Garlic also contains elements of germanium (73.4 mg per100g fresh weight) and selenium (0.3-0.8 mg per100g fresh weight) which can prevent gastric cancer. Garlic contains about 0.2% volatile oil. At present, diallyl sulfide, methylallyl trisulfide, diallyl disulfide and other sulfides have been identified from oil. When fresh garlic bulbs are cut and extruded, alliin in cells reacts with alliinase to hydrolyze and produce a chemically unstable colorless liquid-allicin. Allicin is the main component of garlic odor.
Allicin has a special pungent taste, which can stimulate appetite and has antibacterial and bactericidal effects. Garlic can be eaten raw, mixed and fried, and can also be processed into garlic sauce, garlic powder, garlic yolk powder, garlic vinegar, garlic wine, sweet and sour garlic and salt garlic. Garlic has high yield, storage resistance, transportation resistance and long supply period, which is of great significance to adjust market demand and solve off-season supply. At the same time, it is also an important processing raw material and export-oriented vegetables.
Garlic is widely used in medicine, chemical industry and food industry. The international market has great demand potential for garlic deep-processed products. China is a big exporter of garlic. At present, a series of garlic products have been developed, including quick-frozen garlic rice, pickled garlic rice, dehydrated garlic slices, garlic powder, garlic paste, garlic juice, fried garlic and garlic drinks, which have received good economic benefits. It can also develop a series of processed products such as instant, and improve the health care function and dietotherapy value of garlic. With the development of high technology, some garlic products with higher technology content are being developed, such as refined garlic oil and allicin. Using supercritical extraction equipment, garlic oil and allicin are extracted from fresh garlic by extraction-filtration-extraction or distillation, which are used in medicine, cosmetics, food additives and so on. After extracting garlic oil from garlic, it can also be processed into condiments, health foods, medicines and cosmetics, and can also be made into natural plant pesticides for the production of pollution-free agricultural products.
In order to improve the industrialization level of garlic, the key is to develop high-grade pollution-free and organic garlic products, establish a number of organic garlic planting and processing bases, and rely on scientific and technological progress to improve the overall efficiency of garlic industry. Because of its unique medicinal and health-care functions, garlic has broad prospects for planting.