Classification and maintenance of cowhide

There are many kinds, and the best piece of skin is epidermis from top to bottom, which is breathable and soft.

Animal skins used to make leather shoes are made of animal skins, and then the grain surface is coated with dyes (color paste or dyeing water), resins, fixing agents and other materials to make glossy coated leather with various colors, which is called smooth leather. High-grade smooth leather has clear grain surface, soft hand feel, pure color, good air permeability, natural luster and thin and uniform coating; Low-grade smooth leather has many disabilities, so the coating is thick, the grain surface is unclear, the gloss is high, and the hand feel and air permeability are obviously worse.

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Different types of leather have different characteristics and uses. For example, sheep leather is light and soft, which is an ideal fabric for making leather clothes; Cowhide has fine surface and high strength, and is most suitable for making leather shoes. Pigskin has good air permeability and moisture permeability, and is suitable for making underwear and children's products. Horseshoe fiber has dense structure and high strength, so it has a good effect in making leather pants and boots.

Generally speaking, the thickness, density and distribution of pores on the surface of leather are the main basis for distinguishing cowhide, sheepskin, pigskin and horseskin.

Sheepskin: Goatskin is the best. Goatskin has flat and round pores, clear pores and fish-scale arrangement, which makes it soft, elastic and natural in luster. Sheepskin and pigskin can be made into smooth and suede, but smooth is the main one.

Cowhide: Cowhide and buffalo hide are both called cowhide, but there are some differences between them. The pores on the surface of cowhide are round and extend straight into the skin. Pores are tight, even and irregularly arranged, like stars all over the sky. The pores on the surface of buffalo hide are thicker than cowhide, the number of pores is less than cowhide, and the leather is slack, which is not as detailed and plump as cowhide.

Horse skin: the pores on the leather surface are oval, slightly larger than cowhide, arranged regularly, and the leather is delicate and soft.

Pigskin: Pores of pigskin are thick, and every three holes are arranged in a triangle, and each group is far apart. The leather surface is uneven and rough. Now some air force clothes are made of pigskin. This kind of leather looks as soft and elastic as sheepskin after shrinking. Because of shrinkage, the coarse pores are almost invisible, and the triangular arrangement of pores can only be seen vaguely after flattening. This kind of leather is economical.

Artificial leather and synthetic leather: Artificial leather and synthetic leather are composite materials made of textiles or non-woven fabrics and synthetic resin, and are plastic products similar to natural leather. They are soft, wear-resistant, elastic and widely used. But the air permeability is poor, and there are no natural pores on the front. The back floor is woven or non-woven, not animal skin floor. In addition, artificial leather and synthetic leather have poor cold resistance, and will become hard and brittle if they are too cold.

Cowhide, sheepskin, pigskin and horseskin are also the main materials for making genuine leather women's shoes now, and the cost of artificial leather is lower. Customers refer to the relative cost of raw materials and buy a pair of love shoes at the most reasonable price.