Bacon was born in a big noble family in London on 156 1 year 1 month 22nd. His father was Queen Elizabeth's minister in charge of the seal, and his uncle was the Queen's prime minister. Bacon entered Cambridge University to study politics and law in his early years. Since he was a child, he had extraordinary ambitions and wanted to display his skills of governing the country and leveling the world.
1584 served as a member of the British house of commons and an adviser to Essex, but his uncle tried his best to oppose him, so he was not favored in the queen's time. By the time James I arrived, his official career was prosperous, and he held important positions: 16 17 took over from his father, became the royal minister of the seal, and 16 18 served as the royal justice. 162 1 year, because of bribery and fraud, he was dismissed and imprisoned. Since then, he has been depressed, retired from the officialdom and lived in seclusion in his hometown. In his later years, he devoted all his energy to scientific experiments, philosophical research and literary creation. /kloc-in the winter of 0/626, it is said that he died of cold when he was testing the antiseptic and disinfection effect of snow in the open air.
Bacon made great achievements in the cultural and ideological front. On behalf of the interests of the British emerging bourgeoisie, he attacked the feudal culture in an all-round way, clearing the way for the development of experimental science. He had planned to write a set of great works entitled "Great Rejuvenation", with the aim of "rebuilding all science, technology and all human knowledge on a good basis." In the first and second parts of the book, Bacon comprehensively sorted out and classified the academics at that time, systematically criticized the mistakes of predecessors' thinking methods, and further put forward new thinking methods. He developed materialism on the basis of experimental science, thought that perceptual experience was the source of all knowledge, emphasized the power of knowledge and science, and put forward induction as a cognitive method. He expounded these thoughts in his academic works, such as Academic Advancement (1605) and New Tools written in Latin (1620). Bacon also wrote a philosophical novel "New Island on the West" (written in 1624 and published in 1627), which described an ideal country that could rapidly develop its scientific career and became the blueprint for the later establishment of the Royal Society of England.
Bacon's main contribution to literature is the Collection of Essays. This anthology was published in different years such as 1597, 16 12, 1625, etc., and * * * contains 58 prose works with different contents and themes. This famous work is aimed at aristocratic and bourgeois readers, and extensively talks about philosophy, religion, politics, country, life, people, self-cultivation and so on. Topics include Truth, Death and Religion with strong philosophical meanings; There are High Position, Noble, Emperor, Party Struggle and Rebellion, which are directly related to the ups and downs of the official sea. There are also "Friendship", "Parents and Children", "Marriage and Single" and so on. No matter what kind, he analyzed the British society at that time with the wisdom of Ming Che, and described the ideological motivation and real psychology of the people around him extremely deeply. In his works, the author encourages commercial activities and colonial expansion, and affirms the bourgeois moral concept of mercenary and cheating. In "On Reading" and other articles, the author talked about some useful experiences about reading.
Bacon is the founder of English argumentative style. In terms of article style, he resolutely opposes the decadent style of writing that is flashy and exaggerated, and advocates and creates a simple, accurate and practical style that can explain specific things. He is good at using concise and powerful language and poetic metaphor to express rich thoughts. His words are simple and exquisite, just like aphorisms. His articles are well organized and thought-provoking, which have had a great influence on the prose creation of future generations.