Garlic planting time
The planting time of garlic varies according to the planting purpose. Most of them are planted in 9- 10, as the saying goes, "onion in July, garlic in August" (lunar calendar). Those cultivated as green garlic (tender leaves) can be planted in August, and the requirements for sowing date are not very strict.
Garlic planting method
1, soil preparation and fertilization
The root system of garlic is distributed in the surface layer of soil, and its absorption is weak. It is best to choose fertile, loose soil with strong water retention and drainage performance. In order to facilitate the occurrence of garlic fibrous roots and the absorption of nutrients, the planting area should be deeply cultivated, and the base fertilizer is mainly manure, as well as garbage and plant ash. Can be added, the base fertilizer is about 2000 kg per mu. After ploughing and harrowing, the compartments are divided according to the width of planting habits in various places. General carriage width is 1 10- 150 cm and height is 15-20 cm.
Step 2 sow seeds
Garlic cloves should be selected and graded before sowing, and garlic with early maturity and characteristics of this variety should be strictly selected as seed garlic before harvesting in the field. When sowing, garlic cloves are divided into three grades according to the size of garlic cloves, and planted separately, which is convenient for field management. In order to break the dormancy of garlic and promote its development, garlic cloves should be dried for 1-2 days before sowing, and seeds can be soaked in water for 1-2 days before sowing.
Sowing method: when sowing, first open a ditch from one end of the box, sow garlic cloves in turn according to plant spacing, then open a second ditch according to row spacing, and cover the first ditch with soil one by one from the second ditch. After covering the soil, a layer of crop straw can also be covered on the surface of the compartment to prevent the surface soil from hardening and promote the elongation, softness and whiteness of the leaf sheath.
Sowing density: due to the great difference in planting purposes, the purpose is to harvest garlic and young garlic, with row spacing 13-20cm, plant spacing 10- 13cm and seed consumption per mu 100- 150kg. The row spacing of planting green garlic is 10- 13cm and the plant spacing is 10- 13cm.
3. Tian Tuan management
The field management of garlic is mainly topdressing, intertillage and weeding. One of the main measures for high-yield fertilization is topdressing for 2-3 times at seedling stage, mainly applying human and animal manure, topdressing once after overwintering to promote the elongation of garlic shoots and the expansion of garlic bulbs. Fertilization should not be too concentrated to avoid rot. Garlic seedlings can be cultivated in intertillage when they are young, and shallow intertillage when the seedlings are 35 cm high. During the growth of garlic leaves, it is necessary to cultivate and weed frequently to keep the soil loose and not hardened. If a layer of crop straw can be spread on the surface of the carriage, it can not only preserve water and fertilizer, but also prevent soil hardening and inhibit weed growth.
Before overwintering, garlic should be watered with topdressing. During the bulb expansion period, pay attention to drainage, and don't use too much nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise new garlic buds may grow leaves again. The soil is too wet, garlic cloves are easy to scatter, which affects the quality and storage of garlic.
4, to prevent the emergence of single garlic, compound garlic and scattered garlic.
Single garlic, multiple garlic and loose garlic are all abnormal bulbs, which often affect the quality and yield of garlic.
One head of garlic is planted with aerial roots, or poor soil, lack of fertilizer and water, or diseases and pests. The prevention method is to choose larger garlic cloves for planting, plant them reasonably and closely, and strengthen field management to make the plants grow normally.
Non-stick compound garlic is a kind of garlic cloves that germinate into secondary garlic cloves after the lateral buds of bulbs form garlic cloves. This kind of garlic cloves are very small, and at the same time, the whole bulb is divided into several garlic heads, which reduces the commodity value. The reasons for the formation are insufficient low temperature and insufficient light, and the preventive measures are timely sowing and strengthening fertilizer and water management. .
Loose garlic is due to too much fertilizer and water in the early stage, which makes garlic germinate before harvest and form new leaves, so that the whole bulb grows many small but no longer fat. Or because the harvest is too late, bulbs rot in the soil and garlic cloves are scattered all over the floor. The prevention method is not to broadcast early in autumn. When bulbs begin to swell, control the fertilizer and water and harvest them in time.
Step 5 harvest
About 20 days after the young garlic shoots are harvested, one-half to one-third of the leaves can be harvested when they become Yellowstone. If there is a lot of rain at this time, they are harvested too late and easy to rot, and garlic cloves are easy to scatter after harvesting and are not easy to store.