Administration method
Preparatory work/about to start work
Smooth round tweezers, smooth spoon, toothpick, cotton swab, 1 ml syringe, prepare drugs or potions, and prepare some multi-dimensional nutrient solution or multi-dimensional nutrient particles.
Powdered drugs can be wrapped into small balls with a little steamed bread for later use.
First, for turtles with appetite, wrap the medicine bag with bait and let the turtles eat it themselves.
Second, for turtles that have already gone on hunger strike, compulsory feeding is adopted.
The medicine feeder sits on the short stool chair, erects the turtle, with the abdominal armor facing right, and clamps the turtle with the inner thigh, so that the turtle cannot escape. Gently open your mouth with the smooth rounded side of the tweezers, and immediately stick it in your mouth with a smooth spoon.
1. Hold the medicine with tweezers, send it into the mouth, push the medicine into the deep part of the mouth with a cotton swab, take out the spoon, and then gently hold the upper and lower palates with your thumb and forefinger. At this time, the tortoise will stretch its neck to swallow medicine, and pay attention to the direction of its neck movement.
2. Inhale the prepared liquid medicine into a one-milliliter syringe, send the syringe into the mouth, and slowly inject the liquid medicine to prevent choking into the trachea.
3. Replenish water and nutrition according to the above method.
Third, for smaller individuals, choose toothpicks to open their mouths. Other methods are as above.
Articles on injection methods
Preparatory work/about to start work
Iodine, alcohol, cotton swab, 1-5 ml syringe (selected according to the size of soft-shelled turtle), 0.45th needle.
Prepare the liquid medicine, inhale the syringe and push out the air for later use.
note:
1. Use disposable syringes and needles, and don't reuse them.
2, reusable syringes and needles, strict high temperature disinfection.
3. It is best to use disposable syringes and needles for intraperitoneal injection to prevent infection.
intramuscular injection
Injection point: hind leg thigh. The muscles of the forelimbs and arms are plump.
Disinfect with iodine, and then remove iodine with alcohol. After that, the needle penetrates the subcutaneous muscle at an angle of 10- 15 degrees, and the depth is 4-10 mm. According to the size of the turtle, a turtle of 500 grams is about 5 mm, and the medicine is injected slowly. Immediately after the needle is pulled out, press the needle hole with a cotton swab for a moment to prevent bleeding and reverse osmosis of drugs.
Note: the needle should not stay between the skin and the muscle, otherwise it will bulge locally after injection.
For intramuscular injection of the thigh root, the ventral surface of the limb is selected to insert the needle.
Intraperitoneal injection
Injection point: the depression after pulling out the hind leg.
Let the tortoise's abdomen face up and lie on his knees together. The first third of the tortoise's body is suspended, which makes her head lose focus. Slowly pull out the turtle leg and straighten it. Hold the leg firmly with the middle finger, ring finger and little finger of the left hand. The thumb and forefinger of her left hand control the instep nails at the base of her leg. Disinfect the depression with iodine. After removing iodine with alcohol, the syringe in the right hand enters the needle along the leg direction, making an angle of 30 degrees with the leg limb. The needle enters the abdominal cavity about 8 mm, and the medicine is injected slowly.
note:
1. The depth of needle penetration into abdominal cavity is 4-5mm for small soft-shelled turtle, 8mm for middle soft-shelled turtle and 0/0-16 mm for big soft-shelled turtle.
2, the needle angle should not exceed 45 degrees, to prevent injection into the fascia, causing limb disability.
Suggested article
A, the use of oral antibiotics, in strict accordance with the adult dose 100 to 120.
Second, the use of antibiotics for injection, in strict accordance with the general usage of adults 100 to 120.
Third, for seriously ill turtles, even terminally ill, the dosage cannot be increased.
Fourth, reducing the dose can not play an antibacterial role, but also produce drug resistance.
Five, according to the course of use.
During or after antibiotic treatment, diarrhea occurred, which may be pseudomembranous enteritis. (Intestinal flora imbalance)
1, treatment: oral metronidazole tablets or tinidazole tablets.
2, adjustment: oral whole intestine or Livzon Changle or lactic acid bacteria tablets.
Selection of oral drugs for mild infection of sensitive bacteria
The following drugs can be used for mild infections caused by sensitive bacteria such as respiratory tract, trauma, white eyes and rotten nails:
Cefalexin capsules
Cefoadroxil capsules
Anbixian capsule
amoxicillin
azithromycin
Selection of oral drugs for bacterial intestinal infection
1, adjust the choice of headcount
Total intestinal health
Lizhu Changle
Lactic acid bacteria tablets
2, the choice of therapeutic drugs
Norfloxacin capsules
berberine
Smecta (montmorillonite powder)
Selection of oral drugs for intestinal infection of protozoa and anaerobic bacteria
Tinidazole tablets
Metronidazole tablet
Selection of antibiotics for injection when sensitive bacteria are seriously infected
The following drugs can be selected for serious infections caused by sensitive bacteria such as respiratory tract, trauma, middle and late stage white eyes, rotten nails and perforation:
Gentamicin sulfate for injection
Amikacin sulfate for injection
Ceftriaxone sodium for injection (low toxicity, recommended for turtles)
Penicillin sodium for injection (unless your turtle is terminally ill, there is no medicine to choose from)
Azithromycin for injection (wider antibacterial spectrum)
Selection of drugs for mycoplasma and chlamydia infection
erythromycin
roxithromycin
azithromycin
Instructions for antibiotics for injection
Gentamicin sulfate for injection
This product is aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is effective against many gram-negative bacteria and sensitive to Staphylococcus aureus. Mainly used for infections caused by negative bacilli including Proteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other sensitive bacteria. This product is ineffective for anaerobic bacteria.
Specification: 40,000 sets, 80,000 sets
Intramuscular injection: for every 500g turtle weight, use one thirtieth of 40,000 units every day.
Use a one milliliter syringe to inject 0.035 milliliter per 500 grams of turtle weight.
Oral administration is only effective for intestinal infection, which greatly reduces the damage to ears and kidney function.
Oral administration: Take one-eighth of 40,000 units daily for every 500g of soft-shelled turtle, and take it twice.
Note: ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity can inhibit breathing, and direct intraperitoneal injection is not allowed.
The course of treatment is 7- 10 days. No matter how effective the drug is, the course of treatment should not be prolonged.
Amikacin sulfate for injection
This product is a semi-synthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is suitable for serious infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas, Escherichia coli, Proteus, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Serratia, Acinetobacter and Staphylococcus (methicillin-sensitive strain), such as septicemia, bacterial endocarditis, lower respiratory tract infection, bone and joint infection, biliary tract infection, abdominal infection and complicated urinary tract infection. This product is ineffective for anaerobic bacteria.
Specification: 0.2g (20 200,000 PCs)
Intramuscular injection: One sixtieth of 200,000 units per 500g turtle weight per day.
Abdominal injection: one thirtieth of 200,000 units per 500 grams of turtle weight per day.
Note: ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Replenish water in time during treatment.
The course of treatment is 7- 10 days. No matter how effective the drug is, the course of treatment should not be prolonged.
Ceftriaxone sodium for injection
This product is the third generation cephalosporin antibiotics. It has strong activity against Enterobacteriaceae. The MIC90 of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter aerogenes, Citrobacter freundii, Indole-positive Proteus, Brucella and Serratia is 0.12 ~ 0.25mg/L. It has a strong antibacterial effect on Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis, and also has a good effect on hemolytic streptococcus and pneumococcus. The minimum inhibitory concentration of Staphylococcus aureus is 2 ~ 4 mg/L.
It can be used to prevent lower respiratory tract infection, urinary tract infection and biliary tract infection caused by sensitive pathogens, as well as intra-operative abdominal infection, pelvic infection, skin and soft tissue infection, bone and joint infection, septicemia, meningitis and other infections.
Specification: 0.25g 0.5g1.0g2.0g.
Intramuscular injection: 1.0g per 500g turtle's weight, with the dosage of 1/60th to 1/40th.
Intraperitoneal injection: 1.0g per 500g body weight of soft-shelled turtle, one sixtieth to one fortieth per day.
The course of treatment is 7 ~ 14 days.
Ceftriaxone sodium has low toxicity, so it is recommended to choose tortoise.
Azithromycin sulfate for injection
Azithromycin has the same mechanism of action as erythromycin, which mainly binds to the 50S subunit of bacterial ribosomes and inhibits RNA-dependent protein synthesis. This product has good antibacterial effect on Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Influenza Bacillus, and also has antibacterial activity on Staphylococcus. The antibacterial effect of this product on Gram-positive cocci such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus is slightly worse than erythromycin, and its antibacterial effects on influenza and Moraxella catarrhalis are 4 ~ 8 times and 2 ~ 4 times stronger than erythromycin respectively, and it also has inhibitory effects on a few Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Shigella. This product has a good antibacterial effect on anaerobic bacteria such as digestive streptococcus, mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia trachomatis.
For acute pharyngitis and acute tonsillitis caused by streptococcus pyogenes. Used for pneumonia caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Influenza Bacillus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Used for urethritis and cervicitis caused by chlamydia. Used for acute bronchitis and chronic bronchitis caused by sensitive bacteria. Used for skin and soft tissue infections caused by sensitive bacteria.
Note: It is forbidden for people who are allergic to erythromycin or other macrolides.
Penicillin sodium for injection
Penicillin sodium has a strong antibacterial effect on Gram-positive cocci (Streptococcus, Pneumococcus and Sensitive Staphylococcus) and Gram-negative cocci (Meningococcus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae). It also has antibacterial effects on Gram-positive bacilli (diphtheria), spirochetes (Treponema pallidum, treponema pallidum, leptospira), Clostridium (tetanus, gas gangrene), actinomycetes and individual negative bacilli (such as Haemophilus).
Penicillin sodium is mainly used to treat various infections caused by sensitive bacteria, such as septicemia, pneumonia, meningitis, tonsillitis and otitis media.
Attention: It is easy to cause allergy and lead to death.
Specification: 0.48g (800,000)
Intramuscular injection: One sixtieth of 800,000 is used every day for every 500 grams of turtle weight.
Intraperitoneal injection: 50,000-80,000 units per 500 g turtle weight per day.
Sodium chloride injection should not be used as a solvent, but should be dissolved with sterile water for injection.
Lidocaine hydrochloride injection
This product is a local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic drug. It is mainly used for infiltration anesthesia, epidural anesthesia, surface anesthesia (including mucosal anesthesia during thoracoscopic or abdominal surgery) and nerve conduction block.
Not recommended.
Precautions for oral medication of sensitive bacteria infection
Cefoadroxil
This product is 1 generation semi-synthetic cephalosporin. It is effective for staphylococcus, hemolytic streptococcus, streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella, and also effective for penicillin-resistant staphylococcus.
It is suitable for urinary tract infection, skin and soft tissue infection, acute tonsillitis, acute pharyngitis, otitis media and lung infection caused by sensitive bacteria. This product is an oral preparation and should not be used for serious infection.
Oral: Take one twentieth of 0.25g (about one ear spoon) for every 500g soft-shelled turtle twice a day.
Cefalexin capsules
It is suitable for acute tonsillitis, angina, otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, pneumonia and other respiratory infections, urinary tract infections and skin and soft tissue infections caused by sensitive bacteria. This product is an oral preparation and should not be used for serious infection.
Oral administration: One tenth of 0. 125g (about one ear spoon) for every 500g soft-shelled turtle, twice a day.
Anbixian capsule
This product has strong antibacterial effect on gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacteria (including cocci and bacilli). The minimum inhibitory concentrations of sensitive staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus and pneumococcus were all below 0. 1 μ g/ml, and the drug sensitive concentrations of influenza, pertussis and Brucella were 0. 1-0.5 μ g/ml. In addition, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Meningococcus, Diphtheria, Escherichia coli, Salmonella and Legionella, Campylobacter fetus and some anaerobic Gram-bacilli are sensitive or highly sensitive to this product.
Can be used for treating infectious diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus, hemolytic streptococcus, pneumococcus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, meningococcus, diphtheria bacillus, pertussis bacillus, influenza bacillus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, dysentery bacillus, etc. Sensitive person for this product, such as respiratory tract infection (pneumonia, acute and chronic bronchitis, dysentery, etc. ), gastrointestinal tract and digestive tract infections (hepatobiliary infectious diseases, acute and chronic gastroenteritis, bacillary dysentery, typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever, etc. ).
Oral: It should be taken orally on an empty stomach. One tenth of 0. Take it twice for every 500g soft-shelled turtle (25g).
amoxicillin
Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic, which has good antibacterial activity against aerobic gram-positive cocci such as Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus hemolyticus, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae and other aerobic gram-negative bacteria and Helicobacter pylori. Amoxicillin plays a bactericidal role by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls, and bacteria can be quickly dissolved and broken into spheres.
Amoxicillin capsules can be used for
Upper respiratory tract infections caused by hemolytic streptococcus, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus or Haemophilus influenzae, such as otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis and tonsillitis.
Skin and soft tissue infections caused by hemolytic streptococcus, staphylococcus or Escherichia coli.
Lower respiratory tract infections, such as acute bronchitis and pneumonia caused by hemolytic streptococcus, streptococcus pneumoniae, staphylococcus or Haemophilus influenzae.
One tenth of 0. Take it twice for every 500g soft-shelled turtle (25g).
Description of oral drugs for mycoplasma and chlamydia infection
Erythromycin, roxithromycin and azithromycin belong to macrolide antibiotics, which can effectively inhibit mycoplasma and treat mycoplasma infection. Erythromycin and roxithromycin have great side effects, especially in gastrointestinal tract.
Mycoplasma is a prokaryotic microorganism without cell wall. There are two kinds of mycoplasma that can cause human diseases, one is mycoplasma that can cause urinary system and reproductive system infection, and the other is mycoplasma that can cause human respiratory diseases. The full name is "mycoplasma pneumoniae".
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the main pathogens of respiratory tract infection in adults and children at present, and its infection rate is increasing year by year. Mycoplasma is highly contagious, and the main infection site is respiratory tract, which often causes mycoplasma pneumonia. The clinical manifestations are fever, cough (mainly dry cough) and asthma. It will also cross-infect and lead to long-term treatment.
Azithromycin dispersible tablets
It has antibacterial effect on many common pathogenic bacteria, such as gram-positive aerobic bacteria, gram-negative aerobic bacteria, anaerobic bacteria, and other microorganisms: mycoplasma pneumoniae and chlamydia trachomatis.
This product is suitable for the following infections caused by sensitive bacteria: otitis media, sinusitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis and other upper respiratory tract infections; Lower respiratory tract infections, such as bronchitis and pneumonia. Skin and soft tissue infections; Infection caused by chlamydia trachomatis;
Oral: It should be taken orally on an empty stomach.
For every 500g turtle's weight, take one-sixtieth of 0.25g on the first day, and then take one-twentieth of 65438 +0 times of 0.25g on the second to fifth day.
Roxithromycin tablets
This product is suitable for pharyngitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis media, acute bronchitis, acute attack of chronic bronchitis, pneumonia caused by mycoplasma pneumoniae or chlamydia pneumoniae, infection caused by chlamydia trachomatis, and skin and soft tissue infection caused by sensitive bacteria.
Oral: It should be taken orally on an empty stomach. The general treatment course is 5- 12 days. For every 500g turtle's weight, take 2mg once, twice a day.
Side effects: severe gastrointestinal reaction, frequent nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
Drug description for treating intestinal infection
Norfloxacin capsules
This product is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial effect, especially for aerobic gram-negative bacilli and most bacteria in Enterobacteriaceae.
Suitable for intestinal infection caused by sensitive bacteria.
Oral administration: take 0. 1.0 g per 500 g turtle weight, and take it twice for 5-7 days.
berberine
The scientific name "berberine hydrochloride" is an alkaloid extracted from Rhizoma Coptidis and Cortex Phellodendri.
Berberine can inhibit many kinds of bacteria, such as Shigella, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, pneumococcus, typhoid Bacillus, diphtheria Bacillus, etc. Among them, Shigella has the strongest effect and is often used to treat gastrointestinal diseases such as bacterial gastroenteritis and dysentery.
Berberine is hardly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract after oral administration, but only stays in the intestine to fight against pathogenic bacteria. Although this characteristic makes berberine ineffective for infections outside the gastrointestinal tract, its side effects are very small because berberine is not absorbed into the blood.
Oral administration: 0.25g per 500g of soft-shelled turtle, one twentieth of the daily weight, taken in two to three times.
Smecta (montmorillonite powder)
This product can fix and inhibit viruses, bacteria and toxins produced in digestive tract; It can cover the digestive tract mucosa and repair and improve the defense function of gastrointestinal mucosa against pathogenic factors by combining with mucin glycoprotein.
This product does not enter the blood circulation system, but is excreted with gastrointestinal peristalsis and pathogenic factors.
Smecta can be used for acute and chronic diarrhea caused by various reasons. Smecta is the first choice for treating all kinds of diarrhea.
Oral administration: take one twentieth of 1 bag every day for every 500g of soft-shelled turtle, and take it in two or three times.
Side effects: occasional constipation.
Lactic acid bacteria tablets
This product forms a protective layer in the intestine to prevent the invasion of pathogenic bacteria and viruses; Stimulate intestinal secretion of antibodies and improve intestinal immunity; Selectively kill intestinal pathogenic bacteria, protect and promote the growth of beneficial bacteria; Adjust the electrolyte and water balance of intestinal mucosa; Promote gastric juice secretion and enhance digestive function.
Can be used for treating abnormal intestinal fermentation, dyspepsia, enteritis, and diarrhea.
Every 500g turtle, take orally twice a day, with1/5 ~110 tablets each time.
Lizhu Changle
Bifidobacterium capsule
This medicine is a Bifidobacterium adolescentis production strain, which is refined by domestication, culture and fermentation. It can supplement normal physiological intestinal bacteria beneficial to human body and correct flora imbalance; Maintain normal intestinal peristalsis.
Can be use for preventing and treat intestinal dysbacteriosis diseases caused by various reasons, such as acute and chronic enteritis, diarrhea, constipation and other intestinal dysfunction.
Eat one or two spoonfuls of ear for every 500g turtle every day.
Zhengchangsheng capsule
Has the function of regulating flora imbalance, and is effective for pathogenic and iatrogenic flora imbalance.
Regulate intestinal flora and help digestion.
Eat one or two spoonfuls of ear for every 500g turtle every day.
Tinidazole tablets
This product has high activity on protozoa and anaerobic bacteria. For Bacteroides fragilis and other Bacteroides, Clostridium, Clostridium,
Digestive cocci, digestive streptococci, micrococcus and Gardnerella have antibacterial activity, and microaerobic bacteria and Helicobacter pylori are sensitive to them.
1. Anaerobic infection: One twentieth of 0.2g is used for every 500g soft-shelled turtle, once a day, the first dose is doubled, and the general course of treatment is 5-6 days.
2. Prevention of postoperative anaerobic infection: 0.2g 10 per 500g of soft-shelled turtle before operation.
3. Intestinal amebiasis: One thirtieth of 0.2g is used for every 500g soft-shelled turtle, twice a day, and the course of treatment is 5- 10 day.
Metronidazole tablet
Anti-amoeba drugs and anti-anaerobic bacteria infection
Every 500g soft-shelled turtle is given 0.2g of1.5%, twice a day, and the course of treatment is 5 ~ 10 day.
Drug description of fungal infection
ketoconazole
It has antibacterial and bactericidal activities against dermatophytes, yeasts (Candida, Pityrosporum, Coccidia, Cryptococcus), biphasic fungi and fungi.
Deep fungal infection
Oral: It should be taken with meals. Take one third 1 tablet (200mg) once a day for every 500g of turtle weight.
The course of treatment is 6-65438+2 months.
Propeller (capsule particles)
Mainly used for systemic infection caused by deep fungi, such as finger and toe mycosis. The side effects are lower than ketoconazole.
Deep fungal infection of fingers and toes. Take shock treatment.
The first impact course
The first week: take 0. 1g orally every 500g of turtle's weight, and take it twice.
Stop taking drugs in the second, third and fourth weeks.
Week 5: Take 0.65438+60 g orally every 500 g of turtle's weight, twice.
The drug was stopped in the sixth, seventh and eighth weeks.
Week 9: Take 0.65438+60 g orally every 500 g of turtle's weight, twice.
Dermatologist
Can inhibit and kill skin fungi, candida, yeast and other algae, ascomycetes, cryptococcus and so on. At the same time, it also has strong antibacterial activity against gram-positive cocci and bacilli.
Can be used for treating skin infections caused by dermatophytes, yeasts and other fungi.
Skin infection: apply the ointment to the affected area twice a day and rub it with your fingers to make the medicine completely penetrate into the skin. After all the injuries in the affected area disappear (usually 2-5 weeks), the drug should continue to be used for 10 days to prevent recurrence.
Finger (toe) nail infection: try to cut off the affected nail once a day, take a little ointment and apply it evenly with your fingers. After the nail is loose (about 2-3 weeks), the drug should continue to be used until the new nail begins to grow. It usually takes about 7 months to see the curative effect.
If soft-shelled turtle is diagnosed as deep fungal infection, external medicine can only treat the exterior but not the interior, and oral antibiotics are needed for treatment.
Description of commonly used external drugs
Use of iodine
Iodine, also known as tincture of iodine, is generally a 2% alcohol solution, which is a commonly used skin disinfectant. Iodine in iodine liquor can directly halogenate protein, which has a bactericidal effect. It can kill all kinds of bacteria, molds and bacterial spores at 1 min. Its bactericidal power is stronger than that of mercuric chloride and purple chloride.
As a skin disinfectant, iodine is mainly used for skin disinfection before operation and injection. Iodine is very irritating to the skin mucosa, which can burn the skin mucosa, and the skin will blister and desquamate after use. Iodine has strong penetrating power and can accelerate local blood circulation, so it can be used externally to reduce inflammation and swelling without ulceration, sores and sprains.
Use 3% hydrogen peroxide (hydrogen peroxide solution)
Hydrogen peroxide is a colorless and transparent liquid, and its performance is extremely unstable. When it comes into contact with peroxides in blood and tissues, it will decompose rapidly and release new oxygen to play its antibacterial and deodorizing roles. The role of releasing oxygen to generate bubbles is to loosen blood clots and necrotic tissues, which is easy to discharge, especially suitable for anaerobic infection.
3% hydrogen peroxide is used for wounds and ulcers, such as wound cleaning, disinfection and dressing change.
For mild onychomycosis, treatment with hydrogen peroxide alone is also effective! I tried!
Apply it two or three times a day, and a scab will form after a few days.
Use of mercuric chloride
After mercury chloride is coated, it can slowly release mercury ions and act on bacterial enzymes to kill bacteria, but its permeability is very weak, so its disinfection and sterilization effect is not strong, which is obviously weaker than iodine and purple syrup.
Mercury solution and iodine can't be used on the same wound, because they will have a chemical reaction together and produce toxic mercury iodide.
The use of purple potion
Purple potion is a 1% ~ 2% solution made of gentian violet and water. It is a common antiseptic for skin and mucous membrane disinfection. Because of its strong bactericidal power, good anti-inflammatory effect and astringent effect, it is often used for external use such as skin and mucous membrane abrasions, infections, ulcers and ringworm.
It has a good effect on the treatment of long-term unhealed mold and skin ulcer! Be careful not to use it in large areas!
Use of potassium permanganate
Potassium permanganate is a purple crystal, which is easily soluble in water and has strong oxidation.
This product does not release oxygen, does not produce bubbles, has a short action time and is superficial, and is often used for deodorization and disinfection. Because potassium permanganate weakens when it comes into contact with organic substances such as purulent blood and decaying tissues, if the concentration increases, it will stimulate corrosion.
Because its function is short-lived, it can be used temporarily when necessary and cannot be heated.
Usually infected wounds are washed and disinfected with 0. 1% solution.
The use of Baiduobang
Can be used for primary skin infections such as acne, furuncle, folliculitis, and secondary infections such as eczema complicated with infection, ulcer complicated with infection, and wound complicated with infection. External application: 3 times a day within 5 days 1 course of treatment. If necessary, the course of treatment of 1 can be repeated, and the affected area can be bandaged or covered with dressing. Do not use it in eyes or nose.
Aureomycin hydrochloride eye ointment
This product is a tetracycline antibiotic, and many rickettsia, mycoplasma, chlamydia, atypical mycobacteria and spirulina are sensitive to this product.
It can be used for treating superficial eye infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria such as sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae and sensitive Gram-negative bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae. It can also be used to treat trachoma caused by chlamydia trachomatis.
Erythromycin eye ointment
Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic with antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus, Streptococcus and Gram-positive bacilli. Neisseria, Haemophilus influenzae and Bordetella pertussis may also be sensitive to this product. The product also has antibacterial activity against various anaerobic bacteria except Bacteroides fragilis and Fusobacterium. It can also inhibit Legionella, Campylobacter fetus, some spirochetes, mycoplasma pneumoniae, rickettsia and chlamydia.
Used for trachoma, conjunctivitis, keratitis and chlamydia trachomatis eye infection.
Chloramphenicol eye drops
This product is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, its mechanism of action is to inhibit the protein synthesis of bacteria, and it is effective for most gram-negative bacteria and some gram-positive bacteria, as well as chlamydia trachomatis and rickettsia.
Used for conjunctivitis, trachoma, keratitis and blepharitis.