Colitis, also known as non-specific ulcerative colitis, has a slow onset and varies in severity, with diarrhea as the main symptom, and discharge of pus and blood stools, mucous blood stools, or blood stools, often accompanied by an acute and severe condition, characterized by abdominal pain → bowel movement → defecation → relief. Abdominal pain is usually vague or colicky, often located in the left lower abdomen or abdomen. Other manifestations include loss of appetite, abdominal distension, nausea, vomiting and hepatomegaly; there may be pressure pain in the left lower abdomen, and sometimes the spastic colon can be touched. Common systemic symptoms include lethargy, fatigue, fever and anemia. There are a small number of patients in the chronic course of the disease, the condition of the sudden deterioration or the first onset of a violent, manifested by severe diarrhea, 10-30 times a day, discharging feces containing blood, pus, mucus, and high fever, vomiting, tachycardia, exhaustion, loss of water, electrolyte disorders, coma and even perforation of the colon, untimely treatment can lead to death.
[edit]Etiology of colitis
I, autoimmune reaction: most scholars believe that this disease belongs to autoimmune disease. Because this disease is complicated by autoimmune disease (such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia) more, adrenocorticotropic hormone can make the condition of remission, in some patients in the serum can be detected anti-colonic epithelial cell antibodies, so that the occurrence of this disease may be associated with autoimmune reaction. In addition, some patients infected with intestinal bacteria, can be with the colon epithelial cell antigen of the immune response, damage to the colonic mucosa, and the patient's lymphocytes have cytotoxic effect on fetal colon epithelial cells, suggesting that the suspicion that the occurrence of colitis may also be related to cellular immune abnormalities.
Two, infection: the pathological changes and clinical manifestations of this disease are similar to some colon infectious diseases (such as bacillary dysentery), and thus some people believe that infection is the cause of this disease. Among the various factors such as bacteria, fungi and viruses, current research suggests that viruses are more likely.
Third, heredity: the disease's blood family has a higher incidence, according to the European and American literature, ulcerative colitis patient's immediate blood relatives, about 15-30% of the people with the disease. In addition twin studies have shown that monozygotes are more likely to develop the disease than dizygotes, suggesting that the development of the disease may be related to genetic factors.
Four, neuropsychiatric factors: some people believe that mental factors play a role in the onset of the disease, the patient has certain character traits, for the life of the major events of the psychological capacity and adaptability is poor, belongs to the category of psychosomatic diseases, psychosomatic diseases emphasize the heart factors in the occurrence of the disease or the course of the disease plays an important role in some people will be listed as a psychosomatic disease 7 diseases, that is, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis. ulcerative colitis, essential hypertension, neurodermatitis, hyperthyroidism and duodenal ulcer. More diseases may now be classified as psychosomatic.
Now the society lives in a fast-paced, more and more people slowly suffer from this disease, please experts to pay for this disease has the efficacy of the prescription, for the majority of patients to solve this disease.
[Edit Paragraph]Main clinical symptoms
The majority of the disease starts slowly, a few can be acute. The course of the disease is chronic, prolonged for several years to more than ten years, there are often episodes alternating with remission or persistent gradual aggravation, and occasionally acute outbreaks, clinical manifestations:
(1) a large number of blood in the stool: a large number of intestinal bleeding within a short period of time, accompanied by increased pulse, blood pressure drop and blood color in addition to the low, the need for transfusion therapy.
(2) intestinal stenosis: clinical generally asymptomatic, serious cases can cause intestinal obstruction, in this disease appears intestinal stenosis, be alert to the tumor.
(3) Intestinal perforation: corticosteroid application is considered a risk factor for intestinal perforation.
(4) Toxic dilatation: this is a serious morbidity in this disease, occurring most often in people with total colitis, with a mortality rate that can be as high as 44%, and is prone to be complicated by intestinal perforation.
(5) Colorectal cancer: cancer occurs in about 5% of cases
(6) Diarrhea: due to inflammatory stimulation, the degree of severity varies, diarrhea is the most important symptom of the disease. In mild cases, diarrhea is the most important symptom of the disease. In mild cases, diarrhea occurs 3-4 times a day, which is soft or mushy, and may be mixed with mucus and pus and blood; in severe cases, it occurs dozens of times or alternates with constipation.
(7) Abdominal pain: mild patients have no abdominal pain or only abdominal discomfort. Generally there is mild to moderate abdominal pain, the Department of the left lower abdominal paroxysm, can involve the whole abdomen has the ability to a bowel movement after the relief of the pattern.
(8) constipation: constipation 4-5 days once defecation, feces such as sheep's wool, or even do not eat laxatives can not pass stool.
(9) other symptoms: abdominal distension, emaciation, fatigue, intestinal chirping, insomnia, dreaminess, fear of cold, severe cases have may be fever, rapid heartbeat, as well as debility, anemia, water loss, electrolyte balance nudging and nutritional disorders and other manifestations.
[edit]Colitis diagnosis
In daily life, colitis is better to confirm, such as diarrhea unshaped stools, abdominal pain, intestinal chirping, constipation, mucus stools and pus and blood stools, the disease just started taking sulfonamides and antibiotics can control the condition of the disease, many times after the recurrence of the disease, the use of this drug is very ineffective, it should be to the local hospital to ask the specialist to help diagnose. 1993, the National Symposium on Chronic Non-Infectious Bowel Diseases, a national symposium on chronic non-infectious bowel diseases. In 1993, the National Symposium on Chronic Non-infectious Intestinal Diseases, combined with the situation in our country to formulate 3 trial diagnostic criteria:
(1) ulcerative colitis need to be ruled out bacterial dysentery, azombic colitis and other etiological causes of colitis.
(2) have recurrent diarrhea, abdominal pain, mucus, pus and other typical clinical manifestations, at least one of the colonoscopy "X-ray" characteristic changes.
(3) Atypical clinical presentation, but with typical colonoscopic or X-ray findings or mucosal biopsy histology.
[edit]Clinical typing of colitis
The clinical typing of colitis is beneficial to treatment and prognosis, and is divided into the following four types according to the clinical manifestations and clinical course of the disease:
(1) Mild type: the most common, slow onset of the disease, mild symptoms, mild diarrhea, less than four times a day, and alternating with constipation, stools do not contain or only a small amount of blood mucus no Systemic symptoms, lesions are mostly confined to the rectum and sigmoid colon, and the blood condition is normal.
(2) Moderate type: between mild and severe, diarrhea more than 4 times a day, and mild systemic symptoms.
(3) Severe type: fever, lethargy, lethargy, anemia and other systemic manifestations of diarrhea more than 6 times a day, bloody stools or mucous pus and blood stools.
(4) Violent type: rare.
[edit]Chinese medicine typing of chronic enteritis
Chinese medicine understanding: it is believed that most of the colitis is induced by dampness and heat congestion, spleen and kidney yang deficiency, qi and blood deficiency, qi stagnation and blood stasis, dietary disorders, overwork, and mental factors. I after more than 20 years of clinical experience and many experts *** with the efforts to summarize a more complete set of unique Chinese medicine typing treatment, so in the clinic to achieve peculiar efficacy, and thus the cure of colitis and prevention of colon cancer has a certain role.
(1) Diarrhea type: diarrhea, unformed stools, abdominal pain, blood in stools, mucus stools, pus and blood in stools, intestinal sounds and bowel movements, incomplete, acute and severe, accompanied by emaciation, fatigue, cold, dizziness and so on. (This type is the easiest to treat, generally 20-60 days can be cured)
(2) constipation type: constipation, such as goat poop, defecation, or even a few days can not pass stools, a portion of the patients had a history of long-term diarrhea, accompanied by abdominal pain, lethargy, dry mouth, abdominal distension anemia and other symptoms, prone to malignant changes. (Treatment generally 30-60 days)
(3) diarrhea and constipation alternating type: dry and loose stools, mucus, blood in stools, accompanied by abdominal pain, abdominal distension and other symptoms. (Treatment usually 20-60 days)
[edit]Treatment of colitis
Chronic colitis is an autoimmune disease, which may be related to certain pathogen infections, genetics and psychiatric factors, most of them have a long course of the disease, and it is difficult to be cured, especially ulcerative colitis, the stool with mucus and pus and blood, and the patient is in great pain, and these symptoms can not be solved by regulating the spleen and stomach, strengthening the spleen and the intestine. These symptoms can not be solved by regulating the spleen and stomach, strengthening the spleen and intestines can be solved, but should be cold and heat through the tonic, strengthen the spleen and the middle, Supervise yin and yang, you can fundamentally treat enteritis.
Shandong patient Liu, abdominal pain and diarrhea for 5 years, taking a lot of Chinese and Western medicines, the beginning of the effect, the more the effect of the worse, some of the drugs taken to alleviate the recurrence of drug withdrawal. At the time of consultation, the patient's diarrhea was aggravated, with mucus in the stool, 5-6 times a day, acute and severe, with burning sensation in the anus after defecation, diet was still good, but he had to go to the toilet after eating, and he couldn't control his bowels when he moved a little bit slowly, and his body was gradually losing weight, and his whole body was weak. The tongue was red, the moss was white and greasy, and the pulse was weak. According to the condition, the patient was treated with strengthening the spleen, dispelling dampness, cold and heat through the tonic method. After taking 15 doses of the medicine, the number of stools was reduced to 3 times a day, but there was still mucus and it was not shaped, and on the basis of the original formula, the patient was given kidney tonic medicine, and after taking 15 doses of the medicine, the stools basically returned to normal. The patient thought that it was completely well, did not consolidate the treatment, but because of dietary disorders and the recurrence of the disease, stools 3-4 times a day, basically the same as before, but the reaction is lighter, still using the original formula plus fried barley 30g, followed by 15 doses, stools basically back to normal, and then take 15 doses, completely back to normal, and so far no relapse.
The treatment of colitis medication, the key is in the formula, the number of stools does not necessarily use tonic drugs, to identify the evidence and identify the combination of disease, spleen and in and through the tonic general combination, both to support the right, but also to eliminate the evil, to support the right is to treat the root cause, to eliminate the evil is to eliminate the inflammation, such as the "Yongcang Huling diarrhea capsule" effect is very good.
[edit]Dietary regulation of patients with colitis
One, rest: rest has a great deal of benefit to the disease, especially for patients in the active phase to emphasize adequate rest, reduce the mental and physical burden. With the improvement of the condition can gradually increase the amount of activity, but generally should avoid heavy physical activity.
Two, diet and nutrition: diarrhea should pay attention to supplemental nutrition, but also to reduce the appropriate dietary fiber content, like leeks, celery, garlic clover, etc., to use a less residue diet, in order to alleviate the high-fiber content may be brought to the colonic mucosa of mechanical damage. On the issue of drinking milk in patients with colitis, depends on drinking milk with or without diarrhea aggravation, because ulcerative colitis patients may be allergic to cow's milk protein, on the other hand, some patients may be due to intestinal lactase deficiency serving milk diarrhea. In our country, people with lactase deficiency than in the West for more, therefore, the diarrhea period of inflammatory bowel disease patients should be carefully asked whether there is a history of allergy to cow's milk, limit the intake of dairy products, and sometimes have the effect of stopping the diarrhea.
Because of diarrhea and blood, chronic underfeeding and malabsorption of nutrients and other factors, the patient may have iron deficiency, folic acid deficiency or anemia, should be given the appropriate amount of supplementation. Generally can be supplemented orally or by injection, the use of qi to strengthen the spleen, nourish the blood and tonifying the kidney Chinese medicine can also increase the physical and nutritional purposes, but do not indiscriminate supplementation, to be dialectical use of medication. Long-term diarrhea, to supplement calcium and magnesium, zinc and other trace elements.
Three, correct the water and electrolyte balance disorders: severe patients due to a large number of diarrhea, fever, easy to have dehydration, water and salt metabolism disorders and low potassium, especially with a large number of hormone therapy, urinary potassium excretion increased, more likely to lead to hypokalemia, and hypokalemia can induce toxic intestinal dilatation, therefore, the patient should be in the guidance of the doctor to use the drug, more attention to the reaction after the use of drugs. Outpatients with water and electrolyte balance disorders due to aggravation of their condition should be hospitalized in time so that they can receive timely intravenous supplementation of water, sodium chloride and potassium salts to correct water and acid-base balance disorders.
There are the following points for your reference!
1. Less fiber, low-fat food has the role of promoting intestinal peristalsis, stimulate the intestinal wall, but not easy to digest, the intestinal tract is not good, so it should be limited. More oil and fatty foods, in addition to not easy to digest, its slippery bowel effect and can make diarrhea worse, so frying, cooking, frying and fat meat and cooking oil should control the amount.
2. Pay attention to supplement protein and vitamins. In the daily diet should be used in some easily digestible high-quality protein foods, such as fish, eggs, soy products and vitamin-rich fresh young leafy vegetables. It is best to consume vegetable juice to reduce the intake of fiber, because the digestion and absorption function of patients with chronic enteritis is poor, and they should adopt easy-to-digest semi-fluid and less residue diet and small amount of multiple meals to increase nutrition and improve symptoms. When the acute attack of chronic colitis, should eat porridge, refined rice and noodles, fish and shrimp, eggs and soy products and easy to digest food, in order to allow the intestinal tract to rest.
3. Chronic enteritis, such as dehydration and low sodium phenomenon, should be timely supplementation of light saline, consumption of vegetable leaf soup to replenish water, salt and vitamin loss.
4. Exhaustion, diarrhea is too strong, should eat less sugar and easy to produce fermentation of food: such as potatoes, beans, milk and so on.
5. Persimmons, pomegranates, apples contain tannins and pectin components, are astringent anti-diarrhea effect, chronic colitis can be consumed in moderation.
6. Chronic enteritis patients are weak, poor resistance, especially the gastrointestinal tract is prone to concurrent infections, and therefore should pay more attention to dietary hygiene, do not eat cold, hard and spoiled food, forbidding alcohol and spicy irritating condiments.
7. Patients with chronic colitis should also closely observe their own adaptability to various foods and pay attention to individual differences. Some of the intestinal tract should not be affected by the food, such as eggs, milk, etc., but after eating diarrhea aggravated, allergens can not be distinguished, so found that the problem, we must find out the reasons, feel the law, try not to eat.
Acute and chronic recurring diarrhea in addition to taking "Yongcang Huling antidiarrheal capsule" positive treatment, dietary regulation is also very important. Dietary regulation can reduce the burden on the stomach and intestines, promote intestinal mucosal repair, in the process of medication, through dietary regulation, supplying the intestinal tract with sufficient nutrients, improve the nutritional status, to avoid stimulation, so that the intestinal tract to get the appropriate rest, is conducive to early recovery, shorten the course of treatment with medication.
Therefore, the dietary principles for patients with acute and chronic colitis are
1, the food should be easily digestible, soft and less residue, no irritation is appropriate. Less residue food can reduce intestinal peristalsis, so that diarrhea can be relieved, can eat eggs, fine noodles, rotten rice porridge. Foods containing more crude fiber and fruits and vegetables are eaten as little as possible.
2, chronic colitis of long duration, often recurring, in order to improve the nutritional status and intestinal environment, to give high protein, high calorie diet. It should also be in the supply of food rich in vitamins, inorganic salts and trace elements, especially food rich in vitamin C, vitamin B and iron to replenish physical strength and nourish the body.
3, eat more of this antidiarrheal effect of food to alleviate diarrhea, and then through the "Yongcang Huling antidiarrheal capsule" comprehensive treatment is conducive to early recovery. Such as: amaranth, Coix lacryma, lentils, yam, hawthorn, plums, apples, lychee, lotus seeds, glutinous rice, round-grained rice, Tsi Shi, lotus root, ham, chicken, pepper, etc.
4, appropriate control of fat. Do not use more oil food and fried food in the meal. Cooking to use less oil, using methods such as steaming, blanching, braising, stewing. Avoid eating lard, suet, butter, butter, walnuts and other fatty foods, so as not to aggravate diarrhea.
5, avoid eating gas-producing food. This disease due to repeated episodes, in the colonic mucosa, ulcers, scar fibers alternately, thus reducing the elasticity of the inner wall of the colon, if more eaten soybeans, soy products, fried fava beans, white potatoes and other flatulence food, may lead to intestinal gas filling and acute intestinal dilatation or ulcers perforation and other complications.
6, avoid cold fruits and vegetables. Most of the patients with this disease are spleen and stomach deficiency, kidney Yang weakness, if you eat more cold food, cold fruits, such as a variety of cold drinks, chilled food, pears, watermelon, oranges, citrus, bananas, tomatoes, mussels, sea cucumbers, lily soup, etc., will further damage the spleen and kidney yang qi, so that the spleen and stomach movement is weak, cold and dampness within the stop, and at the same time, the nature of these foods itself is slippery, it will aggravate the diarrhea and abdominal pain.
7, avoid eating milk and seafood. Diarrhea patients consume milk, condensed milk, shrimp, seafood, etc. prone to colon allergy, resulting in diarrhea aggravation. In addition, honey and its products have laxative effect, so it can not be consumed.