(3) Hang the enema tube on the rack, the liquid level is 40~60cm away from the anus, lubricate the anal canal, exhaust and clamp the anal canal.
(4) Gently insert the anal canal into the rectum (7~ 10cm for adults and 4~7cm for children), loosen the clamp and slowly pour the solution.
(5) Observe the infusion of liquid. If the infusion is blocked, move the anal canal slightly; When you feel comfortable, lower the enema tube properly and ask the patient to take a deep breath.
(6) When the liquid will run out, clamp the rubber tube, wrap the anal canal with toilet paper, pull it out, put it in the bending plate, and wipe the anus. Ask the patient to lie flat, keep it for 5~ 10 minutes and then defecate.
(7) Clean up the materials and make records. For example, 1/E means defecation once after enema.
matters need attention
(1) Master the temperature, concentration, flow rate, pressure and liquid volume of enema. If enema is performed for typhoid patients, the solution should not exceed 500ml and the pressure should be low (the liquid level should not exceed 30cm)； from the anus); The cooling enema should be kept for 30 minutes before discharge, and the temperature should be measured 30 minutes after defecation and recorded. (2) Pay attention to the patient's reaction during the enema. If there is pallor, cold sweat, severe abdominal pain, pulse speed, palpitation, shortness of breath, etc., stop the enema immediately and notify the doctor for treatment. (3) Contraindications: acute abdomen, gastrointestinal bleeding, pregnancy, serious cardiovascular diseases, etc. are not suitable for enema. (4) When operating, the patient's limbs should be exposed as little as possible to protect the patient's self-esteem and prevent catching cold. (5) Patients with hepatic encephalopathy are forbidden to use soapy water enema; Patients with congestive heart failure or sodium and water retention are prohibited from normal saline enema.
Material preparation
(1) Prepare a set of enema tube, anal canal, vascular clamp, lubricant and cotton swab in the treatment tray.
(2) Prepare toilet paper, rubber or plastic sheets, treatment towels, curved plates, toilet bowls, toilet bowls towels, infusion stands, water temperature meters and screens outside the treatment tray.
(3) Enema solution: 0. 1%~0.2% soap solution and normal saline are commonly used. The dosage is 500ml~ 1000ml for adults and 200~500ml for children. The temperature of the solution is 39~4 1 c, 28~32 c for cooling and 4 c for heatstroke [1].
2. The patient is prepared to understand the purpose, process and matters needing attention of enema, and cooperate with the operation.
3. The environment is ready to close the doors and windows, screen shade.