1. Scrophulariaceae (scientific name: Scrophularia ningpoensis Hemsl.) is a plant of the Scrophulariaceae family and the genus Scrophulariaceae. Tall herb, up to more than 1 meter. There are several branches and roots, which are spindle-shaped or carrot-shaped and enlarged, and can reach more than 3 cm in thickness. The stem is quadrangular, with shallow grooves, wingless or with extremely narrow wings, hairless or with more or less white curly hairs, and often branched. The leaves are mostly opposite and have stalks in the lower part of the stem, and the upper ones are sometimes alternate and have very short stalks, with the stalks being as long as 4.5 cm. The inflorescence is a large and scattered panicle, composed of terminal and axillary cymes, up to 50 cm long, but in smaller plants, it is less than 10 cm long. 3-30 mm long, with glandular hairs; flowers brown-purple, calyx 2-3 mm long, rounded lobes, slightly membranous edges. Capsule ovate, 8-9 mm long with short beak. The flowering period is from June to October, and the fruiting period is from September to November.

2. Scrophulariaceae is a specialty of China. It is a species with wide distribution and large variation. It is produced in Hebei (southern), Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi (southern), Hubei, Anhui, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guizhou, Sichuan. It grows in bamboo forests, streams, jungles and tall grass below 1,700 meters above sea level.

3. The dried roots of Scrophulariaceae are commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. They are slightly cold in nature and taste sweet, bitter and salty. It has the effects of cooling blood, nourishing yin, purging fire and detoxifying. It is used for diseases such as febrile disease damaging yin, red tongue and polydipsia, warm poison causing spots, body fluid damage and constipation, bone steaming and cough, red eyes, sore throat, scrofula, diphtheria, carbuncle and sore.