At the beginning of the Qin Dynasty, thirty-six counties were established, which were later increased to more than forty counties.
In the twenty-sixth year of the First Emperor of Qin (221 BC), Prime Minister Wang Wan asked the princes to be named kings of Yan, Qi and Chu, which was approved by the ministers. Tingwei Li Si opposed all opinions and advocated the abolition of the system of enfeoffing princes and the comprehensive implementation of the county system. Qin Shihuang accepted Li Si's suggestion and divided the country into thirty-six counties, and later added more than forty counties.
There are counties or roads below the county level. The county was a key first-level organization in the Qin Dynasty's ruling institutions. It was a relatively independent unit from the central to local government agencies. Counties are set up in the interior, and roads are set up in border minority areas. Counties with more than 10,000 households have county magistrates, and counties with less than 10,000 households have county magistrates. The Ling and Chief are the heads of a county, in charge of the county's government affairs, and are subject to the control of the county governor. There are Wei and Cheng under the county magistrate. Wei is in charge of the military and public security of the county; Cheng is the county magistrate or assistant to the county magistrate and is in charge of the justice of the county. The main county and county officials are appointed and dismissed by the central government.
There are townships, li and pavilions below the county level. Xiangheli is the administrative agency, and the pavilion is the public security organization. There are three elders, stingy husbands and youyou in the countryside. The three elders are in charge of education, the stingy husband is in charge of litigation and taxation, and you are in charge of public security. The countryside is the most basic administrative unit of the Qin State. Li is named Li Zheng or Li Dian, and later generations call it Li Zheng and Li Kui, and they are called "haoshuai", that is, powerful ones. In addition to having roughly the same functions as those of the township government, its functions also have the task of organizing production. In addition, there are special agencies called pavilions for policing and prohibiting thieves. The pavilions have their own length. Qin stipulated that the two pavilions should be separated by ten miles and should have a pavilion chief. Pavilions are located in important places in urban and rural areas.
Extended information
A county is a local administrative unit under the central government. Its organizational structure is slightly the same as that of the central government, with county governors, county lieutenants, county supervisors (supervisors and censors) ). The county governor is the highest administrative officer of a county and is in charge of the county's political affairs and is directly controlled by the central government; the county lieutenant assists the county governor and is in charge of the county's military affairs; the county supervisor is in charge of supervision work.
The royal family appoints and dismisses the main officials in counties and counties. These counties are completely controlled by the central government and the emperor and are local administrative units under the central government. A centralized system was established. In the twenty-eighth year of the First Emperor of Qin (219 BC), a stone inscription on Mount Yi said: "In memory of the troubled times, we divided the land and built a country to open up arguments"; "This is the present royal family, one family and the world, and the army will no longer rise." This shows that Qin Shihuang believed that abolishing feudal counties was necessary to eliminate military strife in various places.
The centralized state political system created by the Qin Dynasty will only be tinkered with in the subsequent history of Chinese society, while the basic framework remains unchanged. To consolidate rule.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Qin Dynasty