Selection of Passion Fruit Varieties At present, there are three kinds of passion fruit varieties mainly planted in China: yellow passion fruit, purple passion fruit and hybrid passion fruit, each of which has its own uniqueness.
The peel of yellow passion fruit is bright yellow, and the fruit shape is large and round, which is the highest value among the three kinds of passion fruits. The yellow passion fruit is not only beautiful but also delicious. Theoretically, it has the most market prospect, but it has a fatal disadvantage, that is, it does not have the ability of natural pollination and needs artificial pollination, which will consume a lot of planting costs. Perhaps this is the "fruitless fruit", and the representative variety is Huayang 1.
Purple passion fruit just makes up for the defect that yellow passion fruit can't pollinate naturally. In addition, it has the highest sweetness, yield and vitamin content, but it also has the disadvantage of poor disease resistance. When the purple passion fruit is ripe, the peel is purple or even purple-black, and the fruit shape is egg-shaped, and the representative varieties are purple incense and overseas Chinese incense.
Hybrid passion fruit is a hybrid of yellow passion fruit and purple passion fruit. When mature, the skin is purplish red, and the disease resistance is the best of the three. Full flesh, large single fruit and high yield. It combines the advantages of yellow passion fruit and purple passion fruit, and is a relatively perfect planting variety. The representative variety is Tainong 1. This passion fruit is mainly planted in the planting base of Yashan Town, Bobai County, Guangxi.
Passion fruit needs environment. Generally speaking, passion fruit is suitable for growth at 20-30 degrees. If the annual average temperature is lower than 18 degrees, there will be some problems in outdoor planting. We often encounter small-scale cultivation in the north, and it is basically difficult to bear fruit. Passion fruit needs plenty of sunshine. Because passion fruit needs plenty of sunshine, it is suggested that passion fruit should be planted in a sunny place with fertile soil and good PH value. However, the PH value should not be lower than 5.5, and the root system of passion fruit will be damaged if the acid is too high.
Preparation before planting in the process of passion fruit planting
Generally, the row spacing of 3.5 m *4 m is adopted, and it is appropriate to plant 50 plants per mu, and the density can be appropriately increased in barren land. It is suggested to dig the pit 2-3 months in advance, put 10-20 kg of decomposed farmyard manure in into the pit, add calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, or directly use commercial organic fertilizer or biological bacterial fertilizer and cover the soil.
Choose the right variety
There are many varieties now, so you can choose varieties according to taste, appearance and market demand. It should be noted that some varieties need artificial pollination.
Colonial process
Planting usually begins in March. You can choose to buy fruit seedlings, dig a 20 cm hole in the planting hole, then put the fruit seedlings in, fill them in layers and compact them. Sea elf root dressing can be used as root fixing water, and the general spraying concentration is 500-800 times. It is suggested to cover the tree tray with straw after planting to keep water and moisture and improve the success rate of fruit seedlings.
Tiantuan management
Passion fruit planting needs scaffolding, usually horizontal scaffolding. Some farmers will grow vegetables and the like in passion fruit orchards. It is not recommended to plant cucurbitaceae crops to avoid cross-infection with viruses, and it is not recommended to intercrop other crops after the results. You can cultivate in summer and autumn, and pay attention to clearing the garden in winter. Young passion fruit trees need to be transformed. Generally, axillary buds below 60 cm should be wiped off. Re-pruning of adult passion fruit trees is prohibited, and excessive pruning will lead to a reduction in passion fruit production.
The scaffolding of passion fruit has three main forms, namely, horizontal, fence and herringbone. Horizontal scaffolding is most suitable for planting passion fruit on the flat ground. The scaffold is about 2.5 meters high, and the cement column is about 3 meters long. Each cement column is erected every 4 meters, and the cement column is buried about 25 centimeters underground. Then connect the cement columns with ropes such as steel wire rope, fiber rope and lead wire to form a 30 cm× 30 cm grid frame surface. If it is rainy and cloudy in the local area, it is recommended to plant passion fruit with a fence. The lighting of the fence frame is better than that of the scaffolding.
Fertilizer and water management and pest control of passion fruit
Passion fruit has a shallow root system and a large horizontal root system with a diameter of 5-6 meters. It is suggested to pay attention to the maintenance of root system and the use of organic fertilizer. Generally, half a month to one month after planting, sea elf root application or other rooting fertilizer can be applied once and repeatedly.
Passion fruit needs a lot of nitrogen and potassium elements, so it is suggested to apply high-potassium compound fertilizer or water-soluble fertilizer before or after flowering to improve the quality of flowers. If compound fertilizer is applied, it is generally appropriate to apply half a catty to a tree, and strong fruit fertilizer can be applied again during the strong fruit period, which can be dominated by high potassium fertilizer. It is recommended to apply organic fertilizer+compound fertilizer+medium and trace element fertilizer for winter fertilizer.
control of insect
Pests and diseases of passion fruit are mainly aphids, thrips and fruit flies. Stem rot and virus disease are common diseases. It is suggested that imidacloprid and chlorpyrifos can be used to control aphids, thrips and fruit flies can use full-catching fruit flies to trap balls, and viral diseases are mainly used to kill aphids and other vectors. The control agents of stem rot include potassium permanganate, hymexazol, cough bacteria and refined nail paste.