Initial consonants: B, P, M, F, D, T, N, L, π, K, H, J, Q, X, zh, ch, sh, R, Z, C, S, Y, W;

Vowels: a, o, e, I, u, ü, ai, ei, ui, ao, ou, iu, ie, üe, er, an, en, in, un, ün, an, en, in, etc.

Characteristics of Chinese Pinyin:

1, only 26 letters are used internationally, and no new letters are added;

2. Try not to use additional symbols (only use two additional symbols);

3. Try not to change reading;

4. The semi-vowels I, U and U at the beginning of syllables are represented by three letters: Y, W and yu, which have the function of sound insulation;

5. Use four double letters zh, ch, sh, NG;

6. Four tone symbols are used to represent four tone categories: flat, rising, rising and falling;

7. Use the common alphabetical order of Latin letters to determine the names of Chinese phonetic letters.