First, the domestic broiler slaughter process
Figure 1 shows the technological process of broiler slaughter and segmentation currently adopted in China. Because the range of edible parts of broilers in China is wider than that in foreign countries, the degree of subdivision and classification of slaughter is also higher than that in foreign countries, which also leads to the finer raw materials used in chicken powder production than in foreign countries.
Second, the main raw materials for the production of chicken powder
1, grease/leather
Grease mainly includes plate oil, anal oil, double-tube oil and broken oil. Leather raw materials include neck skin, leg skin and broken skin. These raw materials are mainly used to extract chicken oil, and the oil residue after extracting chicken oil is used to produce chicken powder. The protein content of chicken powder produced from these raw materials is 68-72%, and the main components are adipose tissue, skin and a small amount of minced meat.
2, skeleton class
The skeleton raw materials are mainly edible parts and ketone bodies left after viscera segmentation, which can be divided into conventional full frame, unconventional full frame and half frame according to the degree of segmentation. On the basis of the conventional whole frame, the very regular frame retains the wishbone, chicken neck or chicken head and other parts. The protein content of chicken powder produced with this kind of raw materials is 56-62%, and the change of protein content is related to the fineness of slaughtered products. Microscopic examination showed that there were obvious bone components besides minced meat, skin and adipose tissue.
3. Content
Chicken intestines are the main internal organs that can be used to make chicken powder, but chicken powder is generally not made as a single raw material, and usually mixed with raw materials such as bones.
Third, the reason why domestic chicken powder may be hairy
As can be seen from the composition of the above raw materials, the raw materials for producing domestic chicken powder almost do not contain chicken feathers, so the common branched feathers in imported chicken powder as shown in Figure 5 can hardly be seen in the products. Occasionally, a small amount of feathers can be seen in domestic chicken powder, and there are two possible sources (Figure 6): chicken head: a small amount of fine hair may remain on the chicken head during slaughter, and if it is caused by the chicken head in the processing raw materials, the composition of the chicken beak can also be seen under microscope; Chicken tail: The root of the tail feather was not cleaned during slaughter, which is very different from ordinary feathers in structure. Microscopically, it is hollow and tubular, which is easy to distinguish.
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