Raspberry

Fructus Rudi

(English) Palmleaf Raspberry Fruit

Also known as Zhongtianpao, Wengtuo, Milk Mother, Miao, Toba and Ou Liye

The source is the fruit of Rubus chingii Hu, a plant in the Rosaceae family.

Plant form: deciduous shrub. The new branches are slightly creeping, purple-brown, and the young branches are green, covered with white powder, and have a few barbs. The leaves are alternate, nearly round, palmately 5-lobed, occasionally 7-lobed, with irregularly serrated edges, and white pubescence on both veins; the petioles are scattered with fine spines, and the stipules are linear. The flowers are solitary in the leaf axil at the branch end; the sepals are 5, oval or oblong, covered with gray-white pubescence; the petals are 5, nearly round, white; there are many stamens, which are born on the raised receptacle. The aggregate fruit is spherical, red, pendulous, and the small drupe is densely covered with light yellowish white pubescence. The flowering period is from April to May, and the fruiting period is from June to July.

Grows on sunny slopes, roadsides, forest edges and shrubs. Mainly produced in Zhejiang and Fujian.

Harvesting: Harvest the fruits in early summer when they turn from green to green-yellow. Remove the stems and leaves, blanch them in boiling water or steam them briefly, take them out and dry them.

Characteristics: The aggregate fruit is made up of many small drupes. It is cone-shaped or oblate cone-shaped, with a height of 0.6-1.3cm and a diameter of 0.5-1.2cm. The surface is yellow-green or light brown, the top is blunt and the center of the base is concave. The calyx is brown with fruit stem scars underneath. The fruit is easy to peel off. Each fruit is half-moon shaped, with the back densely covered with gray-white hairs, obvious netting on both sides, and raised ridges on the abdomen. Light body, hard texture. The taste is slightly sour.

Chemical ingredients: Contains organic acids, sugars, ellagic acid, B-sitosterol, etc.

Nature and flavor: Warm in nature, sweet and sour in taste.

Functions and Indications: Replenishing the kidneys, fixing essence, and reducing urination. It is used for kidney deficiency and enuresis, frequent urination, impotence and premature ejaculation, and spermatorrhea and spermatorrhea.

Raspberry

("Compendium of Materia Medica")

Synonyms of raspberry ("Bie Lu"), black raspberry ("Compendium"), Small tray ("Handbook of Chinese Medicinal Materials"), Yanjizi ("Jiangxi Traditional Chinese Medicine").

The source is the immature fruits of Rosaceae plants such as raspberry and raspberry.

Plant form ① Palm leaf raspberry

Deciduous shrub, 2 to 3 meters high. The branches are thin and round, reddish brown; the young branches are green with white powder, and have sparse, slightly curved prickles, 4 to 5 mm long. The leaves are solitary or in clusters, 3 to 5 cm long, sometimes up to 7 cm, palmately 5-lobed, rarely 3-lobed, with a large central leaf, long oval or oblong, apex acuminate, often tail-shaped, two The lateral lobes are smaller, often unequal, and the edges of the lobes are heavily serrated; the main veins are 5-pointed, pubescent on the upper veins, and pubertal on the lower veins; the petioles are thin, 3 to 4.5 cm long, with very small spines; stipules 2 pieces, linear-lanceolate. The flowers are solitary at the top of the branch, with a thin pedicel, 2 to 3 cm long; the calyx is 5, persistent, oval-oblong, hairy on both sides; the petals are 5, oval; the stamens are numerous, the anthers are T-shaped, with 2 cells; There are many pistils, which are placed on the protruding receptacle. Aggregate fruit nearly spherical. Flowering period is April. The fruiting period is from June to August.

Born beside streams or in forests on hillside. Distributed in Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian and other places.

②Put it in the field and see the "rooting upside down" section.

The roots (raspberry roots), stems and leaves (raspberry leaves) of the above plants are also used for medicinal purposes, and each has its own article.

After the beginning of summer, pick the fruits when they are plump and still green. Remove the stems and leaves, soak them in boiling water for 1 to 2 minutes, and then dry them in the hot sun.

The dried aggregate fruit of medicinal materials is a collection of many small fruits, which are conical, oblate or spherical in shape, with a diameter of 4 to 9 mm and a height of 5 to 12 mm. The surface is gray-green with gray-white hairs. The upper part is blunt and the bottom is flat, with a tan involucre with 5 lobes. There are brown hairs on the involucre, and there is often a fruit stalk below, which is brittle and easy to fall off. The small fruit is easy to peel off. Each small fruit has three ribs and is half-moon shaped. The back is densely covered with gray-white hairs, and there are obvious mesh patterns on both sides. It contains 1 brown seed. The aroma is fragrant and the taste is sweet and slightly sour. The ones that are large, plump, whole-grained, firm, gray-green in color, and have no leaves or stems are preferred.

Mainly produced in Zhejiang, Fujian, Hubei and other places.

Raspberry medicinal materials are mainly the fruits of Raspberry palmatum. The fruits of Changtianpao are used in Shaanxi, Sichuan and other places. The raspberry picture recorded in "Plant Names and Facts Illustrated Research" is of this species.

In addition to the above-mentioned varieties, there are many fruits of the same plant species that are also used as raspberries, such as: Rubus raspberry (see "Rubus") used in Jiangsu; Raspberry (see "Hard raspberry") Zhiheilockume "bar") is used in Yunnan; pseudo-raspberry is used in Tibet, etc.

Chemical composition Raspberries contain organic acids, sugars and a small amount of vitamin C.

Pharmacological effects were observed using vaginal smears and endometrium sections of rats and rabbits. Raspberries seem to have estrogen-like effects.

Cook and sieve to remove ash, sort out impurities, and remove the handle.

① "Lei Gong Pao Zhi Lun": "When making raspberries, steam them with wine overnight, wash them twice with water, and dry them in the sun."

② "Outline"; "Pick raspberries, pound them into pancakes, dry them in the sun and store them closely, mix them with wine and steam them for a while, it's especially good."

Its nature and flavor are sweet, sour and flat.

① "Bie Lu": "It tastes sweet, flat, and non-toxic."

② "Qianjin·Food Treatment": "It tastes sweet and pungent, flat."

< p>③"Treatise on Properties of Medicine": "Mild heat, sweet and pungent taste."

④Meng Shen: "Sour taste."

Return to the classics "Southern Yunnan Materia Medica": "Enter the liver , Kidney Meridian "

Functions: Tonifying liver and kidney, reducing stool, supporting yang, stabilizing essence, and improving eyesight. Treats impotence, spermatorrhea, urination, drowning, fatigue, and dark eyes.

① "Bie Lu": "It is mainly used to replenish qi and lighten the body, so that the hair is not gray."

② "Treatise on the Properties of Medicine": "It is used to treat men with kidney essence deficiency, and women can eat it. Youzi. Mainly treats yin impotence. "

③"Rihuazi Materia Medica": "It calms the five internal organs, nourishes the essence, nourishes the hair, and strengthens the will."

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④ "Kaibao Materia Medica": "Tonify deficiency, strengthen yin and build yang, refresh the skin, calm the internal organs, warm the middle and strengthen the body, treat strain and wind deficiency, nourish the liver and improve eyesight."

< p>⑤ "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Benefit the kidneys and reduce defecation."

⑥ "Materia Medica Mengquan": "Cure kidney injury, exhaustion of essence and slippery fluid."

⑦" "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Treatment of tiredness, fatigue, liver and kidney qi deficiency, aversion to cold, kidney qi deficiency and reverse cough, flaccidity, constipation, diarrhea, redness and white turbidity, crane's knee wind, all kinds of blood syndrome and eye diseases."

Usage and dosage Oral administration: decoction, 1.5 to 2 yuan: soak in wine, boil into ointment, or form into pills or powder.

It is advisable to avoid taking it with caution if there is fire due to kidney deficiency or short and astringent urine.

① "Compendium of Materia Medica": "It is contraindicated if strong yang persists."

② "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Syndrome of kidney heat and yin deficiency, dryness of blood and scant blood." "

③"Compendium of Materia Medica": "Do not take it if you have trouble urinating."

Choose prescriptions: 1. Treat impotence: raspberries, soaked in wine, roasted and ground. At the end of the day, three qian is required for each drink. ("Binhu Collection of Simple Prescriptions")

② Add essence and marrow, soothe kidney qi, regardless of the deficiency and excess of the lower Jiao, cold and heat. Taking it can calm secretions: 8 liang of wolfberry seeds, 8 liang of dodder seeds (wine) Steam and pound into cakes), 2 taels of Schisandra chinensis (ground), 4 taels of raspberries (wash with wine, remove the eyes). Two liang of Plantago Seeds (yangjing), add medicine, select the fresh ones, roast and dry them, make them into fine powder, make honey pills, the size of Wutong Seeds is the best. Each time, take ninety pills hollow, fifty pills when you go to bed, give it with Baibo soup or salt soup, and take it with warm wine in winter. ("Wuzi Yanzong Pills" in "Multiple Prescriptions for Preserving Health")

③Treatment of lung deficiency and cold: Take the juice of raspberries and decoct them into fruit. Still add less honey, or boil them into a thin paste and take it orally. ("Compendium of Materia Medica")

Explanation by famous experts ① "Compendium": "Raspberry and fennel have similar functions. Although they are two things, they are actually one kind and two kinds. One ripens early and the other ripens late. , it’s okay to use both. Its tonic effect is the same as that of mulberry. "

② "Compendium of Materia Medica": "Raspberries are mainly used to benefit Qi. Yes. The kidney stores essence and absorbs qi. If the essence and qi are sufficient, the body will be light and the hair will not be white. Su Gong is responsible for replenishing deficiency and strengthening yang, rejuvenating the skin, and calming the internal organs of men. If the essence is exhausted and the yin is impotent, women should take it to nourish the five internal organs, nourish the essence, grow hair, and strengthen the will. "

③ "Materia Medica Tongxuan": "Raspberry, sweet and flat, enters the kidneys, activates yang and cures impotence, consolidates essence and absorbs intoxication, strengthens the kidneys without the tendency of dryness and heat, consolidates essence without causing the harm of astringency, and is the product of gold and jade." "

④ "Book of Materia Medica": "Raspberry, the prescription is used to treat fatigue and fatigue and other syndromes, or to nourish the kidney yang, or tonify the kidney yin, or to nourish the essence and blood, whichever is appropriate. All the masters can help each other.

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⑤"Ben Cao Zhengyi": "Raspberry is a medicine that nourishes true yin. It has a slightly sour taste and can absorb the dissipated yin energy to produce semen. Therefore, Emperor Kou Zongshi said that it nourishes the kidneys and reduces defecation. When you take it, you should cover the drowning device. Although the words are echoed, they are still reasonable. "Ben Jing" mainly regulates the five internal organs, and the internal organs are yin. All the seeds are solid and can replenish the middle part of the body. Moreover, they have the power of absorbing acid, so they can replenish the yin of the five internal organs and benefit the essence and qi. All the seeds are heavy, most of them can benefit the kidneys, and this one is specialized in kidney yin, can strengthen the kidney qi, strengthen the will and strength, and have the effect of nourishing the kidney yin. "Bielu" "Invigorates Qi and lightens the body, and prevents hair from becoming white", which is still the meaning of "Ben Jing". However, it is specifically designed to nourish yin, not to help yang. "Ben Jing" and "Bielu" do not mention warmth. They think that it is slightly warm and slightly hot, which are all conjectures of later generations. Just like all kidney-tonifying medicines are warm medicines, I don't know. Kidney yin and kidney yang, each medicine has its own specialty. To nourish true yin, it must not be a warming medicine. "