Operating steps

(1) Prepare all supplies and bring them to the bedside, explain to the patient, instruct him to urinate, and cover it with a screen. (2) The patient lies on the left side, with the knees bent and the buttocks exposed. The treatment towel and rubber drape are placed under the buttocks, and the bent disk is placed beside the buttocks. (3) Hang the enema tube on the rack, with the liquid level 40~60cm away from the anus, lubricate the anal canal, connect the glass pipe, exhaust, and clamp the anal canal. (4) Gently insert the anal canal into the rectum (7~10cm for adults, 4~7cm for children), loosen the clamp, and allow the solution to be poured in slowly. (5) Observe the filling situation of the liquid. If the filling is blocked, move the anal canal slightly; when you feel the urge to defecate, lower the enema tube appropriately and ask the patient to take a deep breath. (6) When the liquid is about to flow out, clamp the rubber tube, wrap the anal canal with toilet paper, pull it out, put it in a curved plate, and wipe the anus clean. Instruct the patient to lie down and wait for 5 to 10 minutes before defecating. (7) Clean the supplies and keep records. For example, 1/E means one bowel movement after enema.

Notes

(1) Master the temperature, concentration, flow rate, pressure and liquid volume of the enema. If it is an enema for a patient with typhoid fever, the solution should not exceed 500ml and the pressure should be low (liquid level No more than 30cm from the anus); the cooling enema should be kept for 30 minutes before being discharged. The temperature should be measured and recorded 30 minutes after defecation. (2) Pay attention to the patient's reaction during the enema process. If there is pale complexion, cold sweat, severe abdominal pain, pulse rate, palpitation, shortness of breath, etc., stop the enema immediately and notify the doctor for treatment. (3) Contraindications: Enema is not suitable for acute abdomen, gastrointestinal bleeding, pregnancy, severe cardiovascular disease, etc. (4) During the operation, try to expose the patient's limbs as little as possible to protect the patient's self-esteem and avoid catching cold. (5) Soap water enemas are prohibited for patients with hepatic encephalopathy; saline enemas are prohibited for patients with congestive heart failure or sodium and water retention.