With the outbreak of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine, the world's military powers and neighboring countries (regions) have stepped up the construction of military equipment, actively updated their naval equipment, and continuously and steadily invested in submarines, surface ships, aviation equipment, shipborne weapons and new concepts and technologies, making new progress, showing new features and trends, which gives us important enlightenment.
First, submarines: give full play to the hidden advantages of underwater, and nuclear submarines with constant power go hand in hand.
The United States, Russia, India and other countries continue to promote the development and improvement of ballistic missile nuclear submarines in order to strengthen the strategic nuclear deterrent capability at sea; The United States, Russia, France and other countries have vigorously developed attack nuclear submarines to enhance their underwater combat capability. The first boat of the American Columbia-class ballistic missile nuclear submarine has gradually taken shape and is scheduled to be launched in the fall of 2027. Russia's Beifeng -A-class strategic nuclear submarine No.3 "Marshal Suvorov" began its first sea trial. Indian navy destroyer-class ballistic missile nuclear submarine No.3 was launched. The US Navy received three new Virginia-class boats and launched them 1. Russia's Yasen -M class attack nuclear submarine No.2 began sea trial; The first special nuclear submarine 09852 "Belgorod" capable of carrying Poseidon nuclear-powered unmanned submersible was successfully delivered; The first boat of French barracuda-class attack nuclear submarine has full combat capability.
Russia, Japan, Sweden, Israel and other countries further strengthened the construction of conventional submarine equipment, and Turkey and Germany began to upgrade conventional submarines. The Russian Black Sea Fleet's 877 conventional submarine "Alrosa" was modernized and refitted and put into service again. Japan took over the first boat of the "Whale" class submarine, the Swedish navy laid the keel of the first boat of the "bulykin" class conventional submarine, Germany signed the introduction plan of the new conventional submarine, and Turkey completed the key design of the mid-term upgrade plan of the domestic 209 "Ple weiser" class diesel-electric submarine.
Second, the research and reform of aircraft carrier equipment have been carried out simultaneously, and a new generation of destroyer ships have made a strong debut, and frigates have become a hot spot for development.
France and South Korea have accelerated the research and development of the next generation of aircraft carrier equipment, and the new aircraft carrier plans of the United States, Britain and India are also continuing to advance. The French navy released the video of the future aircraft carrier for the first time and plans to serve in 2038. South Korea promoted the development of CVX light aircraft carrier project and entered the bidding stage of concept scheme. The US Navy's "Ford" aircraft carrier began to deploy at sea, "Kennedy" outfitted its cabin, and "Enterprise" and "Miller" began to purchase materials in advance and build them in stages. The Indian Navy's domestic aircraft carrier "Viklandt" was deployed after completing the third and fourth sea trials. Kaga modified the F-35B, and Izumo modified it for the second time. The Brazilian navy modernized the flagship multi-purpose aircraft carrier "Atlantic".
New destroyers from the United States and India have been in service. The US Navy continued to push forward the construction of the Arleigh Burke-class destroyer, put forward the procurement plan of 9+ 1, and actively carried out the research and development of the next-generation destroyer DDG(X) and the upgrading of the Zumwalt-class destroyer. The Indian Navy received the Visaka Putnam class destroyer "Mormu Gao". The first ship of the second batch of KDX III destroyers in South Korea, "Zhengzu Dawang", was launched to further increase the displacement, and it is planned to continue to build two.
New frigates have become a hot spot in the development of various countries. The future missile frigate FFG(X) project of the US Navy is progressing smoothly, and 1 free-class and independent-class offshore combat ships have been received. The Adventurer, the first ship of the British 3 1 frigate, started construction, and the second batch of 5 frigates of the 26 type confirmed the construction plan and allocated the procurement funds. The French naval frigate Lorraine is in service; Ronarch, the first ship of FDI frigate, was launched and is scheduled to serve in 2024. Greece plans to introduce three FDI-HN frigates from France. The first ship of the second batch of five K 130 frigates in Germany was named "Cologne".
Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force's top frigate, Kumano 2, is in service. The Polish Navy's Swordfish Frigate Program was selected. The first batch of three ships is planned to be purchased, and the first ship will be delivered in 2028. India has approved the procurement plan for eight next-generation light frigates. The commencement of the first ship of the Mandre class frigate of the Brazilian Navy was postponed.
American amphibious equipment upgrade. The United States began to build the fourth American-class amphibious assault ship LHA-9 and expedition high-speed transport ship 16, and plans to purchase 35 new light amphibious landing ships to receive 1 LCAC106; ; The retired dock landing ship "Whidbey Island" plans to terminate its procurement after completing the procurement of "San Antonio" second-class dock transport ship No.3. In addition, the "shore-to-ship connector" (SSC) of the next-generation landing craft of the US Navy successfully completed the well deck interoperability test with the dock landing ship "Carter Hall" (LSD 50) of the US Navy, reaching an important milestone.
Third, the concept of a new generation of fighters has gradually become clear, and India has chosen a new type of carrier-based fighter.
The US Navy continues to push forward the "NGAD" project, and the concept of the next generation fighter gradually becomes clear. The F-35 joint attack aircraft is constantly moving towards operational deployment and upgrading. The F-35 joint attack aircraft began large-scale operational deployment in the western Pacific, during which the F-35C crashed into the sea in the South China Sea. Promote engine replacement, upgrade the ability of F-35 to control drones, and jointly simulate environmental testing. Continue to push forward the "service life modification" project of F/A- 18E/F "Super Hornet" to shorten the upgrade cycle and solve the current problem of aircraft shortage. . Indian navy carrier aircraft began to choose and compare. It is equipped with the active aircraft carrier "vikram Tia" and the first domestic aircraft carrier "Viklandt". French Gust M and American F/A- 18E/F have successively completed a series of land-based take-off demonstrations and flight tests at the shore-based test facility (SBTF) of Indian Naval Air Base (INAS) to evaluate the aircraft carrier applicability of the two fighters.
4. With the rapid development of UAV technology, the mission areas of unmanned boats and unmanned submersibles are constantly expanding.
With the rapid development of UAV equipment technology, it has become a hot spot in the development of various countries. The US Navy MQ-25A stingray aerial unmanned tanker has developed smoothly, and it is planned to reach its initial operational capability by 2025. Release the collection scheme of new intelligence surveillance and reconnaissance UAV system. A new type of shipborne unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has been developed in Russia, which is currently in the preliminary design stage. It is planned to fly for the first time in 2025, equipped with 23,900 General amphibious assault ship. The British Navy developed the "vampire UAV Project" and developed the intelligence surveillance and reconnaissance UAV. Turkey has developed Red Apple and TB-3 UAV, which can be equipped with amphibious assault ship and light aircraft carrier.
The mission field of unmanned surface craft is expanding continuously. The US Navy sent four unmanned surface ships to participate in the Pacific Rim military exercise, marking a new milestone in the formation of manned unmanned surface ships. In view of the early congressional doubts about the vertical launch system of large unmanned surface craft, the evaluation of large unmanned surface craft and its alternatives was carried out. Basically complete the prototype design and construction of medium-sized unmanned surface craft, and simultaneously carry out the construction of land-based test facilities. Russian Navy develops 14m anti-submarine unmanned surface boat.
Australia continues to develop the "Blue Sentinel" autonomous unmanned system. Belgium successfully tested the deployment and recovery system of unmanned surface craft.
The unmanned submersible continues to heat up. France released a new version of "Undersea Warfare Strategy", which extended the perception and action capability of the French navy to 6,000m underwater. The US Navy promotes the development of unmanned submersibles and active submarines, and develops the "Razor Whale" unmanned submersible; In view of the adaptation problem between Virginia-class nuclear submarine and "Snake Head" large unmanned submersible, it is planned to cancel the project. Britain demonstrated the towed linear array sonar of a super-large unmanned submersible to improve its underwater intelligence monitoring and detection capabilities. Canada has developed a new generation of super-large unmanned submersible "Sea Wolf" driven by fuel cells for the Australian Navy, and plans to conduct demonstration tests in Australia in 2023. The latest model "Edge" of Norwegian "Hugh Gold" series unmanned submersible was launched.
Fifth, support equipment: seek equal emphasis on deterrence and war, and constantly enrich the spectrum.
Countries pay more attention to maritime law enforcement and rights protection, and gradually update maritime patrol ships. The U.S. patrol ships advanced rapidly, and projects such as traditional and national security multi-mission training ships advanced smoothly. South Korea's new offshore patrol ship design was approved by Norwegian Classification Society in principle. Japan's "Next Generation Maritime Patrol Ship" chose United Shipbuilding Company as the main contractor of the project. Australia receives the first Cape of Good Hope class patrol boat "Cape Oatway". The United States has provided Ukraine with 23 patrol boats.
Many countries actively develop auxiliary ships. The first ship of Russian 22220 multi-purpose nuclear power series icebreaker "Acti Card" was delivered, and the No.4 ship "Yakut" was launched and outfitting operation began.
The Dutch anti-mine ship "Frisland" laid the keel and planned to build 12 ships. The first Turkish special intelligence gathering ship "TCG· Ufuk" (A-59 1) is in service. The US Navy's "Avenger" class minesweeper continues to be maintained and continues to serve.
The US Navy further adjusted the supply chain to ensure the safety and efficiency of equipment support logistics. The US Navy accelerates the transformation of supply chain and studies the transformation route of naval supply force; Reach a supply chain cooperation with India and explore the maintenance of ships in Indian shipyards. In addition, Britain has issued a new version of the national shipbuilding strategy to further coordinate national resources and help the development of its shipbuilding industry; Australia upgraded the Gordon Island Naval Base and dry dock in Sydney to enhance its strategic infrastructure capacity.
6. Shipborne weapons: The performance of traditional weapons has been continuously improved, and hypersonic weapons have developed rapidly.
Anti-ship equipment is faster, farther and smarter. The Australian navy has launched an upgrade project of ship-borne anti-ship missiles, and plans to purchase "naval strike missiles" instead of "harpoon missiles" equipped to protect ships; Cooperate with Lockheed Martin to develop ship-borne LRASM-SL anti-ship missile. The Indian navy completed the first test of the "naval anti-ship missile". Taiwan Province's Anping-class Jinhai patrol ship successfully tested the Xiongfeng-2 missile.
Submarine-launched missile technology continues to spread. Britain and Japan stepped up the modification of submarine-launched cruise missiles, while North Korea and South Korea competed to develop submarine-launched ballistic missiles. British navy upgrades submarine-launched cruise missiles. Japan plans to equip whale-class submarines with improved Tomahawk cruise missiles and 12 shore-to-ship missiles to further improve the scope and capability of covert land strikes. North Korea demonstrates new submarine-launched ballistic missiles. The South Korean Navy's "Anchang" conventional submarine tested two submarine-launched ballistic missiles with a range of 400 kilometers.
The United States continues to promote the development of new concept weapons such as lasers and high-power microwaves. The US Navy equipped a new type of "high-energy laser and integrated optical blinding and monitoring" system on the Alibek class destroyer Preble; Complete the land-based test of laser anti-cruise missile; It also cooperated with the Air Force to conduct land tests of new high-power microwave missiles, using high-power microwaves to paralyze enemy electronic systems. In addition, the United States has completed the prototype test of the rail gun launching missile, carried out the demonstration of the "multi-mission medium-range rail gun weapon system prototype" plan, and actively explored the application of the rail gun air defense and anti-missile mission; Japan accelerated the research and development of rail guns, and the muzzle speed reached 2297 m/s.
Many countries attach great importance to hypersonic missiles and actively promote technological development. The United States, Britain and Australia started a new hypersonic weapon project according to the "Ocuss" agreement, and carried out trilateral cooperation in developing hypersonic weapons and anti-hypersonic weapons. The United States plans to refit and deploy hypersonic missiles for destroyers in zumwalt and submarines in Virginia, and develop a prototype system of hypersonic weapon "Glide Interceptor" by using the mature "standard" missile technology of Aegis ships. In addition, Japan has also proposed a plan to deploy hypersonic vehicles by 2030.