24 solar term song:
The spring rain shocks the spring and clears the valley, and the summer is full of mountains and summer heat.
Autumn is exposed, autumn is cold and frost, and winter snow is small and winter is cold.
The two festivals are unchanged every month, with a difference of one or two days at most.
In the first half of the year, it will be June 21, and in the second half, it will be August 23.
24 solar terms custom:
Beginning of spring: "Beating cattle" means persuading farmers to plough in spring and praying for a bumper harvest. According to legend, the Duke of Zhou made beginning of spring native cattle. In addition to playing spring, there is also the custom of biting spring on this day, that is, eating spring cakes, spring dishes, biting radishes and so on.
Rain: Daughters who got married on this day brought gifts back to their parents' homes to visit their parents. Women who have given birth to children must bring gifts such as cans of meat and chairs to thank their parents for their kindness.
Scared sting: (1) Sacrificing the white tiger to resolve right and wrong: it is a white tiger painted with paper for worship. Paper tigers are generally yellow and black with a pair of fangs painted at the corners. When offering sacrifices, you need to feed it with the blood of a fat pig, so that it won't hurt people after eating, and then put raw pork on the mouth of a paper tiger to make it full of oil and water, and you can't open your mouth to tell people right and wrong; (2) "Beating villains" to drive away bad luck: In ancient times, people would smoke the four corners of their homes with fragrance and wormwood to drive away snakes, insects, mosquitoes, rats and musty smells. Over time, it gradually evolved into the habit of those who are unhappy slapping their opponents and driving away bad luck, which is the predecessor of "beating villains".
Vernal Equinox: On this day, there will be activities such as laying eggs, sending pictures of spring cows, sticking birds' mouths and offering spring festivals.
Qingming: In addition to prohibiting fire and sweeping graves, there are also a series of folk sports activities such as jogging, swinging, playing cuju, playing polo and inserting willows.
Grain Rain: (1) Banning the killing of five poisons: farmers put up Grain Rain stickers while entering the fields to kill insects, and prayed to drive away the evil spirits; (2) Grain Rain is popular among fishermen to offer sacrifices to the sea: Grain Rain season is the time when the sea is warm in spring, and it is a good day for hundreds of fish to go to the shallow sea. (3) Go to Grain Rain: In ancient times, there was a custom of "going to Grain Rain". On this day, young women in Grain Rain went to visit relatives in the village or went for a walk in the wild, which implied the integration of nature and physical fitness; (4) Drinking Grain Rain tea: It is said that drinking tea in Grain Rain on this day will clear fire, ward off evil spirits and improve eyesight, so there is a custom of picking tea in Grain Rain in the south; (5) Eating Toona sinensis in Grain Rain: In the north, there is a custom of eating Toona sinensis in Grain Rain; 6. Grain Rain's offering sacrifices to Cang Xie, Wen Zu, and "Grain Rain's offering sacrifices to Cang Xie" is a folk tradition that has spread for thousands of years since the Han Dynasty.
Long summer: On this day in long summer, the ancient emperors will lead hundreds of civil and military officials to the southern suburbs of Beijing to welcome the summer and hold a ceremony to welcome the summer. The monarch and his subjects all wear red ceremonial clothes with red jade ornaments, and even horses and car flags should be red to express their desire for a bumper harvest and good wishes. In the court, "ice is opened in summer and given to ministers of civil and military affairs". Ice was stored last winter and given to officials by the emperor. In the folk, people drink cold drinks to cool off in summer. In summer, there is a custom of cooking tender broad beans in Jiangnan water town.
Xiaoman: There is a saying that "Xiaoman moves three cars" in the south of the Yangtze River. The so-called "three cars" are waterwheels, spinning wheels and oil trucks. Xiaoman is the season of topdressing early rice and transplanting middle rice in the south of the Yangtze River. If the field is not full of water, it will cause the ridge to dry and it will be impossible to transplant rice, so people will use manpower or animal power to drive the waterwheel to irrigate the paddy field.
Ear seed: the flower god greets the flower god at the Flower Festival on the second day of the second lunar month. In southern Anhui, there will be an Miao's agricultural custom activities, which began in the early Ming Dynasty, praying for a bumper harvest of grain and the safety of villagers.
Summer Solstice: Cold noodles are generally eaten in all parts of Shandong Province, commonly known as over the water, and there is a proverb "Winter Solstice jiaozi Summer Solstice Noodles". In Guangdong, people like to nourish and eat cold food in summer to escape the heat.
Slight summer heat: There is a folk proverb: "jiaozi lies on one's head, but lies on two's face, and pancakes spread eggs on three's feet". From this day on, I entered the dog days. Therefore, it is a traditional custom to eat jiaozi head first. Xuzhou people eat mutton in ambush, which is called eating mutton in ambush. This custom can be traced back to the Yao and Shun period.
Summer heat: Guangdong proverb: Eat fairy grass in the summer heat in June, live like a fairy and never get old. Fairy grass is "bean jelly grass", and people in Putian, Fujian want to eat litchi, mutton and rice grains to "spend the summer". There is a traditional tonic method in central Hunan and northern Hunan, which is to eat young chickens in the summer. Southeast Hunan also has the custom of eating ginger in summer. "Eating radish in winter and ginger in summer does not require a doctor to prescribe."
Beginning of autumn: The main customs in beginning of autumn are: beginning of autumn Festival, autumn touching, autumn busy parties, autumn fat pasting and other folk popular days. People are weighed by hanging scales in beginning of autumn, and their weights are compared with those in long summer.
Summer vacation: before and after the summer vacation, there will be folk activities to celebrate Zhongyuan, commonly known as "making July and a half" or "Zhongyuan Festival". People often gather around rivers and lakes to set off river lanterns, in order to ferry drowning ghosts and other lonely ghosts in the water. There is a custom of brewing Bailu rice wine in the south. Bailu rice wine is made of glutinous rice, sorghum and other grains, which is slightly sweet, so it is called "Bailu rice wine".
Bailu: Sacrifice to Yu Wang: The Bailu season is the day when people in Taihu Lake offer sacrifices to Yu Wang. While offering sacrifices to Yu Wang, they also offer sacrifices to land gods, flower gods, silkworm flower girls, door gods, house gods and Jiang Taigong.
Autumnal Equinox: (1) Vertical egg: It means to erect the egg. It is the best time to erect the egg when it grows well at the autumnal equinox. (2) Sacrifice to the Moon: In ancient times, the autumnal equinox was also called the Festival of Sacrifice to the Moon, and there will be activities to sacrifice to the Moon on this day.
Cold dew: Therefore, it includes the Double Ninth Festival, so there are climbing activities. At the same time, we should also eat flower cakes. Because "Gao" and "Gao" are homophonic, we should call cakes "Chongyang Flower Cake", which means "rising step by step".
First frost: (1) Chrysanthemum viewing: first frost season is the time when autumn chrysanthemums are in full bloom, and many places in China will hold chrysanthemum parties at this time; (2) Eat persimmons: As the saying goes: "first frost eats persimmons and will not have a runny nose." Shandong Agricultural Proverbs: Sorghum in summer, Bailu Valley, and radish in first frost.
Beginning of winter: (1) Eat jiaozi: Every day in beginning of winter, people in northern China will eat jiaozi on this day; (2) Sacrificing ancestors to heaven to celebrate the harvest: In ancient times, people held activities to worship ancestors on the day of beginning of winter, thanking God for his gift.
Xiaoxue: (1) Cured bacon: There is a custom of "curing in winter and storing it to protect against winter" in southern China; (2) Eating Ciba: There is a saying that "in October, Ciba Lu Lu Shao"; (3) Dried fish: Fishermen on the seashore in south-central Taiwan Province will dry dried fish and store dry food after the light snow begins.
Heavy snow: curing "salty goods": there is a saying among the people in northern Shandong that "the road is full of doors and only drinks red sticky porridge"; In old Nanjing, there is a saying that "light snow pickled vegetables, heavy snow pickled meat". As soon as the solar term of heavy snow arrives, every household is busy pickling "salty goods".
Winter Solstice: (1) Sacrifice to ancestors: In recent years, due to the characteristics of solar terms, "the sun is shining in the winter solstice, and the sun is rising in the heavens and the earth", the ancients thought that since the winter solstice, the sun is growing stronger and stronger, representing the beginning of the next cycle, which is a good day. Therefore, some parts of southern China have the holiday custom of offering sacrifices to gods and ancestors on the winter solstice; (2) Eating dumplings: In the northern part of China, jiaozi is an essential holiday meal every year on the winter solstice of the Lunar New Year, regardless of the family's wealth. As the proverb goes, "On October 1st, when the winter solstice comes, every family eats dumplings." The origin of this custom is because Zhang Zhongjing, a "medical sage", gave up medicine on the winter solstice.
Xiaohan: (1) Eat vegetable rice: Nanjing pays attention to eating vegetable rice; (2) Glutinous rice: Guangdong mainly pays attention to eating glutinous rice.
Great Cold: Eating Laba porridge: In the great cold solar terms, there is a very important day for northerners-Laba, that is, the eighth day of December in the lunar calendar. On this day, people cook a pot of sweet and delicious "Laba porridge" with whole grains and peanuts, chestnuts, red dates and lotus seeds.
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Seasonal and monthly solar terms table:
References:
Baidu Encyclopedia-24 solar term song, Baidu Encyclopedia-24 solar terms