Sodium ion:

1, sodium is the main positively charged ion in the extracellular fluid, participating in water metabolism, to ensure the balance of water in the body.　

2, maintain the balance of acid and alkali in the body.　

3. It is a component of pancreatic juice, bile, sweat and tears.　

4, participate in the regulation of the heart muscle and nervous function.

Chloride ions:

1. Chloride channels are found in many cells, and they are mainly responsible for controlling the membrane potential as well as the cell volume of resting cells.

2, In membrane systems, chloride ions in specialized neurons modulate the actions of glycine and gamma-aminobutyric acid.

3, Chloride ions are also associated with maintaining acid-base balance in the blood.

4. The kidney is the organ that regulates the level of chloride ions in the blood.

5. Dysregulation of chloride transport can lead to a number of pathological changes, the most well-known being cystic fibrosis, which is caused by mutations in CFTR, a chloride transport protein in the plasma membrane.

Expanded Information

Health Effects of Sodium Surplus and Deficiency

Because virtually all foods contain some sodium, sodium deficiency is rarely a problem. However, sodium deficiency can occur when consuming a strict vegetarian diet with no added salt or when there is prolonged excessive sweating, diarrhea, vomiting and adrenal cortex deficiency.

Sodium deficiency can cause slow growth, loss of appetite, weight loss due to water loss, decreased milk production in nursing mothers, muscle cramps, nausea, diarrhea and headaches.

In addition, excessive sweating and salt deficiency can simultaneously deplete calories, in which case salt tablets and plenty of fluids should be taken. Excessive dietary sodium over a long period of time will lead to high blood pressure, and if salt is mistakenly given to infants and young children as sugar, it may lead to death.

Reference:

References: