Phellinus igniarius is a medicinal fungus, perennial, with fruiting body used as medicine, usually with a cap. The fruiting body is yellow, yellowish brown to dark brown. Phellinus igniarius has species diversity, and most of it grows on mulberry, pine, poplar, sumac and other trees. We generally say that Phellinus igniarius refers to Phellinus igniarius growing on mulberry trees, also called Phellinus igniarius; Mainly distributed in China, Jilin, Yunnan, Hubei, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Tibet, Zhejiang, Japan and South Korea.
The medicinal value of Phellinus igniarius has been discovered for more than 1000 years, which was first edited by Zhen Quan in Tang Dynasty. Phellinus linteus has been a valuable Chinese medicine since ancient times, which has the effects of promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding, relieving alcoholism and stopping diarrhea. In ancient times, it was often used for bloody collapse, bloody stranguria, proctoptosis, diarrhea, leukorrhagia, amenorrhea, abdominal distension, alcohol addiction and diarrhea due to spleen deficiency. It is found that Phellinus igniarius has anti-tumor, anti-cancer, anti-fibrosis, anti-oxidation, analgesic, antibacterial and immunomodulatory effects. This paper will introduce the efficacy and function of Phellinus igniarius in detail.
Anticancer and antitumor effects
As early as 1968, international studies showed that Phellinus linteus extract had inhibitory effect on mouse sarcoma S 180. In China, Journal of Guiyang College of Traditional Chinese Medicine 65438-0987 also records that Phellinus linteus hot water extract has inhibitory effect on sarcoma-180. In recent years, it is generally believed that Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide can improve the host immune function by inducing specific immune response, and proteoglycan contained in Phellinus igniarius can also be expressed through Toll-like receptors (TLR)2 and 4, which regulates the expression of dendritic cells (DCs) and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in mouse bone marrow, affects the antigen presenting function of DC, and further enhances nonspecific immune response, thus achieving anti-tumor effect. Compared with traditional chemical drugs, Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide, as a natural product, has less toxic and side effects and strong anti-tumor inhibitory activity.
Liver protection and anti-cirrhosis effects
Phellinus linteus extract has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in the early stage of lung injury and anti-fibrosis effects in the late stage of lung injury. Phellinus igniarius can significantly reduce liver fibrosis. Pathological observation shows that Phellinus igniarius has obvious protective effect on hepatocytes, inhibits the proliferation of fibrous tissue and prevents the formation and development of liver fibrosis.
Hypoglycemic effect
Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide has a good hypoglycemic effect, mainly by affecting glucose metabolism, regulating islet β cells and enhancing insulin sensitivity to lower blood sugar levels, alleviating diabetes, reducing sugar toxicity and delaying the development of diabetes.
antioxidation
The hot water extract shows high antioxidant activity and has certain scavenging ability to DPPH. Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide has strong antioxidant activity in vitro and strong scavenging ability of active hydroxyl radicals, which can be used for the development and utilization of functional foods and drugs.
Regulating immunity
Phellinus igniarius polysaccharide can significantly enhance cell viability and improve the immune ability of the body. It can regulate the immune system at multiple levels.
In addition, Phellinus igniarius also has anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and analgesic effects. Here is just a summary of some detailed functions. More specific functions of Phellinus igniarius can be found on the academic website. As a traditional Chinese medicine, Phellinus igniarius has not been scientifically explained until recent decades, and more pharmacological mechanisms are still under study.
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