2 English reference A *** estos
Asbestos is a silicate mineral with fibrous structure, which can be divided into two categories: serpentine (chrysotile); Amphibole [crocidolite (crocidolite), chrysotile, amphibole, tremolite, actinolite and hornblende].
4 GB number 6 1906
Five cases. 13322 14
6 Chinese name asbestos
7 English name A *** estos
8 asbestos alias actinolite; ; amphibole
9 molecular formula 2SiO2.3MgO.2H2O (main component)
10 appearance and performance white, gray, green or brown fiber
1 1 molecular weight 370 (main component)
12 melting point >; 1000℃
13 solubility is insoluble in water.
14 density Relative density (water 1)2.5
15 stable.
16 danger sign 14 (including drugs)
17 is mainly used as heat insulation material, adhesive, coating for stoves and hot steam pipes, filter media, fire-resistant gloves and clothing.
18 route of health hazards: inhalation.
Health hazards: Long-term exposure to asbestos will cause asbestosis, and patients will have symptoms such as cough, chest pain and dyspnea. And severe respiratory and special ring failure.
19 toxicological data and toxicity of environmental behavior to aquatic organisms: there are few studies on the aquatic biological system of asbestos. According to limited research reports (mainly confined to the laboratory), asbestos fiber can be ingested and absorbed by algae, mollusks and fish, which may lead to morphological changes of fish organs. Under the action of relatively high asbestos concentration (108 fiber/1), fish never absorb and concentrate asbestos fiber (Laut &: Shure,1984; Woodhead et al.,1983; Environmental Protection Bureau, 1980). Another study pointed out that the growth, development and reproduction of Asian Meretrix meretrix can be inhibited when the asbestos concentration is 102 ~ 104 fiber/1 (Belanger et al., 1986). These data are not enough to draw the conclusion that asbestos affects the ecosystem.
IARC has been identified as a carcinogen. The main harm of asbestos to human body is carcinogenesis. The results obtained in the animal experiment of oral intake of high concentration asbestos fiber are basically negative. In the epidemiological investigation of people exposed to asbestos through drinking water, it was found that the impact on health was also negative. In other studies, it is considered that there is the possibility of increasing digestive tract tumors.
Asbestos fiber has strong resistance to chemical degradation, so it can remain in soil for a long time. Asbestos fiber cannot react chemically in water, so it can exist in water for a long time and spread over a long distance.
Hazard characteristics: no special combustion and explosion characteristics.
20. On-site emergency monitoring method for rapid screening test of asbestos (Jin, Walter S; Carter, James W, me; Duper, Richard e), morning. India. Hyg。 Association J., 198 1, 42, NO3, 198 ~ 20 1 (English) Analytical Chemical Abstracts 1983.
4. Laboratory monitoring methods:
Microscopic examination method (HJ/T4 1 1999, exhaust from stationary pollution sources) (asbestos dust)
20. 1. 1.5. Environmental standard: the maximum allowable concentration of harmful substances in the air of China (TJ3679) is 2mg/m3.
The maximum allowable concentration in the residential area of the former Soviet Union (1977) is 0. 15mg/m3 (daily average); 0.5 mg/m3 (initial value)
2 1 emergency response to leakage isolate the leakage contaminated area and set warning signs around it. It is recommended that emergency personnel wear gas masks and corresponding work clothes. Avoid dust, clean and recycle carefully.
22 Protective measures Respiratory protection: Wear a dust mask.
Eye protection: You can use a safety mask.
Protective clothing: wear work clothes.
Hand protection: generally no special protection is needed.
Others: Pay attention to personal hygiene.
23 first aid measures skin contact: rinse with running water.
Inhalation: Off-site.