East Asian scorpion is widely distributed in China, usually raised in rural areas and often used for medicine.

Biological characteristics:

Scorpion belongs to Arthropoda, Arachnoidea, Scorpion, Scorpionidae. After mating and fertilization, males and females give birth in the form of young scorpions in about 1 10 days. Young scorpions grow into adult scorpions after molting for 6 times; The food is mainly soft and juicy insects: it has a positive tendency to temperature and humidity, and a negative tendency to strong light, sound and vibration; The maximum activity temperature of various enzymes in the body is 35-40℃.

According to the negative tropism of scorpions to light, scorpions are cultivated in a dark environment for a long time, and their activities of foraging, mating and reproduction gradually eliminate the influence of circadian rhythm. According to the positive tropism of scorpions to temperature, scorpions grow in a relatively constant temperature environment for a long time. After several generations of adaptation, the growth period of scorpions has evolved from three years to 8- 10 months.

External form:

Scorpion belongs to Arthropoda, Arachnoidea, Scorpion, and Scorpionidae, and its body can be generally divided into three parts, namely, head and chest, front abdomen and back abdomen. The head, chest and front abdomen are together, which is called trunk, and it is flat and oblong; The posterior abdomen is segmented and tail-shaped, also known as tail. The whole body is very pipa-like, and the whole surface of the whole body is highly chitin hard skin. Others directly divide the scorpion into two parts: the trunk and the tail. The specific form can be seen in the picture.

Growth profile:

Generally speaking, scorpions live in the wild, and it takes about 4 years from young scorpion to adult scorpion. However, raising in a south and greenhouse can greatly shorten the growth cycle.

Scorpions can be divided into growth period, filling period, dormancy period and recovery period in the field for one year.

1, growth period: from Qingming to Bailu (about 150- 160 days), which is the best period for the healthy growth and reproductive growth of scorpions throughout the year.

2. Filling period: From the autumnal equinox to first frost (about 40-50 days), scorpions actively store nutrients and make preparations before entering the sting.

3. Dormancy period: From beginning of winter to the rain (about120 ~130 days), the growth and development of scorpions come to a complete standstill, and they are in a state of dormancy and crouching, completely without eating or drinking.

4. Recovery period: From the fright of the lunar calendar to Qingming (about 30-50 days), the dormant scorpions gradually began to wake up.

Raising scorpions in greenhouse (south) can greatly shorten the growth cycle. Under the condition of abundant food and suitable conditions, the young scorpions can grow into adult scorpions after 8 ~10 months. Female scorpions can reproduce twice a year, which basically changes the growth time and reproductive cycle of scorpions.

Life cycle:

The life span of scorpions is about 8 years, while the breeding and farrowing period is about 5 years. According to the growth and development stage, it is divided into 1-7 age scorpions and pregnant scorpions. Among them, the age of 1-7-year-old scorpions is not calculated by year, but by undressing times. The young scorpions can grow to1~ 2 years old in about 4 days in greenhouse. It can grow to 2 ~ 3 instars in about 50 days, and to 3 ~ 4 instars in about 105 days. 160 days can grow to 4 ~ 5 years old; 2 15 days can grow to about 5 ~ 6 years old; It can grow to 6 ~ 7 years old in about 280 days.

Physiological habits:

1, scorpions belong to animals that lie in the daytime and come out at night. They like the tide and fear the wet, and they like the dark and fear the strong light stimulation. Like to live in groups, quiet and motionless, and have the habit of recognizing nests and groups. Most scorpions live together in fixed nests. Generally, in large groups of scorpion nests, there are mostly females and males, big and small, and they live in harmony, and there is little mutual damage. But if it is not the same scorpion, they will often kill each other after meeting.

2. Scorpions have the habit of hibernation. Generally, they come out in the middle and late April, that is, after being shocked, and begin to hibernate slowly in the first ten days of 1 1 month. The annual activity time is about 6 months. During the day, scorpions usually come out from 8 pm to 1 1 after sunset, and then return to their nests at 2-3 am the next day. This kind of activity law is generally in warm, windless and dry nights, but rarely in windy weather.

3. Although scorpions are temperature-changing animals, they are still relatively cold-resistant and heat-resistant. The temperature of the external environment is 40℃ to MINUS 5℃, and scorpions can survive. The growth, development and reproduction of scorpions are closely related to temperature. When the temperature drops below 10℃, scorpions are less active. When the temperature is below 20℃, scorpions are less active. The most suitable temperature for their growth and development is between 25℃ and 39℃. When the temperature is 35 ~ 39℃, scorpions are the most active, and their growth and development are accelerated, and most of them give birth and mate in this temperature range. When the temperature exceeds 4 1℃, the water in the scorpion is evaporated. If the temperature is not lowered in time and the water is not replenished in time, the scorpion is prone to dehydration and death. Scorpions die quickly when the temperature exceeds 43℃. The activity, growth and reproduction of scorpions are closely related to temperature, and the optimum temperature is between 35 and 38℃. Therefore, when we breed scorpions artificially, we must pay attention to it.

4. The growth and reproduction of scorpions are also closely related to the humidity of the external environment. Scorpions that are wild in nature, if there is no rain for a long time, will drill into the wet place about 1 meter deep underground to hide and hide; When it is rainy and there is water on the ground, they will climb to high places to escape. Therefore, when raising scorpions, we should pay great attention to the moisture of feed and the humidity of breeding sites and nests. Generally speaking, the activity place of scorpions should be wet, while their nests should be slightly dry, which is beneficial to the growth, development and reproduction of scorpions. If the nest is too wet, it is easy to be invaded by microorganisms, and it is very difficult for scorpions to molt. If the activity place of scorpions is too dry, and the water in the feed is insufficient, it will also affect the normal growth and development of scorpions, and even induce mutual killing.

5. Scorpions like dark and are afraid of light, especially the stimulation of strong light, but they also need a certain degree of illumination in order to absorb the heat of the sun, improve digestion, speed up growth and development, and facilitate the process of embryo hatching in pregnant scorpions. According to reports and observations, scorpions have a positive trend towards weak light and a negative trend towards strong light, but they like to move in weak green light best.

6. Scorpions have a strong aversion to all kinds of strong smells, such as paint, gasoline, kerosene, asphalt and various chemicals, pesticides, fertilizers, quicklime, etc. It can be seen that their sense of smell is very sensitive, and the stimulation of these substances is very unfavorable to scorpions, even fatal. Scorpions are also very sensitive to all kinds of strong vibrations and sounds, and sometimes even scare them away, stopping eating, mating and breeding, giving birth and so on.