A birth

After a woman is pregnant, she is called "happy", so she is not allowed to do heavy work at home, and she buys food and articles needed before and after childbirth. The bride's family should send a "warm nest" (or a cool car) and baby clothes, brown sugar, lard, toilet paper Chinese-style chest covering, diapers, etc., which is called "giving birth". There must be a red sweater in the baby's clothes (no seams), and there should also be a red seal on the edge of the toilet paper to show that I wish to have a boy. The area around Libao was born, and her mother's family wanted to send gray plaques.

B. Delivery

Pregnant women have abdominal distension and pain during the delivery period. At this time, pots and barrels should be prepared for delivery. The fetus will be born, so it sits in the bucket, which is called "going to the bucket". In the past, we used to invite more stable women (commonly known as "midwives") to deliver babies. If a baby boy is born, the stable woman says "Congratulations on raising a fat boy"; If you have a daughter, comfort your family with "Mother and daughter are safe". If the first child gives birth to a girl, say "flowers first, then fruits". Families with successive daughters often drown their babies. When Nanxiang was killed, midwives often threw bowls at the door in order to give birth quickly. Placenta used to be stored in a small pot, put in gravel ash, covered and buried under the bed, which is called "Tibetan clothes", so the place of birth is called "Yipeidi". When the fetus is born, it is called "stepping" when it comes to unexpected guests. It is said that children's habits are similar to those of stepping when they grow up. The stable woman is often passed down from generation to generation, and has practical experience, which is helpful to the smooth delivery of the parturient. However, this old method of delivery lacks scientific disinfection and nursing knowledge, which often leads to excessive bleeding of the parturient or infection with tetanus toxoid, causing diseases such as "postpartum convulsion". Therefore, after the implementation of new delivery, pregnant women often go to the hospital to give birth, and the old customs are abolished.

C. good news

After the baby is born, there is a good news. In Qutang and Hai 'an, male students distribute red eggs and glutinous rice porridge (glutinous rice porridge) to relatives and friends, and female students send dates. The recipients must return gifts (fresh eggs and indica rice) on the spot, and some even include hi money. The boys in Hedong area report good news, and the number of red eggs sent should be single; Giving birth to a daughter without giving good news is called "making a fortune in silence."

D. washing three

The wind of washing children in the three dynasties is very ancient, and it has been recorded in the Tang Dynasty. On the third day after the baby is born, it is called "the third stage of washing" to bathe, dress, open milk, take a baby's name and entertain relatives and friends. Generally, the stable woman washes her children and wears a sweater after washing. The main family and relatives and friends reward the stable woman for "washing money". Before the baby starts to milk, feed the baby with licorice and rhubarb baking juice, which is commonly known as "urging the stomach". When opening milk, you should grind the ink, beg for the breast milk of the opposite sex baby, put red-hot copper coins into the ink and milk for heating, and feed them first. I wish them a good wife, wealth and culture when they grow up. Wash three dynasties banquet, maternal family must be present. Nanxiang is a male, hanging a long strip decorated with red cloth at the door of the house during the third washing.

E. confinement

After giving birth, the lying-in woman should be put on the bed to make the congestion descend smoothly, which is called "confinement" (modern science proves that this is unscientific). As time goes by, the lying-in woman can move freely in the room for a while, basically without leaving the bed, and the food is sent by her family. In order to keep warm and prevent the infection of head wind, the parturient should tie a towel or stick a "head wind plaster" until the full moon. During confinement, the parturient should drink Ai Tang (Chen Ai is the best) and add brown sugar to dispel cold and remove stasis, taking it three times a day at the beginning, and then decreasing gradually. Of course, those who pay attention to it take the traditional Chinese medicine "biochemical soup". It is said that pregnant women should eat less salty food in the next month, and eat more nutritional products such as crisp cakes, sugar-soaked oil buns and white soup trotters, which can make pregnant women have enough milk and prevent coughing in the future.

F .. full moon

When a child is born for one month, it is called "full moon". Shave the fetal hair on the full moon. The shaved fetal hair is wrapped with red and green silk threads into a ball and hung on a cradle or a hook. It is said that it can make the baby brave and ward off evil spirits. On that day, grandma took her daughter, son-in-law and baby home to celebrate. When she went, she put some pot ash on the baby's forehead and called it "kitchen dog" to wish him strong. When you come back, put on powder and call it "pink dog", wishing it white and tender. When the baby comes home with his parents, he will lie in the cradle given by his grandmother's house, with all the pillows and quilts, and bring back a "horse" (Xiao Mu bedpan) for defecation.

G. grasp the week

When a baby turns one year old, it is called "age", and relatives and friends will come to celebrate. Grandparents and uncles should make silver products such as collars, neck locks, bracelets and anklets, baby clothes, shoes and hats, and buy firecrackers, fish, steamed noodles and other items, and other relatives and friends should give gifts as appropriate. On this day, children were held by adults to hold a "grasp the week" ceremony, and articles such as daily necessities, Four Treasures of the Study and toys were displayed on the table in front of God, so as to predict the future.

H. Send your name and recognize your mother

Anyone who is born to a child who is not easy to get, but loves children very much, is often named by his family or recognized as a foster mother or a "foster mother". Send a name to the temple, worship the old monk as a teacher, give the child a monk's name, and give the child a robe, shoes and hats. The family calls the baby "Monk Little". Anyone who sends a name to a child and plans to get married when he grows up needs to go back to the original temple and ask the monks to cast a spell to redeem him. There are also people who put their names on the ancient trees of Buddhist temples, also for the sake of children's longevity. To recognize a dry mother is generally to choose a child who has many children but the zodiac does not conflict with each other, so that children can worship her as a adoptive mother. When recognizing the foster mother, the children's family should prepare something for filial piety, and the foster mother will also give them new shoes and hats in return. When the villagers lead their children to recognize their foster mother, the foster mother will be wrapped in a skirt, which has shown that she will fit in with her own children.

(2) Marriage

A. Visiting relatives

It is the central idea of visiting relatives (asking names) in the old society that men should be married when they are older and women should be married when they are older, and paying attention to "matching families" in marriage. Mostly:

Visit Jidi to find out if the other family has body odor. The two sides visited very strictly, and besides the outdoor, they also visited relatives, which was also a simple concept of prenatal and postnatal care at that time.

Second, visit the "family", distinguish between the soil, agriculture, industry and commerce, and ask for a matching portal, or "climb up the family." Especially avoid marrying those so-called "low-income" families with low social occupation.

Third, when visiting the "generation", we should talk about the class ranking, and we should not confuse the "characters" (most families have ancestral temples, and each generation of people uniformly stipulates a word on their names, such as "moral articles are rich and prosperous", and they are ranked in order by words).

Four visits to "family", the woman should have a detailed understanding of the man's fields, houses, furniture, food, trees, livestock and tenancy relations. It is also necessary to visit the number of brothers and sisters of the man. This is because "small families move to poverty and everyone is poor" is directly related to the actual situation of the family economy. However, the man's requirements for the woman's economic conditions are slightly lower, and he thinks that "buying pigs without buying pens" does not matter.

Five interviews with the "target" is the most important and the most difficult one. Due to the arranged marriage of parents in feudal times, men and women often could not meet, and the matchmaker played tricks on them, which often caused lifelong pain.

There is also a condition when visiting relatives, that is, the two sides should be of the right age, the zodiac should match, and many proverbs should be handed down. Such as: "female freshman, there is no place to fold the grain hoard", "male junior, Jinshan depends on Yinshan"; "A female junior must beg for food" and so on, which are nonsense without any scientific basis.

B. betrothal

After the mutual visit is approved, if both parties intend to get married, the woman will write the year, month, day and time of birth, that is, the eight-character script on the grass paper, outsourcing the red paper, and the matchmaker will send it to the man, which is called "hair Geng post". Geng Tie is also called Caozhi Tie. The man offered it under the furnace of the god cabinet, and observed the bad luck. No utensils or other ominous signs could happen within three days, otherwise it would be returned to the woman. If there is nothing to do for three days, the man will pay the fortune teller the "eight characters" to calculate whether the eight characters made by Gan Kun and Kun match. There are also a few people who "love to be relatives" and don't engage in the practice of asking God for advice. When the marriage is approved, the man asks the matchmaker to send obligations, money and jewelry to the woman's house as a bride price (bride price) on an auspicious day, which becomes a "pledge" or a "lottery". Haian Town must send longan and tea when posting. After the woman in Qutang area was hired, she gave candy to her relatives and neighbors to show that she had been hired. After the engagement, the unmarried son-in-law will send a "door-to-door gift" to the woman's home on holidays. The ceremony of "setting ceremony" was grand and had certain specifications. Generally, pigs, carp, cakes and dumplings are sent for reunion (homophonic "high school reunion"). The man and the woman also invited relatives and friends to announce their engagement.

C. Pre-marital preparation

Before the man marries, he must first agree on the wedding date with the woman, and write the official wedding date on the red post, which is sent to the woman by the matchmaker, commonly known as "calling ceremony". In addition, the man wants to send a "calling ceremony", that is, he has to discuss the conditions of gift money, clothing, jewelry and compensation through the matchmaker, and shirk the fact that his daughter is young and the dowry has not yet been done. If the negotiation is successful, the man will send out a red invitation card (commonly known as "day") to confirm the "auspicious day" for marriage. Three days before the wedding, the man gave the woman an "opening ceremony", including "all the clothes on the head" (rouge, pollen, red rope and golden flower), wedding dress (rented rockhopper, imperial gown, colored dress, embroidered skirt and hijab), parents' mat (this is a sign that the daughter keeps going home) and firecrackers and high-rise for the female family (commonly known as The woman must give her son-in-law six kinds of clothes, shoes and hats, belts (pale tassels) and rich bags (embroidered bags), and deliver them together with his dowry, which is a "good" gift.

Before a woman gets married, her first relatives should invite her to play for a few days to show her goodbye, which is called "hanging marriage", and the gift given is called "flower instrument" or "adding makeup". The day before a woman's marriage, a "wine for a woman" was held at home, and parents taught her the bride's rules. People who abused her should pay homage to heaven and earth and their ancestors.

The day before the wedding, the man went to the woman's house to receive the dowry. Dowry is divided into hard bedding (wood) and soft bedding (new bedding should be sewn by those who are blessed and have a long life). Among them, the woodwork should have three circles (toilet, footbath and soup bucket) (which is not only necessary for women's life, but also means "three yuan and". The toilet is also called "sub-bucket" because people sit on the bucket like riding a horse. The toilet is filled with red chopsticks (homophonic "Kuaizi"), fried rice and toilet paper (sealed with red paper as a clip), and red dates, peanuts, longan and chestnuts are placed on it (homophonic "early birth", which is divided into morning and evening for children to eat). On that day, the man must invite people who have many children and grandchildren to accompany him, warm his sedan chair, spread his room and eat warm wine.

D. kiss (marry)

On the wedding day, the man will send a sedan chair to the woman's house before dawn. The conditions are good, and there are lanterns in the famous hall, accompanied by drummers. The groom will also take the official sedan chair with the matchmaker in front. If the conditions are poor, Hebei will use a boat, and Henan will use a bamboo sedan chair (or unicycle) carried by two people. Rich or poor, the bride will never walk.

When the sedan chair doesn't arrive at the woman's house, the matchmaker first tells the woman to pick up the sedan chair and set off firecrackers. When the door of the woman's house is closed, the man must give the woman a "seal to open the door" (this money is reserved for the brothers in her family). Then open the door for tea, and check whether the gifts meet the requirements (among them, there must be "evergreen", which is planted in the courtyard by both men and women). After tea, the man fired a gun and played music, which was the first time to "urge makeup". After dinner, the parents ordered their daughter to get on the sedan chair again and again.

If it is a "round day", dowry will be given after tea and before meals (Hebei will use a boat, Henan will use a car or rely on manpower to pick and carry it), and the "toilet" will be moved by Xi Niang, and a reward will be given. Otherwise, the groom needs to do it himself.

When you open the door and get off the sedan chair, make-up is introduced. The blessed person combs the bride's hair and dresses up, and the parents order her daughter to get on the sedan chair. When the bride leaves the house, she asks her father and brother for old shoes to show that she doesn't touch her family's land and wealth. When you get on the sedan chair, you should carry the "Three Words True Classics" (instead of the old imperial calendar sealed with red paper) to ward off evil spirits. When getting on the sedan chair, the mother of the bride should burst into tears to show her love for her daughter. There will be firecrackers and fires when crossing the bridge along the road. In some places, it is called "seeing the bride off" by the bride's brother holding a lamp. After the bride's merchant ship in Hebei, her brother brushed the three corners of the ship with a pan-washing broom, leaving one corner untouched, indicating that the female family shared the wealth of the male family; When sailing, the boat circled in the middle of the river three times to show the bride's reluctance to her family. The sedan chair went to the men's house, set off firecrackers and played drums and music together. When the bride enters the door, she steps on firewood (homophonic "wealth") and crosses the flourishing fire basin (indicating prosperous days).

the Spring Festival; Chinese New Year

On the first day of the first lunar month, it was formerly known as New Year's Day, commonly known as New Year's Day. In the old custom, old people stay in bed in the early hours of the morning to listen to the sounds of animals in nature, so as to predict their luck for one year. Families are scrambling to burn incense and fire guns to catch up with heaven and earth, especially those who burn "head incense" early in the morning, mostly to pray for more men at home or prosperity. Hedong people get up late, and every household gets up late in the morning. In the morning, housewives enter the kitchen, fry eggs, warm fruit tea and hot white soup pork with "old fire", and give them to the elderly at home to sit on the shop and eat, while others eat jujube tea, Yuanbao tea and glutinous rice cakes after getting up. After breakfast, in the natural residential area, young and middle-aged families go door-to-door to pay New Year greetings in droves, and the host treats them with cigarettes, tea, peanuts and candy. Town shops send each other new year's red cards and throw them through the crack of the door. At noon, burn incense to worship God (also known as "ascending" to thank God). Don't sweep the floor, splash water, move the scales or scissors before lunch. There is still the custom of eating old rice on the first day of the lunar new year. People in Hebei eat old New Year's Eve rice and leftovers at noon (called "raw rice") and noodles (called longevity noodles) at night; People in Henan and Hedong eat old rice at night and sticky rice at noon. According to the custom, dinner should be advanced, and you should go to bed without lighting, thinking that this can reduce mosquitoes in summer. Since the second day of the second day, families have visited relatives and friends one after another and paid New Year greetings to each other. On the second day of the lunar new year, those who can't avoid etiquette pay New Year greetings to landlords and bosses, sons-in-law bring their wives and children to their parents-in-law, and sons and nephews in Hedong area pay New Year greetings to uncles and uncles. Friends and relatives invite each other for spring wine, which is called "please spring" and usually ends on the fifteenth day of the first month. Rural areas in Hedong area call spring wine "dragon lantern", which lasts until February and a half. On the second day of the second lunar month, farmers went to the land temple (shrine) to offer incense to the land father-in-law and the land empress, praying for a good weather and no insect disaster in the field for a year. So the store worships the Xuantan Bodhisattva (that is, Lord Zhao Gongming, the God of Wealth) every day, and holds drinks to entertain employees.

The fifth day of the first month is "God of Wealth Day", also known as "Five-way Day", and stores are open. Shopkeepers attach great importance to "respecting the god of wealth", and since the fourth night of the fourth day, statues of the god of wealth have been posted at the gate of each store. Shopkeepers bathed and changed clothes, some stayed up all night, and prepared three sacrificial ceremonies (pig head, rooster and flower fish, commonly known as "six eyes"). In the middle of the night, they got up to burn incense and "pick up the god of wealth" with firecrackers.

If a woman buys the first business in the new year, it is called "full (mother) business" and the price is favorable. Poor folk artists dressed in costumes, dressed as the God of Wealth and drummed gongs, and went to the front of the shop number to make money and seek rewards, which was called "jumping the God of Wealth". In the evening, the shopkeeper invited the workers to eat "God of Wealth Wine".

Haian custom takes the first day to the fifth day as the "five-day year", and people all wear new clothes and hats.

New shoes. Because "cotton" and "mildew" are homophonic, cotton shoes are forbidden in some areas, and red lanterns are hung high in front of the eaves of families in Hebei, which are called "sky lanterns" from the first night to the 18th day of the first month.

the Lantern Festival

The fifteenth day of the first month is the Lantern Festival, also known as Lantern Festival and Shangyuan Festival. "Thirteen lights are on, eighteen lights are off", which is the Lantern Festival, and the fifteenth day of the first month is its climax. During this period, farmers hung red lanterns (covered with rain hats) on bamboo poles and lit them every night to pray for a good harvest. Those who ask God to make a wish because of eye diseases are from the first day to the 30th. In the Lantern Festival, besides putting on lanterns and watching lanterns, we should eat glutinous rice dumplings in the morning and fried dumplings, peanuts, broad beans, ginkgo and other foods in the evening. During the lantern period, there is a common food custom of "putting on a lantern and dropping the lamp".

On the night of the Lantern Festival, the farmer took grass that was tied into more than ten feet long and lit it. He took it to his own ridge and waved it, calling it "fried hemp skewers". Usually, the hemp string is tied into twelve sections. If it is a leap year, one section must be Dozza, and two small firecrackers are put in each section. The farmer sings "burning wasteland" while waving, such as: "In the first half of the first month, fry hemp skewers, pick up an ear and weigh it, and dad will show it to grandma"; "In the first half of the first month, fried hemp skewers, other people's food is big in copper, and my food basket is big; Other people's food is raw, and my food is sold on the street. Some places of fried hemp string are also called "fried hemp insects" and "set fire". Some folks use hemp string flames to predict whether the year will be good or bad, and the crimson omen is drought and the pale omen is flood.

the 2nd day of the second lunar month

On the second day of the second lunar month, families will take their married daughters back to their parents' homes for rest, with different lengths of time. There is a folk song in Hebei, saying, "On February 2nd, every family punted with two girls." There is a folk song in Hedong: "Pick a pole, make cakes, take your daughter, poor dog without your daughter." One day, media outlets in Hedong and Henan were active, and the proverb said, "On the second day of February, the dragon looked up and Wang Baochai Xiulou threw colored balls."

Qingming Festival

Tomb-Sweeping Day is around April 5th of the Gregorian calendar. On that day, every household set up more offerings for ancestor worship, which is called "respecting the ancestors". On Qingming Day, it is customary for women and children to wear cauliflower and willow, and eat willow leaves in the morning to spread cakes. There is a folk saying that "if you don't wear willow on Qingming Day, you will become a dog after death". Ten days before and after the Qingming Festival, each family successively swept the grave, hung silks, inserted small flags and burned paper foil to pad the old grave and add a roof. In the three years after the burial of the deceased, children should hold wine sacrifices to sweep the grave, which were called new grave, middle grave and full grave respectively. The day before Qingming Festival is the "Cold Food Festival". There are no fireworks, but only cold food. After the Republic of China, they did not pay attention to it, and some changed to have cold meals in the afternoon of Qingming Day. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were more institutions, schools and people's organizations than before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day to sweep the tombs of martyrs, to worship the flower circles and to remember the martyrs.

B. Summer

From April to June in the lunar calendar, the main festivals are long summer, Dragon Boat Festival and June 6th. After the summer solstice, all the rice seedlings and miscellaneous grains are seedlings. Farmers are afraid of drought and flood, and they often hold an annual young crop meeting during this period. If there is no rain for a long time, there is still a move to be a dragon king's meeting to beg for rain. In summer, in addition to the above three festivals, there will be Master Guan's birthday on May 13th, and sworn brothers will sacrifice gods and have banquets on this day to honor Emperor Guan. June 9 is Guanyin's birthday, and she is vegetarian and vegetarian.

Beginning of Summer

Long summer Festival is celebrated around April 6th of the lunar calendar. Every family cooks eggs, and it is forbidden to sit on the threshold. Scrambled eggs with leeks are essential for lunch. Qutang area does not take a nap to prevent summer. Men and women, old and young, should be weighed in summer, while women wear acacia leaves or sleepy grass on their heads, saying it is to avoid being sleepy in summer. Before and after long summer, the wheat was just ripe, so it is customary to use tender wheat to grind Ciba (commonly known as "cold and tender") to taste new things.

Dragon Boat Festival

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival, also known as Duanyang Festival and Heavenly Day. It's the day when every family eats brown rice. In the old customs, Dragon Boat Festival symbols are hung in front of the door, and Zhong Kui's statue of the judge is hung indoors. Fresh wormwood and calamus are displayed on the ark of God, and incense is burned. There are judges jumping in the streets, and many operas such as The Legend of the White Snake are performed in the theaters. Women use colored velvet and satin to make a variety of exquisite sachets, which are worn on children and called "Dragon Boat Festival Brocade". Children wear new clothes, a "hundred ropes" around their necks and "tiger shoes" on their feet. Eating lunch behind closed doors at noon is called "enjoying lunch", and the dishes must have "five reds", that is, dried pickles, braised pork, red amaranth, braised yellow croaker, carrots, red fried shrimp, etc., and drinking realgar wine. After meals, use mugwort leaves dipped in realgar wine to spread all over the wine hall, or use mugwort leaves and calamus to smoke, and put the word "king" in realgar wine on children's forehead to ward off evil spirits and drive away five poisons. On the same day, the market town bathroom chopped Acorus calamus and Folium Artemisiae Argyi and put them in the pool water (commonly known as Baicao soup) for bathing to prevent sores and furuncles. The hairy-footed son-in-law often sends the woman zongzi, duck eggs, yellow croaker, pork and other etiquette every day. If the wedding day is near, she still needs to send clothes. The next day, the married children went back to their parents' home with their husbands, saying that they "ate rotten zongzi". The old custom of touring Fengshan during the Dragon Boat Festival in Hai 'an Town was once a great success, but it is no longer popular today.

June six

In the old customs, every family exposed themselves to the sun and ate the burnt crumbs fried with new wheat. There is a saying in the folk proverb that "on June 6th, eat a piece of coke and raise a piece of meat". Women wash their hair every day, while men and children bathe in the river. As the saying goes, "June 6th, wash white meat." The bride's family wants to make summer clothes for her newly-married children, which is called "sending summer clothes". In some places, there is a custom of taking children to rest on June 6. This custom has become weak today.

C. Autumn

From July to September in the lunar calendar, the main festivals are beginning of autumn, Qixi Festival, Mid-Autumn Festival and Double Ninth Festival. In addition, in the old fashion, there was the birthday of the Tibetan king on July 30. Every night, villagers lit a "ground lamp" to worship the gods, or delayed monks to put open-air flame mouths to cross over the lonely souls and wild ghosts, which was called "Meng Lan Hui", commonly known as "release the lonely".

Beginning of autumn eats watermelon every day, which means that it can dispel the summer heat, and there is a saying that eating watermelon every day can "rot pig hair". Most people in Libao area cook prickly heat with pumpkin on this day.

Qixi Festival；Chinese Valentine's Day

The night of July 7th, commonly known as Tanabata, is also called "Begging for Cleverness Festival", which is said to be the day when the Cowherd and Weaver Girl meet on the Queqiao Bridge. Peasant girls often look at the clever clouds together. It is said that whoever can look at the clever clouds will be proficient in needlework. There are also "begging for ingenuity" hidden under eggplant fields and melon sheds. This custom is out of fashion today.

Ghost Festival

August 15th of the lunar calendar is the Mid-Autumn Festival, commonly known as July 30. It is the anniversary of Japanese families wrapping flat food (dumplings), cooking new rice, eating lunch in advance and burning paper to worship their ancestors. Folk songs have the saying, "Burn the Qingming Festival early and burn the winter late, and the people who died in July will not get there."

Mid-Autumn Festival

August 15th of the lunar calendar is the Mid-Autumn Festival, commonly known as "August Festival", also known as "Reunion Festival", and Hedong people call it "People's Day". Before the festival, relatives and friends exchange gifts, and moon cakes are essential. Every family eats moon cakes, rice cakes and lotus root cakes. Farmers in Nanxiang mostly make "moon cakes" the size of pot covers, while people in Xiahe kill ducks for food. Banquet in the evening, family fun, and enjoy the moon with wine. After dinner, families set up seats in front of the door or in the courtyard to offer offerings such as moon cakes, fruits, lotus roots, ling, pomegranates, persimmons, etc., burn incense to the moon, worship the statue of "Taiyin Star King" and make fragrant tea in front of the gods, commonly known as "to worship the moonlight". Hedong area is for the statue of Moonlight Goddess. If there is an occasional eclipse of the moon, firecrackers, gongs and drums will be heard everywhere to drive away the tengu from eating the moon until the moon regains its sight. The famous shops in the market town held a "moonlight party" and set off fireworks at night, which was very lively. Storytelling and singing opera should sing timely programs such as "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon" and "Tang Minghuang's Visit to the Moon Palace". The engaged young men will give their husbands' families mooncakes, lotus roots, fish, clothing and other festivals, which are called festivals. Farmers have the custom of watching the Mid-Autumn moonlight to predict the abundance and regret of the coming year. There is a saying that "the bright moon will arch in the clouds, and the shrimp and fish will become extinct in the coming year". Today, except for the customs such as "respecting the moonlight" and "moonlight meeting", I remain the same.

Double Ninth Festival

The ninth day of the ninth lunar month is the Double Ninth Festival. It is a steamed sticky cake sold in the deli of Riji Town. It is called "Chongyang Cake" and comes with a five-color paper pennant with auspicious patterns printed on it, which is called "Chongyang Flag". In the evening, all the shops and workshops invited the master to eat "chong yang wine". As the saying goes, "after eating Chongyang cake, you say that you should throw away the evening tea;" If you eat chong yang wine, you will struggle at night. ". Qutang Town has a custom of eating melons every day, thinking that eating melons will not be bitten by mad dogs. Today is Japan, which has been designated as "Respect for the Elderly Day" by the state.

D. Winter

From November to the winter solstice, it enters the cold winter. December of the lunar calendar is called the twelfth lunar month, from the twentieth of the twelfth lunar month to New Year's Eve, and the days are counted by the number of nights. During this period, all families have to dust and clean up, make steamed cakes, steamed bread, rice cakes, etc., and some people also pickle salted fish and bacon. Every family should wash clothes and bedding on a sunny day, and the folk song says, "If you have money but no money, wash for the New Year". The barber shop and bathroom are very busy because of "cutting the head and taking a bath". On the 26th and 27th nights, some people pay homage to God and bid farewell to the New Year, and shops eat wine for the New Year. From 20 to 29 nights, there are full-time night watchmans in the market town, and hand-held lanterns knock on bamboo rafts to remind people of fire prevention and theft prevention. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, local government departments paid more attention to winter defense, organized militia and staff to patrol at night, and did a good job in security.

October dynasty

On the first day of October in the lunar calendar, it is called "October Dynasty", and the graves are filled within a few days before and after, and the sacrifices are similar to those in Tomb-Sweeping Day. It is a custom to cook glutinous rice to send flies, while Hedong cooks red bean rice to send flies. In the old custom of Libao, a city god meeting was held on the same day. In Hedong area, cattle were washed in October, and cattle began to rest in winter. Beating an old cow is often eliminated.

Winter solstice festival

The winter solstice is around the Gregorian calendar1February 22nd. The day before was a small winter, and every family worshipped their ancestors and burned paper. The winter solstice, also known as the big winter, has the custom of eating dumplings in the morning everywhere. In the evening, we have a reunion banquet, and all the shops and workshops have "winter wine", commonly known as "big winter is like a year". There is also a winter worship ceremony in Hedong. Count nine from the winter solstice. On the day of the winter solstice, the shortest day and the longest night, so there is a saying: "No night in the winter solstice, no riding in the summer solstice."

laba

On the eighth day of the twelfth lunar month, the reception office called Nikurobe Daoism Day. Folks imitate the temple custom, and cook "Laba porridge" with glutinous rice, soybeans, peanuts, arrowheads, vegetables and red beans. Well-paid rich people put red dates, chestnuts, ginkgo, mushrooms, fungus, etc., which are called "eight-treasure porridge". Buddhist believers eat noodles at night to wish "infinite longevity Buddha" Other families still have banquets. It is still the custom to eat Laba porridge today.

Sending stove

On the 24th day of the twelfth lunar month, every family sent a stove to pray that the kitchen ruler "said good things in heaven to keep the world safe". Generally, there are four sacrificial offerings: caramel (the mouth of the kitchen god is sealed), tea and rice (symbolizing the peace of life), tofu (the homonym of "rich"), red beans and broken straw (the feed of the kitchen god), and people in Hedong also provide distiller's grains. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, this custom gradually fell into disuse.

New Year's Eve

December 30th of the lunar calendar is New Year's Eve, commonly known as "Thirty Nights". The day before New Year's Eve is New Year's Eve, and most families worship their ancestors at noon. Some families worship their ancestors at noon on New Year's Eve. It's a day to cook old rice and put it in an old lunch box. Before New Year's Eve, every household is busy, steaming cakes, cooking new year's dishes, frying peanuts, broad beans, fried rice, buying tea and buying new year's goods, etc., all of which must be prepared outdoors at this stage. On New Year's Eve, red paper, yellow paper decorations and sesame stalks should be inserted in the eaves of old customs, and red happy notes, Spring Festival couplets and door gods should be posted on the portals; In the hall, New Year pictures and smooth strips are posted, and the word "Fu" is pasted upside down, which is the homonym of "Fu to". In the first year, the Spring Festival couplets in the mourning house are pasted with yellow paper, the second year with green paper, and the third year with red paper. Clean up the inside and outside of every house, and beat "gold ingots" or "unicorn footprints" with lime wrapped in pu outside the door and at the head of the field. On New Year's Eve, the ancestors were honored and the kitchen gods were received, and the family held a banquet to eat "Shounian wine". Generally, we should cook more New Year's Eve, and leave the rest for the New Year to eat "old rice"; If you want to keep a whole piece of rice crust, you should call it "rice root", put it in a plate, put branches and sesame stalks on it, decorate it with ginkgo, peanuts and copper coins, paste yellow paper notes and statues of the god of wealth, and put it on the cabinet of gods. After the end of the banquet, clean the kitchen, clear the kitchen surface, pot chamber, and fill the water tank and bucket. Before going to bed, the elders should give the younger generation "pressure (keep) money;" Put candy, dates and long-lived fruits (peanuts with shells) on each person's pillow for the new year to eat at the pillow; New clothes, new hats, new shoes and socks are also distributed for the New Year. Some families in Hedong stay up all night and wait for the people, which is called "guarding the age".