The purpose of the knowledge competition is to survey residents’ health knowledge and health behaviors to provide a basis for formulating relevant intervention measures. The following is the content of the National Health Knowledge Competition compiled by me. I hope you all like it! National Health Knowledge Competition Questions
Part 1 Required Questions
1. What is the normal blood pressure for adults? What is the normal high value of blood pressure?
Answer: Systolic blood pressure is less than 140 mmHg. , diastolic blood pressure is lower than 90 mmHg; blood pressure value is 120~139/80~89 mmHg, which is called high normal blood pressure.
2. What are the benefits of using a towel and toiletries per person in daily life?
Answer: It can prevent the spread of contact infectious diseases such as trachoma and acute epidemic conjunctivitis (commonly known as pinkeye). ; Also do not use bath towels with other people to prevent skin diseases and sexually transmitted diseases.
3. What is health and what three aspects does health involve?
Answer: Health is not only the absence of disease or weakness, but a complete state of physical health, mental and social adaptation; health Involving three aspects: physical health, mental health, and social adaptation
4. How much blood do healthy adults donate each time and how long is the interval between two blood donations?
Answer: Healthy adults The amount of blood donation is generally 200-400 ml, and the interval between two blood donations should be no less than 6 months.
5. What diseases can be transmitted by using syringes with others?
Answer: Hepatitis B, hepatitis C, AIDS and other diseases can be transmitted.
6. Which groups are susceptible to influenza?
Answer: Children, the elderly, and the infirm are susceptible to influenza.
7. When is the best time to brush your teeth?
Answer: It is best to brush your teeth every morning and evening. If you only brush once a day, do it before going to bed.
8. How is tuberculosis mainly spread?
Answer: Tuberculosis is mainly spread through droplets produced by patients coughing, sneezing, talking loudly, etc.
9. What do the "Four Pests" refer to?
Answer: Mosquitoes, flies, rats, cockroaches, etc. not only disturb people's rest, but also can spread diseases, so they are called? Four evils?.
10. What does psychological balance refer to?
Answer: It refers to a good psychological state, that is, the ability to properly evaluate oneself, cope with the pressure in daily life, and work efficiently and study, and contribute to family and society.
11. (Please look at the big screen) Please tell me what the two signs on the big screen mean.
Answer: A. Please do not smoke. B. No smoking
12. How to call the 120 emergency hotline
Answer: After the call is connected, the condition, number of people, address, and name of the injured and injured should be briefly stated. Gender, age, contact number, and the reporter’s phone number and name.
13. What are the standards for rural sanitary toilets?
Answer: It refers to walls, roofs, toilet pits and cesspools, no leakage, hygienic environment, and no fly maggots. Toilets that are basically odorless, with feces treated harmlessly and cleaned in a timely manner.
14. What are the categories of vaccines?
Answer: Vaccines are divided into two categories. The first category of vaccines refers to vaccines that the government provides to citizens free of charge and citizens must receive vaccinations in accordance with regulations; the second category of vaccines refers to other vaccines that citizens pay for themselves and receive vaccinations voluntarily.
15. What does a healthy lifestyle refer to, and what aspects does it mainly include?
Answer: A healthy lifestyle refers to habitual behaviors that are beneficial to health; it mainly includes It includes four aspects: reasonable diet, moderate exercise, quitting smoking and limiting alcohol, and psychological balance.
16. What is passive smoking?
Answer: Passive smoking means that non-smokers inhale the smoke exhaled by smokers and the smoke produced by burning cigarettes, also known as second-hand smoke.
17. What are the categories of food?
Answer: It is divided into cereals (rice, flour, cereals, etc.) and potatoes, animal foods (meat, poultry, fish, milk, Eggs, etc.), beans and nuts (soybeans, other dry beans, peanuts, walnuts, etc.), vegetables, fruits, pure energy foods (animal and vegetable oils, starch, sugar, wine, etc.).
18. Briefly describe the methods of cardiac resuscitation
Answer: Use methods such as precordial tapping, automated external defibrillator, and external chest heart compression to restore the heartbeat; Open the airway, mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, etc. to restore breathing.
19. When was "Health Literacy of Chinese Citizens? Basic Knowledge and Skills" released by which national ministry and commission, and what parts does it consist of
Answer: January 4, 2008 On September 1, it was released by the People's Republic of China and the Ministry of Health's Announcement No. 3; it consists of three parts: basic knowledge and concepts, healthy lifestyles and behaviors, and basic skills. There are 66 articles.
20. What are the factors that destroy the ecological balance and cause environmental pollution?
Answer: Both natural factors and human behavior will damage the environment. When this damage and impact reach a certain level, , will destroy the ecological balance.
21. What is the health literacy of Chinese citizens? What aspects does "66 Items of Health" include, and how many items are there?
Answer: It includes basic knowledge and concepts, healthy lifestyles and behaviors , three aspects of basic skills. There are 26, 34 and 7 respectively.
22. What’s wrong with spitting?
Answer: When spitting, common respiratory infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, influenza, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis, and measles The pathogens can enter the air as droplets with the patient's sputum and spread to others. So don't spit everywhere. This is also a sign of uncivilization in today's society.
23. Which vaccines are provided free of charge to children by my country’s immunization program, and which infectious diseases are prevented?
Answer: The national immunization program provides immunization program vaccines for children. Including oral polio vaccine, BCG vaccine, combined pertussis, diphtheria, and tetanus vaccine, combined measles, rubella, and mumps vaccine, hepatitis B vaccine, hepatitis A vaccine, Japanese encephalitis vaccine, and meningococcal meningitis vaccine. Prevent 17 infectious diseases.
24. How to rescue those who are injured and bleeding?
Answer: When injured and bleeding, the bleeding should be stopped immediately to avoid excessive bleeding that may damage health or even endanger life. Small wounds can stop bleeding with a simple bandage. For larger and deeper wounds, you can compress the blood vessels above the bleeding site (on the side of the limbs close to the heart) to stop bleeding, such as finger pressure to stop bleeding, pressure dressing to stop bleeding, tourniquet to stop bleeding, etc.
25. What are the disadvantages of overusing antibiotics
Answer: Overusing antibiotics can easily lead to drug resistance of pathogenic microorganisms, causing antibiotics to gradually lose their original efficacy and fail to cure diseases. effect. Abuse of certain antibiotics may also lead to deafness (especially in children) and imbalance of flora in the human body, which may be life-threatening in severe cases.
26. What are the dangers of frequent excessive drinking (alcoholism)?
Answer: Frequent excessive drinking will reduce appetite and food intake, leading to a variety of nutrient deficiencies. , acute and chronic alcoholism, alcoholic fatty liver, etc., which can also cause alcoholic cirrhosis in severe cases. Excessive drinking will also increase the risk of high blood pressure, stroke (stroke) and other diseases, and can lead to an increase in traffic accidents and violence, which is harmful to personal health and social stability. Alcohol consumption should be strictly prohibited.
27. Why should we drink safe and hygienic water?
Answer: Contaminated drinking water can spread intestinal infectious diseases and other diseases; when people drink water that has not been disinfected, they may You may contract diarrhea, dysentery, hepatitis A and other diseases; it may also cause poisoning; due to the influence of geological structure, the fluorine and arsenic content in drinking water in some areas is too high, and long-term drinking will cause endemic diseases such as fluorosis and arsenic poisoning. To protect your health, pay attention to drinking safe and hygienic water.
28. What are the benefits of eating a light and low-salt diet?
Answer: Excessive salt intake is closely related to the prevalence of hypertension.
Fat is one of the important sources of energy for the human body, but excessive fat intake can increase the risk of obesity, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis and other chronic diseases. You should develop the habit of eating plain and low-salt meals, that is, the meals should not be too greasy, not too salty, and do not eat too much animal foods and fried, smoked, and pickled foods.
29. What are drugs
Answer: Drugs are used to prevent, treat, and diagnose human diseases, purposefully regulate human physiological functions and have prescribed indications or functions. Indications, usage and dosage of substances include Chinese herbal medicines, Chinese herbal medicine pieces, Chinese patent medicines, chemical raw materials and their preparations, antibiotics, biochemical drugs, radioactive drugs, serum, vaccines, blood products and diagnostic drugs, etc.
30. What are the benefits of washing hands frequently?
Answer: Hand cleanliness is closely related to human health. Hands are one of the important media in the transmission of infectious diseases. Hands carrying pathogens (viruses and bacteria that cause disease, etc.) can spread pathogens to others through shaking hands, touching handrails, etc. Pathogens can also invade the body and cause infection by touching one's own eyes, mouth, and nose. Therefore, washing hands frequently with the correct method can effectively prevent infection and the spread of diseases.
31. What are the benefits of frequently opening windows for ventilation?
Answer: (1) Ultraviolet rays in sunlight can kill a variety of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, opening windows frequently to allow sunlight to enter the house can keep the room dry and reduce the chance of bacteria and mold breeding. Exposure to sunlight can improve the body's ability to absorb calcium; (2) A poorly ventilated room will increase the chance of germs and viruses spreading indoors. Therefore, by frequently opening windows for ventilation and maintaining air circulation in the house, you can avoid breathing dirty and toxic air, prevent the occurrence of respiratory infectious diseases, and maintain your health.
32. What are the clinical symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis
Answer: The clinical symptoms of pulmonary tuberculosis include general malaise, fatigue, loss of appetite, low fever, night sweats, cough, phlegm and other symptoms. Women also There are irregular menstruation, etc., and symptoms worsen in the future, with weight loss, chest pain, and even hemoptysis and difficulty breathing. Most patients have no obvious early symptoms and are often mistaken for a cold or bronchitis.
33. What are the benefits of drinking milk?
Answer: Milk food has complete nutrients, suitable nutritional composition ratio, is easy to digest and absorb, and is an excellent source of dietary calcium. Drinking milk for children and adolescents is beneficial to growth, development and bone health, thus delaying the onset of osteoporosis in adulthood; drinking milk for middle-aged and elderly people can reduce bone loss and is beneficial to bone health.
34. What are the causes of high blood pressure?
Answer: A family history of high blood pressure, overweight and obesity, high-salt diet, excessive drinking, and lack of physical activity are the causes of high blood pressure. Main risk factors: Crowding, noise, sudden temperature drops, cold, disasters and other harsh environments can increase blood pressure; strenuous exercise, dangerous work, nervousness and fatigue, excessive mental stress, excitement, anger, jealousy, and excessive sexual activity etc. can increase blood pressure.
35. What are the principles for adding complementary foods to babies?
Answer: From one type to many, from few to many, from fine to thick. Add one type first, usually egg yolk or rice flour, and then add the second type after the baby gets used to it. Start with a small amount and gradually increase. The complementary food should be introduced in the form of puree at the beginning and gradually transition to solid food. Observe whether the baby's stool is normal, and new foods should not be added while the baby is sick. The types of food added should be diversified to prevent partial eclipse and anorexia.
36. How to escape when a fire is discovered
Answer: When a fire occurs suddenly, if you are unable to put out the fire, you should ignore your property and escape quickly. Since the fire will cause the production of toxic smoke, it is important to When escaping, you should cover your mouth and nose with a damp towel or clothes, keep as low a posture as possible, and evacuate the disaster site in an orderly manner.
37. What diseases can smoking and passive smoking cause?
Answer: (1) It can cause a variety of cancers. Such as lung cancer, oral cancer, throat cancer, esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, bladder cancer, leukemia, cervical cancer, etc.; (2) It can cause a variety of cardiovascular diseases. Such as coronary heart disease, stroke, etc.;
(3) It can cause a variety of respiratory diseases.
Including dyspnea, chronic bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, etc.; (4) It can cause organ damage, leading to infertility, low birth weight and sudden death of newborns, cataracts, erectile dysfunction, osteoporosis, gastrointestinal ulcers, etc.
38. What are the benefits of regular physical examinations?
Answer: Regular physical examinations can help you understand your health status and detect health problems and diseases early so that you can change bad habits in a targeted manner. Behavioral habits to reduce health risk factors; for health problems and diseases discovered during inspections, we must seize the best opportunity to take timely measures.
39. What is the goal of the Healthy Ningxia National Action?
Answer: Popularize health publicity, equalize health education, make health literacy universal, and make Healthy Ningxia regular.
40. What are the three improvements proposed by the Healthy Ningxia National Action?
Answer: Carry out various forms of national health knowledge publicity and popularization activities to increase the public’s awareness of health concepts and basic knowledge. , healthy lifestyle and behavior formation rate, and basic skill mastery rate.
41. What are the three reductions proposed by the Healthy Ningxia National Action?
Answer: Reduce the incidence of infectious diseases, chronic diseases, endemic diseases and other diseases.
42. What to do if someone gets an electric shock?
Answer: Turn off the power immediately, or use non-conductive objects to separate the person who got the electric shock from the power source. Never come into direct contact with the body of the person receiving an electric shock to prevent the rescuer from getting an electric shock.
43. How to use a quantitative salt spoon
Answer: When using a 2-gram quantitative salt spoon, the amount of salt per flat spoon is 2 grams.
44. What does food shelf life refer to?
Answer: It refers to the period during which food quality (quality) is maintained under the conditions marked on the food label. Within this period, the food quality meets the specifications on the label or in the product standard.
45. What time period of the 24 hours a day has the highest sleep quality?
Answer: 10 pm to 4 am, this period of time has the highest sleep quality.
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