1. dialectical food application: Chinese medicine emphasizes syndrome differentiation and treatment, and the application of medicated diet should also be treated according to syndrome differentiation. For example, patients with blood deficiency often choose jujube, peanuts and other blood-enriching foods, while patients with yin deficiency often choose medlar, lily, Ophiopogon japonicus and so on. Only by using materials according to evidence can the health care function of medicated diet be brought into play.
2. It varies with time: Chinese medicine believes that people correspond to the sun and the moon, and the operation of qi and blood in human viscera is closely related to the climate change in nature. "Use cold to stay away from cold, use heat to stay away from heat", that is to say, use cold medicine to avoid cold winter and use warm medicine to avoid hot summer. This view also applies to medicated diet.
3. different people eat: when using medicated diet, people's physical age should be different. Children's physique is delicate, so it is not appropriate to choose raw materials that are hot and cold. The elderly are deficient in liver and kidney, so the medication should not be warm and dry. Pregnant women are afraid of fetal gas and should not use products that promote blood circulation and facilitate defecation. These are all medical diets that should be paid attention to.
4. It varies from place to place: there are certain differences in climatic conditions and living habits in different regions, and the physiological activities and pathological changes of the human body are also different. Some are located in wet places, and their diets are warm, dry and spicy, while others are located in cold places, and their diets are hot and greasy, while the diet in Guangdong in the south is cool and sweet, so is the selection of medicinal foods.
Taboo of compatibility between medicine and food
No matter in ancient times or now, the compatibility taboo of medicinal diet is very strict. According to the experience of physicians in past dynasties, the incompatibility, medication taboo, food taboo and the opposite of food between traditional Chinese medicine and food are introduced as follows:
1, incompatible:
Pork: anti-ebony, platycodon grandiflorum and coptis chinensis; Eating atractylodes makes people feel excited; Eating buckwheat makes people lose hair and suffer from wind disease; The combination of pigeon meat, crucian carp and soybean food makes people stagnate.
Pig blood: avoid rehmannia glutinosa and Polygonum multiflorum; Eating soybeans can make people feel depressed.
Pig heart: Avoid Evodia rutaecarpa.
Pig liver: Like buckwheat and soybean paste, it makes people suffer from chronic diseases; Eating carp intestines is frustrating; Fish and fish eat together, leading to gangrene.
Mutton: resistant to Pinellia ternata and Acorus calamus; Avoid copper, cinnabar and vinegar.
Dog meat: anti-Phytolacca acinosa; Avoid almonds.
Crucian carp: anti-magnolia; Avoid Ophiopogon japonicus, mustard and pork liver.
Carp: Avoid cinnabar and dog meat.
Turtle meat: avoid wine, fruit and amaranth.
Eel: Avoid dog meat and blood.
Sparrow meat: Avoid Atractylodes macrocephala, plums and pork liver.
Duck eggs: avoid plums and mulberries.
Turtle meat: Avoid pork, rabbit, duck, amaranth and eggs.
The incompatibility of the above traditional Chinese medicines with food is taboo. It is the experience of the ancients. It deserves attention. Therefore, attention should be paid to the cooking of medicated diet. As for the scientific truth that these Chinese medicines are incompatible with food, it needs further study in the future.
2, medication taboo:
The incompatibility between medicine and food is the experience of the ancients, which is followed by later generations. Although some of them have not been scientifically proved, it is advisable to use traditional sayings until a reliable conclusion is reached. Mainly includes: pork anti-dark plum, platycodon grandiflorum, coptis root, picrorhiza root, lily and atractylodes rhizome; Pig blood should avoid Rehmannia glutinosa, Polygonum Multiflori Radix and honey; Mutton should avoid Pinellia ternata and Acorus calamus, and avoid copper and cinnabar; Dog meat avoids Phytolacca acinosa and almonds; Carassius auratus avoids magnolia officinalis and Ophiopogon japonicus; Garlic should avoid rehmannia root and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Radish avoids rehmannia glutinosa and Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Avoid poria cocos and vinegar.
There are also some taboos in the compatibility of food and food. Although the reason is not sufficient, it seems appropriate to be cautious in the application of medicated diet and take it as an important reference. These taboos are: pork should avoid buckwheat, bean paste, carp and soybeans; Mutton is jealous of vinegar; Dog meat avoids garlic; Crucian carp avoid mustard and pig liver; Pig blood avoids soybeans; Pig liver should avoid buckwheat, bean paste, carp sausage and fish; Carp avoid dog meat; Turtle meat should avoid amaranth, wine and fruit; Eels avoid dog meat and blood; Sparrow meat avoids pig liver; Duck eggs avoid mulberries and plums; Chicken avoid mustard, glutinous rice and plums; Turtle meat should avoid pork, rabbit, duck, amaranth and eggs.
Contraindications of drug compatibility in medicated diet follow the theory of Chinese Medicine, which generally refers to eighteen opposites and nineteen fears. The specific contents of the "eighteen antis" are: licorice, spurge, seaweed and Daphne genkwa; Radix Aconiti, Fructus Trichosanthis, Rhizoma Pinelliae, Radix Ampelopsis and Rhizoma Bletillae; Veratrum nigrum, Radix Adenophorae, Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Radix Scrophulariae, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, Asari and Radix Paeoniae. The specific contents of "Nineteen Fears" are: sulfur is afraid of nitrate, mercury is afraid of arsenic, wolfsbane is afraid of Lithuania, croton is afraid of morning glory, clove is afraid of turmeric, Sichuan aconite, wild aconite is afraid of rhinoceros horn, tooth nitrate is afraid of triangular prism, official laurel is afraid of halloysitum, and ginseng is afraid of trogopterum dung.
3, the patient taboo:
Taboo is one of the contents of TCM theory and practice. It mainly includes three categories: one is certain diseases, and the other is certain foods. Such as: liver, avoid spicy; Heart disease is not salty; Edema should avoid hard salt, fried, cold and other foods; Bone diseases are sour and sweet; Gallbladder disease should not be greasy; Cold diseases avoid fruits; Fish and shrimp are taboo for sores; Patients with liver yang, liver wind, epilepsy, allergy and convulsion should not eat hair; People with dizziness and insomnia should avoid peppers, peppers and tea. One category refers to certain diseases and certain foods. For example, those with internal heat due to yin deficiency, inflammation due to phlegm-fire and body fluid exhaustion should avoid eating warm, dry and feverish diets such as ginger, pepper and mutton. After exogenous diseases, throat diseases, eye diseases, sores and acne, you should avoid eating mustard, garlic, crabs, eggs and other gas products; Anyone who is damp and hot should not eat caramel, pork, cheese cake, rice wine and other foods that help damp and hot; Anyone with moderate cold spleen deficiency, serious illness and postpartum should not eat watermelon, plum, snail, crab, clam and so on. All kinds of blood loss, hemorrhoids, pregnant women, etc. do not eat Ru Ci, pepper and other blood-activating diets, and do not eat products that break blood and dredge menstruation, are highly toxic, induce vomiting, spicy and greasy during pregnancy. The other is that certain foods should be avoided after taking medicine, such as taking antiperspirants, avoiding vinegar and cold food; Take tonic, avoid eating tea radish; Some taboos have been proved to be reasonable and some are unrealistic, which can be used as a reference in the application of medicinal diet.