Eat three hundred lychees a day, and you will grow up to be a Lingnan native.
From Su Shi's "Eating Lychees/Eating Lychees" written by Su Shi of the Song Dynasty
It's spring at the foot of Luofu Mountain, and the oranges and bayberries are fresh every time.
Eat three hundred lychees a day, and you will grow up to be a Lingnan native. (Don’t hesitate to write: Might as well) Eat three hundred lychees a day, and appreciate the Lingnan people for a long time
See Mr. Dongpo’s Lingnan state of mind from the "Lychee Poetry"
Su Dongpo met Zhe Zong of the Song Dynasty In the first year of Sheng's reign, he was accused of "ridiculing the previous dynasty" and was demoted to Lingnan. He was "not allowed to sign official documents". As a result, Mr. Dongpo wandered around the scenery, observed the scenery, and developed a deep love for Lingnan. He even loved lychees, which were very common in the Lingnan area, so persistently.
On April 11th, the second year of Shaosheng, Su Shi ate lychees for the first time in Huizhou. He wrote the poem "Eating Lychees for the First Time on April 11th", which was full of praise for lychees: "...In the purple mist and rain, the lychees are the pioneers. The sea-mountain fairy has a crimson skirt, and the white jade skin is white in the red gauze. There is no need to wait for the concubine to smile, the character is like a charming Shu..." From then on, Su Shi also He expressed his love for lychees many times in his poems. For example, "Five New Year Poems": "When will the lychees ripen? The flower heads are now numerous." "Gift to Tanxiu": "It is not worth mentioning that the bamboo shoots and ferns are left behind. I wonder when the litchis will be ready." "Six Poems of "He Tao Guiyuan Tianju" ) Quotation: "My father, who was eighty-five years old, pointed to the lychee and told me: 'This is edible, can you come with wine for a tour?' I happily agreed." "He Tao Guiyuan Tianju" it Five: "I would like to work together with the Lychee Society and grow into a chicken and millet company." "Two Poems on Eating Lychees" No. 2: "If you eat three hundred lychees a day, you will live a long life as a Lingnan native."
Among them, "Eating lychees every day" "Three hundred lychees, I will grow up to be a Lingnan native" is the most popular line. Most interpreters of the poem think that Mr. Dongpo is praising the scenery of Lingnan and expressing his nostalgia for Lingnan. In fact, it was sung by Mr. Dongpo out of bitterness. A sweet hymn.
Yes, judging from some phenomena, Su Shi’s mood when he was in Lingnan was indeed calmer than when he was first demoted to Huangzhou. "The frustration and anguish. "History of the Song Dynasty" originally said that Su Shi "lived in Huizhou for three years, but he was idle and careless, and he liked everyone regardless of wisdom or stupidity." After being demoted to Qiongzhou Biejia, he lived in a place that was "not inhabited by human beings". "In the beginning, I lived in an official house, but there was a minister who said it was not possible. So Shi bought land to build a house, and Dan people transported earth to help. Du Yu and The youngest son enjoys his life by writing books, and often travels with his father, as if he will live forever. " Su Zhe's "Mr. Dongpo and Tao Shiyin" introduces: "Mr. Dongpo was relegated to Dan'er, and he lived in a luxurious house... The thought of eating jade is not in my heart." When Su Dongpo was in Lingnan, in addition to caring about the natural scenery and people's customs, he also had frequent interactions with monks, and there are many works in harmony with monks in his poems. This does reflect a sense of escapism to a certain extent.
We really can’t believe that a benevolent person like Su Dongpo with a strong sense of social responsibility would escape from the world. There is a fact that illustrates this interesting problem.
In his later years, Su Dongpo seemed to like Tao Yuanming very much. He took the trouble to read Tao Yuanming's poems and compiled a special volume with Tao Yuanming's poems. Su Dongpo and Tao Yuanming wrote the most poems when they lived in Lingnan. From the first month of the second year of Shaosheng when he was demoted to Huizhou to the August of the third year of Yuanfu when he moved to Shuzhou to train as deputy envoy, and moved to Yongzhou for resettlement, in just five years and eight months, he wrote more than 100 poems with Tao Shifan forty-four times. . Mr. Dongpo also recounted his intention to be with Tao: "I have been an official all my life to solve the troubles of the world. Therefore, I feel deeply ashamed of Yuan Ming and want to teach him as a teacher in the late festival just in case." (See "Mr. Dongpo and Tao Shiyin" by Su Che) It seems to be telling the world: Su Dongpo has given up his official career from now on, and wants to follow Tao Yuanming's example and return to the countryside to live in Lingnan.
What’s interesting is that Mr. Dongpo’s brother who is like-minded has raised questions about the purpose of Dongpo’s self-reported poems with Tao. He said in the article "Mr. Dongpo and Tao Shiyin": " Alas, Yuanming refused to see the village boy for five buckets of rice in a bundle.
However, Zizhan had been an official for more than thirty years and was troubled by the jailers. He could not give up and fell into great trouble. He wanted to use the last scene of Sangyu to rely on Yuanming. Who would believe him?" Ji Yun, a Qing Dynasty man. He believed that Su Shi "gathered his talents and showed his true colors at all times."
Su Zhe did not believe that his brother would sincerely retire, and Ji Yun's view was the same hundreds of years later. It can be confirmed by the eleventh chapter of "Twenty Poems on Drinking with Tao": "The imperial edict is wide and the debt is accumulated, and the father's appearance is good. I would like to congratulate you again for receiving this treasure of non-covetousness. "The eighteenth chapter said: "Wucheng is prosperous and destroyed, and Leitang is about to be blocked. Next year, we will set up a grand hall and drink wine to mourn the country's subjugation. "His twentieth chapter said: "At that time, Liu Xiang died, and the whole world was devastated. Three cups washed away the Warring States Period, and one fight weakened the Qin Dynasty. "He Tao Yong Sanliang" has: "There is an inherent way to kill one's body, and the important thing is not to lose." If you die for the country, I will die with you. "This shows that Su Shi's calm appearance cannot conceal his worries about the fate of the country and the people's livelihood.
This worry is more vividly expressed in the poem "Lychee Sigh". He first used old stories from the Han and Tang Dynasties to criticize The ugly nature of the ruling class that only cares about its own enjoyment and does not care about the sufferings of the people: “Every mile within ten miles is covered with flying dust, and every five miles away is filled with fire. When we were leaning against each other in the pit and valley, we knew it was lychee and longan. The speeding car crosses the mountain falcon and crosses the sea, and the wind branches reveal their leaves as if they were newly picked. When the beauty in the palace loses her beauty, she will be shocked and bloodied for thousands of years. Thousands of years later, we can especially imagine the old scholar Su crying and praying to God: "I hope God will have mercy on the innocent child and not give birth to beautiful things to cause wounds." When the rains are favorable and the winds are favorable, the crops are harvested, and it is a blessing that the people are not hungry or cold. "If you eat three hundred lychees a day, you will never stop being a Lingnan translator
It is spring all year round under Luofu Mountain, and loquats and yellow plums are fresh every day.
If you eat three hundred lychees a day, Lychees, I am willing to be a Lingnan person forever. I will eat three hundred lychees a day and I will never stop becoming a Lingnan person. Introduction to the author: Su Shi (1037-1101) was a writer, calligrapher, painter, and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhan, nicknamed Dongpo Jushi, was of Han nationality and was born in Sichuan. He was buried in Yingchang (now Jiaxian County, Pingdingshan City, Henan Province). He had a bumpy career, was extremely knowledgeable, and was very talented in poetry, calligraphy, and painting. , together with Ouyang Xiu, known as Ou Su, one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties"; his poems are fresh and bold, good at using exaggeration and metaphor, and his artistic expression has a unique style. Together with Huang Tingjian, he is also known as Su Huang; Huge influence, together with Xin Qiji, he is known as Su Xin; his calligraphy is good at running script and regular script, he can create his own ideas, his brushwork is rich and ups and downs, and he has an innocent taste. He is also known as the four masters of Song Dynasty together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang; he is also known as the painting scholar. , advocated spiritual resemblance in painting and advocated "scholar painting". He wrote "The Complete Works of Su Dongpo" and "Dongpo Yuefu".