person, the host will be unlucky in the new year and will have difficulties and disasters on New Year's Eve. People who visit relatives and friends' homes on New Year's Eve should stir the fire in the fireplace before talking, wishing the host "open the door". In some parts of central England, when they go out on New Year's morning, no matter whether they are familiar or unfamiliar, they will give each other copper coins. They think that this will not only make each other rich for a year, but also bring them luck. New year's eve
Scotland
On New Year's Eve, Scots leave some money in front of every household, and no one guards it. On this night, thieves and beggars don't move when they see it. Because of local customs, on New Year's Eve, money is put outside the door first, and when the door is opened early in the morning, it means "get rich at first sight".
Belgium
In Belgium, on the morning of New Year's Day, the first thing in the countryside is to pay New Year greetings to livestock. People go to cattle, horses, sheep, dogs, cats and other animals and tell these creatures with great seriousness: "Happy New Year!" "
Germany
During New Year's Day in Germany, every household should put a fir tree and a horizontal tree, and the leaves are covered with silk flower, which means that flowers are blooming and spring is everywhere. On the eve of New Year's Eve, just before the arrival of the New Year at midnight, they climbed into the chair. As soon as the bell rang, they jumped out of the chair and threw a heavy object behind the back of the chair to show that they would throw away the disaster and jump into the New Year. There is also a custom of celebrating the New Year in the rural areas of Germany-"Tree Climbing Competition" to show the promotion step by step.
Italy
New Year's Eve in Italy is a carnival night. When the night begins to fall, thousands of people flock to the streets, lighting firecrackers and fireworks, and even firing live ammunition. Men and women danced until midnight. Every household collects old things, smashes some breakable things in the house, and throws all the old pots, bottles and cans out of the door, which means getting rid of bad luck and troubles. This is the traditional way for them to say goodbye to the old year and welcome the new year.
France
Celebrating the New Year with wine, people began to binge on New Year's Eve and didn't stop until 1 3. The French believe that the weather on New Year's Day heralds the new year. On the morning of New Year's Day, they went to the streets to see the wind direction for divination: the south wind blows, which indicates that the weather will be good and the year will be safe and hot; There is a good harvest year for fishing and milking when the west wind blows; If the east wind blows, the fruit will yield high; When the north wind blows, it is a poor harvest year.
Romania
On New Year's Eve, people put up a tall Christmas tree and set up a stage in the square. The citizens were singing and dancing while burning fireworks. Rural people pull wooden plows decorated with colorful flowers to celebrate the New Year.
Switzerland
Swiss people have the habit of keeping fit on New Year's Day. Some of them go climbing in groups, standing on the top of the mountain facing the ice and snow and singing loudly about a better life. Some ski along the long snowy road in the mountains, as if looking for the road to happiness; Some hold stilt walking competitions, in which men, women and children go into battle together and wish each other good health. Welcome the new year with fitness.
Greece
On New Year's Day, every family will make a big cake and put a silver coin in it. The host cut the cake into several pieces and distributed them to family members or visiting relatives and friends. Whoever eats the cake with silver coins becomes the luckiest person in the New Year, and everyone congratulates him.
Japan
On the morning of New Year's Day, a Japanese family goes out to meet the rising sun, and then goes to the shrine to pay homage or say hello to relatives and friends. They call New Year's Day "the right day". On this day, their breakfast is very rich, including sugar, buckwheat noodles and Tu Su wine. After that, I ate vegetarian food for three days in a row to show my piety and pray for good luck in the coming year.
Korea
North Korea has the custom of stick grilles and Taofu in the New Year to pray for God's blessing, drive away ghosts and give happiness. At the dawn of New Year's Day, people put some money into the pre-tied scarecrow and throw it at the crossroads to show off evil and welcome good luck and good luck. At dusk, people burn the hair that the whole family lost in a year, wishing their families peace in the four seasons. During the New Year, Koreans must cook glutinous rice with pine nuts, chestnut powder, jujube paste and honey, which is similar to China's eight-treasure rice, in order to indicate that the family is prosperous and as sweet as honey.
Iran
Iran implements the Islamic calendar, and its seasons and months are not fixed. In Iran, celebrating the New Year means celebrating the arrival of spring, often in the late March of the Gregorian calendar, and celebrating the New Year requires a grand week. People poured into the streets to start a "bonfire"-"night fire", and then the whole family jumped from the night fire in turn, indicating that they would burn "bad luck", usher in light, exorcise evil spirits and eliminate diseases, and be happy forever. On New Year's Eve, you should eat "seven dishes", and the name of each dish should start with the letter "S" to show good luck. On the last day of the new year, the whole family went out for an outing to avoid evil.
India
New Year's Day in India is called "Crying New Year's Day" and "Fasting New Year's Day". In some places, instead of celebrating the Chinese New Year, they embrace each other and cry. They think that at the beginning of New Year's Day, years are fleeting-life is short, and crying is used to express their sighs. In some areas, people welcome the new year by fasting for one day and one night, from New Year's Day to midnight.
Third, what to eat on New Year's Day
Chinese dumpling
After eating, go out to pay a New Year call, from near to far, from noon until after burning the lamp. "On this basis, Tang Prison Pill is similar to jiaozi, and it is boiled and steamed. The word slot appeared in food in Song Dynasty. In Yuan Dynasty, jiaozi was called "flat food", which probably came from Mongolian. Jiaozi in Ming Dynasty, as Zhengzitong said, called dumpling bait, fenjiao, water jiaozi and steamed noodles dumplings. In addition, there are water snacks and other names. In the Qing Dynasty, the Beijing flag bearer also called jiaozi "boiled cake". Eating jiaozi on New Year's Day flourished in the north of Ming and Qing Dynasties. For example, wanping county, a suburb of Beijing, said in Shen Bang's Miscellaneous Notes of Wan Department during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, "Make a flat meal on New Year's Day, and serve a long life." When Jiajing was in the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Quwo County Records recorded: "Two-day flat food is guaranteed, and husbands are invited to compete for happiness." The word flat food was handed down among the people in the Yuan Dynasty.
New Year cake; rice cake
The rice cake is also called sticky cake, which means high every year. It is made of glutinous rice in the south and sticky millet in the north. Rice cakes have a long history, and rice cakes in the Han Dynasty have been named as rice cakes, cakes, baits and cakes. The recipe "Shiji" in the 6th century has the recipe of "white cocoon sugar" for rice cakes, and Qi Min Yao Shu in the Northern Dynasty recorded the method of grinding rice into powder to make cakes. Eating rice cakes on New Year's Day was popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially in the south. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, Volume II of "A Brief Introduction to the Scenery of the Imperial Capital" recorded that on New Year's Day of the first month, "I was excited to wash, eat jujube cakes, and eat rice cakes every day". In Jiajing, Hebei Province in the north, Wei County Records said that local people ate "steamed mutton cakes".
In the south, Suzhou, Jiading and other local chronicles in Jiangsu and Zhejiang are called "festival cakes", and the local eating of spring cakes is recorded in "Qiongtai Records" in Guangdong, Ming Zhengde: "Before New Year's Day, spring cakes were steamed in glutinous rice flour (jí) sucrose or gray juice cages, with a circumference of five or six inches and a thickness of five or six inches. All kinds of fruits were sacrificed in the year, and they were cut into annual tea for mutual feedback." Its shape is similar to today's birthday cake. Volume 12 of Qing Gulu's Qing Jia Lu is recorded in more detail, saying that millet powder and sugar are called "rice cakes", which are different from yellow and white. The square cake is one foot square, and there are also "cake ingots" like ingots, which are used for giving answers to friends and relatives on New Year's Eve. In addition, there are slender "strip cakes" and wide "strip cakes". On holidays, rich people hire people to make cakes, which ordinary people can buy at cake shops. New Year's Day custom, what to eat on New Year's Day? After the introduction of the above small series, what doubts do you have about what to eat on New Year's Day? You may wish to continue to pay attention to this site, and Xiaobian wishes everyone a happy New Year's Day in advance.
Fourth, greetings on New Year's Day
1. Happy New Year to you! Career goes smoothly, work goes smoothly, and love is sweet! The body has inexhaustible strength, and the financial resources are rolling in! Good health, delicious food, good teeth and good appetite, everything is happy and smooth!
2. The old bell rings on New Year's Day, firecrackers explode to add to the new year, and the stars change in turn. It's a happy year, and the weather is good to see the five continents, and China is full of new faces. I want to whisper to you on New Year's Day, bathe in the moonlight and enjoy the beautiful night!
3. Great wealth, small wealth, unexpected wealth, and rolling financial resources; Affection, friendship, love, affection and good luck; Good fortune, wealth, peach blossom and good luck. On the occasion of New Year's Day, send my most sincere wishes: Happy New Year's Day!
I can't wait, I decided to wish you and your family a happy new year on behalf of the whole country! Good health! I arranged for them to send all the text messages you received in the next few days. I am very low-key, as long as you know, don't tell anyone!
5. SMS to report, blessing you around; Have a good New Year, and it's wonderful after the holiday. After rest and adjustment, the body is light and sad; It's still cold in early spring, so you can't exercise less; Busy after the holiday, remember health insurance!
6. Happy New Year! Career goes smoothly, work goes smoothly, and love is sweet! The body has inexhaustible strength, and the financial resources are rolling in! Good health, delicious food, good teeth and good appetite, everything is happy and smooth!
7. Before you mention it, catch up early and say Happy New Year first; Hit good luck, meet good things, and say good luck and good luck. I wish you a new atmosphere in the new year, the hope of spring, the photos of lucky stars and a happy and wonderful life!
8. La Jin Chun Wen, Xin Mao Nianlian, Candle and Chinese New Year; This evening's banquet, we will raise and hand in the lanterns, and the music will be mixed, and the feelings will be stronger, and the child's heart will withstand the cold winter; Wish from afar, sincerity and respect for the monarch, harmony at home, Kang 'an, Fu Lin. I wish you a happy new year!
9. New Year's Day gift: one catty of peanuts and two jins of dates. May you run with good luck; Three pounds of oranges and four pounds of bananas, financial resources roll into your pocket; Five catties of grapes and six catties of oranges, may you get what you want; Eight catties of mango and ten catties of melon, may you blossom every day.
10. New Year's Day is coming, and I'll give you three chocolates: the first dove-I hope you get all the happiness in the world; The second piece of Di Chin-I wish you an imperial life in golden times; The third piece of Cadbury-I wish you every success in the New Year!
1 1. 20xx is busy, and 20xx follows closely; Welcome 20xx New Year's Day, with a new look and atmosphere; Open the door, push open the window, and the house will be filled with good fortune. 20xx Happy New Year's Day, happy and auspicious!
12. The thin calendar is about to turn over, and the New Year bell is about to ring. Let go of the most beautiful mood, expect with the most surprises, and share the greatest happiness. May my deepest wishes accompany you through the New Year. Happy new year!
13. The ice is on the water and the cloud is on the wind. Friends should keep it in mind. Yuanyang is on the lake and butterfly is on the flower. May you be happy above me. Read it on your face, sincerely in your heart, and sincerely wish to write it on a short message: Happy New Year's Day!
14. Colorful fireworks to release happiness; Flaming lanterns sway happiness; Intoxicating wine, blending sweetness; The lucky bell transmits good luck; At the moment of auspicious celebration, the smile blooms; Sincere feelings, send blessings: I wish you a happy New Year's Day and all the best!
15. Don't say goodbye in a hurry, drink a glass of sake and read it in your heart; I can't sleep at night, and it's snowy. Where is the gentleman? I can't forget the feelings of my classmates, a short message, and a wish; New year's day is coming to show concern, may you be healthy, my wish. Happy New Year's Day.
16. 20xx New Year's Day gives you five "Dan" and one tea "egg", and nothing will be bad in the New Year; A spiced "Dan" tastes good every day in the New Year; A pine blossom "Dan", enjoy a relaxed New Year moment; A purse "Dan", the new year's purse is bulging; There is also a sweet and sour "Dan", and the New Year is sweet in my heart. Wish my friends a happy New Year's Day and all your wishes come true!
17. There is no need to swear, as long as you are silent; No candlelight dinner, just a light meal; No villa, just a cabin; No roses, just one shoulder. Love is plain and happy, simple and happy. Happy New Year's Day!
18. Love, affection, friendship, good luck, good luck, good fortune, good fortune and good luck. People who love you, people you love, people who miss you, people you miss, and everyone is happy! Happy new year!
19. May good luck, like a mine, be trampled on by you from time to time; Bad luck, like a meteor shower, will never catch you; Wealth, like garbage, can be found everywhere; Happiness is with you all your life, staring at you like a fly. Happy new year!
20. In a blink of an eye, it has come to the end of cold winter. In such a cold day, I miss you more deeply and deeply. I wish you peace and happiness!
Five, New Year's Day handwritten newspaper materials: New Year's Day poems
Green Jade Cup: Lantern Festival
Song Xin Qiji
Thousands of trees are blooming in the easterly night, and the stars are raining down.
BMW carved cars are fragrant all over the road.
The phoenix flute is moving, the jade pot is turning, and the fish and dragon dance all night.
Moth, snow, willow, golden thread, laughter and fragrance go away.
Looking for him in the crowd, l suddenly looked back,
The man was there, in the dim light.
Fengcheng new year's speech
Qing Cha Shenxing
Cleverly cut and try Silla, painting colorful gold as a moth;
Since then, scissors have been idle for a month, and there are more needles and thread in the boudoir before the age of 20.
Ding Mao Yuan Ri
Qing Qian Qianyi
A bottle of wine at the age of one worships the court, and a young child leads the clothes to comfort the screen.
I like eating meat when I serve my mother, and I like dreaming about fish more when I am in the year.
Hook curtain wants to connect the new nest swallow, polyester inkstone also sparse old books.
I went to the neighboring chicken and millet bureau, and I didn't have anything to do with it.
New Year's Day handwritten newspaper materials: New Year's Day couplets
Part One: Add a few happy endings in the old year: by going up one flight of stairs horizontal approval in the new year: bid farewell to the old and welcome the new.
The first part: the green bamboo is different from the third part. The second part: Hongmei is reporting to Wanjiachun, and the spring is back to the earth.
Part I: People's Security and Guotai's Prosperity, Part II: Good weather and good weather, praise for the Chinese New Year, cross-approval: People's Security and Thailand's Security.
The first part: peace and good luck inside and outside; the second part: happy family, financial resources, horizontal approval: good luck.
The first part: every year is prosperous, the source is wide, and the second part: the year is safe and happy, and the number of horizontal batches is high.
The first part: the sunrise river is better than the fire, and the second part: the spring river is as green as blue, and the flowers are fragrant.
The first part: every day, the financial resources come smoothly to the second part: every year, Fulu will be approved with the spring: the new year will be good.
The first part: Everything goes well, and the second part is auspicious: Every family is happy and always healthy; the four seasons are prosperous.
The first part: every family is rich when they are old, and the second part: everyone is happy when they are young: everyone is happy.
The first part: Heaven and Earth and Shun Family add money, and the second part: Peace, contentment and happiness; Peace in all seasons.
The first part: the days increase, the people increase their lives, and the second part: the spring is full, the Kun is full, and the building is full.
Part I: All the best, show great plans, Part II: All the wishes come true, prosper great achievements, and cross-approve: five blessings
The first part: all corners of the country are spring; the second part: Wanshui Qian Shan is brilliant; the second part is Vientiane update.
The first part: Happy to live in the treasure land for thousands of years, and the second part: Fu Zhaojia's family is full of everything: Welcome the New Year.
The first part: Smooth sailing, good luck and good luck to the second part: All the best, good luck and good fortune, and a wide range of financial resources
The first part: Smooth sailing and good year after year; the second part: All the best; Better life; cross-approval: Good luck.
Part I: Smooth sailing and good year after year. Part II: All the best. Step by step. Horizontal approval: five blessings.
Part I: Get rid of the old habits; Part II: Five Lectures, Four Beautiful Trees, New Style, Cross Approval: Farewell the Old and Welcome the New Year
New Year's Day handwritten newspaper materials: riddles about New Year's Day
It rained on New Year's Day (type a word)
Answer: one
Two days off on New Year's Day (one word)
Answer: Wu
Two days later is New Year's Day (type a word).
Answer: Wu
New Year's Day is in three days (crossword puzzle).
Answer: son
Classical will arrive at 4: 30 (for a holiday).
Answer: New Year's Day
Clouds cover the distant mountains, and the sky covers the bright moon (playing a festival)
Answer: New Year's Day
Have been consistently left-sided (playing a festival)
Answer: New Year's Day
New year's day is the season of sowing, so study hard in the new year; New Year's Day is the harvest season. After a busy year, I get together with my relatives and enjoy deep affection and friendship. On the occasion of New Year's Day in the Year of the Rat, I sincerely wish my friends a happy New Year!