Self-ejection means that when the pea is ripe, the pod will split itself and then eject the seeds inside. Transmission through birds and other animals means that after birds and other animals eat pea seeds, the seeds can be excreted with their feces.
Pea is a semi-hardy crop, which likes mild and humid climate and is not resistant to dry heat. Pea is a long-day crop, which likes temperature and has poor drought resistance. Pea has wide adaptability to soil and low requirements for soil quality. Sandy loam and loam with strong water holding capacity, good aeration and rich humus are the most suitable, and the ph value is 6.0-7.0. Pea is native to China and Central Asia, mainly distributed in Asia and Europe.
Pea, an annual climbing herb in Leguminosae, is 0.5-2 meters high. The whole plant is green, smooth and hairless, covered with powder cream. Leaves with 4-6 leaflets, stipules heart-shaped, with fine teeth at the lower edge. Leaflets are ovoid, flowers are solitary in leaf axils or arranged in racemes. Calyx bell-shaped, lobes lanceolate, corolla color diverse, but mostly white and purple. Ovary glabrous, style flat.
Pods are swollen, rectangular, round and turquoise, and turn yellow after drying. The flowering period is from June to July, and the fruiting period is from July to September.
Originated in West Asia and the Mediterranean thousands of years ago, it is one of the important cultivated crops in the world. Seeds, tender pods and tender seedlings are edible. Seeds contain starch and oil, which can be used as medicine, and have the functions of strengthening, diuresis and stopping diarrhea. Stem and leaf can cool and relieve summer heat, and can be used as green manure, feed or fuel.