Pungent in taste and warm in nature. Efficacy: regulating qi, lowering adverse flow, warming middle warmer to relieve pain, and warming kidney.
Second, the traditional application
Indications: epigastric cold pain, hiccup, nausea and vomiting; Impotence due to deficiency of kidney yang, and leukorrhagia due to cold and dampness.
This medicine is commonly used in the following traditional prescriptions: ① Lilac and Persimmon Decoction (Syndrome Causes and Pulse Treatment): Lilac, Persimmon, Ginseng and Ginger to treat hiccups caused by cold; ② Ding Gui San (Qianjin Yifang): Clove and Cinnamon, which are used to treat chronic heartache and traumatic injury.
Third, the main ingredients: mainly contain volatile oil, clove oil and other ingredients.
Fourth, pharmacological effects
(A) the impact on the digestive system
1, anti-gastric ulcer: it can inhibit the formation of experimental gastric ulcer in rats. The volatile oil of clove and eugenol can significantly increase gastric mucus secretion, but the acidity does not increase. Eugenol may be an anti-ulcer active ingredient.
2, stomach: can relieve abdominal flatulence, enhance digestion, reduce nausea and vomiting.
3. Inhibition of intestinal excitability: Its decoction can inhibit the spontaneous contraction of isolated rabbit intestine and resist the excitatory effects of acetylcholine and histamine on isolated intestine.
4. Anti-diarrhea: Its water extract and eugenol can antagonize large intestine diarrhea and intestinal cavity effusion caused by senna or castor oil.
(2) Anesthesia, analgesia, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory.
1, anesthesia: eugenol has anesthetic effect on young prawns and carp. Eugenol can inhibit the compound action potential of A, B and C fibers in rat vagus nerve, which may be one of the mechanisms of clove stopping teeth. Eugenol can block the transmission of sciatic nerve in bullfrog, but it does not affect the postsynaptic membrane reaction of muscle, which shows the effect of selective anesthesia of nerve fibers.
Intravenous injection of eugenol in rabbits can produce anesthetic and anticonvulsant effects, but it can inhibit breathing and lower blood pressure. Therefore, eugenol is only used for local anesthesia, not for general anesthesia.
2. Analgesia: The water decoction of mice has analgesic effect.
3, antipyretic: oral eugenol in rabbits has antipyretic effect and is stronger than acetaminophen. Its mechanism of action is to produce antipyretic effect through pG synthesis in brain.
4. Anti-inflammatory: Both syringoether extract and water extract can inhibit ear shell swelling and increase capillary permeability in mice. Rats can inhibit experimental plantar swelling by oral administration.
Its analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms may be related to antioxidation, scavenging free radicals and inhibiting the activities of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase.
(3) Anti-coagulation and anti-thrombosis
1, anti-aggregation: eugenol and acetoeugenol can inhibit platelet aggregation and whole blood aggregation induced by arachidonic acid in rabbits and humans, and inhibit ATp release. Its anti-aggregation mechanism is to inhibit the synthesis of TXB in platelets.
2. Anticoagulation: Oral administration of its water extract can prolong plasma prothrombin time, thrombin time and factor VIII time, and shorten prothrombin consumption time and factor V time.
3. Anti-thrombosis: The water extract of mice can prolong the thrombosis time of electric stimulation of carotid artery.
(4) Resistance to pathogens
1, antibacterial and antiviral: clove oil and eugenol have broad-spectrum antibacterial effects. The ellagitannin in clove has anti-herpes simplex virus effect.
2. Antifungal: Its decoction or ethanol leaching solution has broad-spectrum antifungal effect or killing effect. Eugenol has a significant killing effect on Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans.
3. Killing parasites: Its water extract can kill roundworms in dogs and pigs. The effect of clove oil is stronger than that of decoction.
4. Killing Trichomonas: Clove oil, eugenol and acetoeugenol have a strong killing effect on Trichomonas.
(5) Others
1, inhibiting smooth muscle: clove oil, eugenol, acetoeugenol and eugenol aqueous solution can inhibit the contraction of vascular smooth muscle, intestinal smooth muscle, guinea pig tracheal smooth muscle and isolated uterine smooth muscle.
2. Its ammonia water extract can enhance insulin activity.
3. Among them, ellagitannin can reduce the concentration of urea in blood.
4. Eugenol is a testosterone-5- reductase inhibitor, which can be used to prevent and treat alopecia.
V. Clinical application
1, treatment of hiccup, upset stomach, general vomiting, loss of appetite.
2, clove oil local use to treat toothache.
3, clove decoction for external use to treat tinea.
VI. Dosage and Usage
Pharmacopoeia dose:1~ 3g.
Clinical dose:1~ 3g.
High dose: Not suitable for high dose use.
Usage: decoct in water, grind into powder or put into pills, swallow in powder, soak in wine for oral administration and apply externally.
Seven, clinical experience
(A) on the treatment of hiccups and stomach upset
This product is traditionally used to treat hiccups. Hiccup caused by diaphragm spasm caused by cold stimulation is mostly functional. Cloves are boiled or soaked in boiling water to warm the stomach, which is mostly effective in treating hiccups. Hiccup is also functional after radiotherapy for esophageal cancer, and drugs such as clove and persimmon are effective for its mild symptoms. Because clove is warm and hot, it often hurts yin and body fluid after radiotherapy, so it must be used equally with drugs such as Dendrobium and Phragmites communis.
In Treatise on Febrile Diseases, there is a syndrome of Jue Yin disease, namely hiccup, which is a syndrome of extreme deficiency of stomach qi. In advanced tumors such as liver cancer, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, etc., the cancer mass has eroded the diaphragm, and you don't want to eat. If there are signs of critical illness such as hiccups, clove and persimmon can be used together with ginseng, ginger and sword beans to temporarily improve the symptoms.
Clove has a certain effect on chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, stomach pain, poor appetite, bloating, nausea, general vomiting and other symptoms. Often used with cardamom.
(2) About pain relief
In the ancient prescription Dinggui powder, clove and cinnamon are used together, which can be taken orally and applied externally to treat lumbago due to cold and dampness, lumbago due to strain, lumbago due to long-term injury, and soreness of waist and knees. External application of Yongquan point on the sole of the foot has a good effect on sciatica. Clove is a good traditional Chinese medicine for anesthesia and pain relief.
Clove oil has been widely used in dental clinic for local anesthesia and analgesia.
The analgesic, anticoagulant and antithrombotic effects of this product should have the effect of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis from the traditional theory. However, it is not recorded in the compendium of materia medica and other herbal works.
(3) What does clove mean to warm the kidney?
"Compendium of Materia Medica" records that clove cures kidney qi, rushes dolphin qi, yin pain, abdominal pain, aphrodisiac and warms waist and knees. These should refer to the effect of warming kidney. Clove has the effects of antioxidation, scavenging free radicals and preventing alopecia. This function can be used in contemporary anti-aging and anti-alopecia aspects.
There is an attached prescription in Compendium of Materia Medica, which uses the mother clove powder to be included in the yin to cure the woman's coldness and illness. Clove has the effect of killing trichomonas, which may be related to this.
Eight, side effects
(A) the traditional literature
Compendium of Materia Medica: non-toxic.
(2) Toxicological test
1, LD50: the LD50 of its decoction was l and 8g/kg by intraperitoneal injection. The LD50 of clove oil in mice was 1 and 6g/kg. The oral LD50 of eugenol was 3g/kg in mice and 2g/kg in rats.
2. Toxic reaction: The water extract l20g (crude drug)/kg of mice did not cause death. The symptoms of poisoning are respiratory depression, weakness of hind limbs and disappearance of righting reflex.
Oral administration of clove oil 2g/kg can cause vomiting in dogs, and oral administration of clove oil 5g/kg can cause vomiting and death.
Eugenol has quinone methyl compound and phenoxy radical, which are its intermediate metabolites in liver cells. These two compounds combine with the valence bond of cell protein to produce cytotoxicity.
3. Pathological examination showed that there were blood stasis and turbid swelling in liver and kidney, necrosis of some liver cells and turbid swelling in myocardium.
It shows that the toxicity of decoction is very small. Clove oil has a certain toxic reaction.
(3) Clinical observation
Non-toxic There is no uncomfortable reaction after being decocted with water in the conventional dosage. Long-term decoction has no obvious side effects. It has been reported that clove oil and eugenol are used locally, and occasionally an individual has an allergic reaction.
Although the efficacy and function of clove are very powerful, it is irreplaceable, but we must pay attention to it when using it, and be clear about its side effects.
What are the effects and functions of camellia chrysantha?
Camellia chrysantha can be used as medicine to treat hematochezia and menorrhagia, and can also be used as an edible dye. Besides making tea as a beverage, leaves also have medicinal value. Camellia chrysantha has obvious effects on regulating blood lipid, blood sugar and cholesterol, enhancing immunity, improving various unwell symptoms caused by hypertension, resisting bacteria and inflammation, clearing away heat and toxic materials, promoting diuresis to reduce swelling, enhancing the vitality of liver and kidney, preventing arteriosclerosis, preventing cancer and inhibiting tumor growth. After investigation, Camellia chrysantha has been used in the folk to refresh the mind, clear liver fire, relieve fever and poison, and nourish vitality. Pharmacological records of Camellia chrysantha are found in Compendium of Guangxi Ethnic Medicine, Guangxi Chinese Herbal Medicine Standard, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Camellia chrysantha in Fangcheng, China, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Camellia chrysantha in Guangxi, China, China Zhuang Medicine and Dictionary of Medicinal Plants.
Health care function
1, anticancer effect:
Se: It can prevent the formation of free radicals. It can destroy the epoxide formed by carcinogens in the body. Na _ 2 SEO _ 3 can inhibit the DNA synthesis of mouse hepatocellular carcinoma cells and reduce the DNA synthesis of human rectal adenocarcinoma cell line HR 8348. Se can also selectively interact with many biochemical metabolism of tumor cells to achieve anti-cancer effect.
Ge: It is known that all organs of human body have their fixed potentials. The potential of cancer cells is high and changes dramatically. Ge may control and inhibit the potential of cancer cells through dehydrogenation.
Mn: It can resist chemical carcinogenesis-carcinogenic effect of benzopyrene.
Tea Polyphenol: Experts from the Japanese Cancer Society believe that it can control the proliferation of cancer cells.
2. Reduce cholesterol and szlig; The role of lipoprotein:
V: It is related to the metabolism of lipids and cholesterol. It can promote hematopoietic function and significantly reduce plasma cholesterol. The serum triglyceride and cholesterol content of V-deficient animals increased.
Mn: It can improve lipid metabolism in patients with atherosclerosis. To prevent experimental atherosclerosis.
Camellia chrysantha contains more than 400 chemical components beneficial to human body.
What are the effects and functions of copper money grass?
The efficacy of copper money grass:
The roots and leaves of LYSIMACHIA can be used as vegetable dishes; It can also be used as a Chinese herbal medicine to dispel wind, strengthen intestine, improve eyesight and clear summer heat.
Usage: the whole herb can be used as medicine and has diuretic effect.
Collection time: summer and autumn.
Properties: slightly cold, bitter and pungent; Clearing heat and removing dampness, detoxifying and diuresis. Alias: collapse bowl, horseshoe grass, Leigonggen, clam grass, copper money grass, and end up playing.
Method: remove impurities, wash, cut into sections and dry in the sun.
Properties: this product is often curled into a ball. The root is cylindrical, 2 ~ 4 cm long, with a diameter of1~1.5 mm and a light yellow or grayish yellow surface. The stem is slender and curved, yellow-brown, with fine longitudinal wrinkles, and often hairy roots are attached to the nodes. The leaves are shriveled,
Broken, the intact one is nearly round or kidney-shaped after flattening, with a diameter of1~ 4 cm, gray-green, and rough and blunt teeth at the edge; Petiole is 3 ~ 6 cm long and twisted. Umbellies axillary, short. Biloba fruit is oblate, with obviously raised longitudinal edges and thin.
Reticulate, the fruit stalk is very short. Slight breath, light taste.
Prescription:
1. Exogenous summer heat and nasopharynx: Centella asiatica, Eclipta prostrata, and Artemisia annua (all fresh) in appropriate amounts, * * * mashed and taken with cold boiled water.
2. Exogenous wind and heat: 60 grams of fresh Centella asiatica and 4 white-necked earthworms are mashed, decocted in water, and the juice is taken three times a day.
Nature and taste: bitter, pungent and cold. Liver, spleen and kidney meridians entered.
Indications: clearing away heat and promoting diuresis, detoxicating and reducing swelling. Used for damp-heat jaundice, heatstroke and diarrhea, sand stranguria and blood stranguria, carbuncle, swelling and sore, and traumatic injury.
Usage and dosage:15 ~ 30g; Double the fresh products. Storage: Store in a dry place.
The function of copper money grass:
1, the small copper money grass has many functions. The roots and leaves can be used as vegetables, and can also be used as Chinese herbal medicines to dispel wind, strengthen intestines, improve eyesight and clear summer heat. The whole herb can be used as medicine and has diuretic effect.
2. When cultivated in aquarium, it is often used as foreground grass.
3. With simple cultivation and management, beautiful plant shape, green leaves, it is very attractive, and it is one of the favorite aquatic plants of flower friends at present, which can be cultivated in soil or hydroponics.
4. Green plants have the function of decorating the indoor environment, purifying the air and mainly absorbing methanol. Like chlorophytum, they carry out photosynthesis during the day and release oxygen, while discharging carbon dioxide at night. (There is a special situation in which oxygen is not released while sunlight is shining, that is, Sedum sativum metabolic plant (CAM). Sedum sativum metabolic plant carries out photosynthesis in sunlight during the day, but its stomata are closed without gas exchange. At night, it opens the stomata for gas exchange, releases the oxygen generated by photosynthesis during the day, and absorbs carbon dioxide and stores it for photosynthesis in the sun during the day. In fact, it will only be released after photosynthesis in the sun, but the time is staggered. )
The ornamental copperplate hydroponics is a versatile decorative floret wherever it is placed, and its flower language is Fu Lu Shou Xi, tenacious and tenacious. It is now highly sought after by flower friends, so why not raise a pot quickly?
The flowering period of copper money grass is April and the fruiting period is July. Copper money grass is strong in nature, easy to plant, rapid in reproduction and amphibious. Its nature is warm and humid, and it is better to cultivate in a semi-sunny or shady place, avoiding direct sunlight, and the cultivation soil is not limited. The soft and well-drained cultivation soil is better, and the optimum water temperature is 22~28 degrees. Resistant to shade, humidity, drought and strong adaptability.
What are the effects and functions of Campanula polycarpa?
Pinyin name: jhu ā f ē n ɡ ln ɡ c ? o
Alias: lantern flower
The source of medicinal materials: the whole grass of Campanulaceae.
Latin plant and animal mineral name: canpanula glomerata l.subsp.cephalotes (nakai) hong [c.cephalotes nakai]
Harvest and storage: harvest in July-September, wash and dry in the sun.
Original form
Bellflower is a perennial grass with a height of 40- 125cm. Stems erect, sometimes branched on the upper part. Cauline leaves are long-stalked, and the leaves are long-ovoid to heart-ovoid, the upper ones are sessile, elliptic, long-ovoid to ovoid-lanceolate, and the leaves are 7- 15cm long and1.7-7 cm wide; All the leaves have sharp serrations, and the stems and leaves are almost hairless or sparsely white bristles or densely covered with white fluff. There are several integrated flower heads, usually many, and there are many solitary closed inflorescences besides the compound flower heads at the top of the stem. There are 1 bracts under each flower, and the flowers in the middle of the flower heads open first, so the bracts are the smallest. Calyx lobes subulate; Corolla purple, blue purple or blue, tubular bell-shaped, long 1.5-2.5cm, 5-lobed to the middle. Capsule inverted egg-shaped dimension. The seeds are oblong, flat and 1- 1.5mm long. Flowering period is July-September.
Habitat distribution
Ecological environment: Born in grassland and bushes.
Distribution of resources: distributed in northeast China and northeast Inner Mongolia.
Sexual taste:
Bitter taste and cool nature
Meridian tropism:
Return to lung meridian
Functional indications:
Clearing away heat and toxic materials. Main sore throat; have a headache
Usage and dosage:
Oral administration: decoction, 6- 10g.