Sheep weaned 3-4 months, growth and development of fast, weight gain intensity, feeding conditions need high. 8 months of age, sheep growth and development intensity gradually decline. The following is the feeding management technology of sheep that I have carefully organized for you, take a look.

Sheep feeding management technology

Sheep shed construction and ancillary facilities

1. Sheep shed address selection:

(1) higher terrain, southward slope, good soil drainage, dry.

(2) Sufficient grazing land, fodder base, and clean cloth-rich water sources nearby.

(3) There is no disease in the local area and the surrounding area.

(4) Convenient transportation, but with the traffic line to maintain a certain distance, in order to reduce the chance of disease transmission.

2. Sheep shed construction requirements

(1) reasonable layout: sheep rearing area should be separated from the office and living area, the pen should be built under the office or housing. Ram house built in the downwind, more than 200 meters from the ewe house, lambs and breeding sheep house built in the wind; adult sheep house built in the middle; sick sheep isolation house should be away from the healthy sheep 300 meters.

(2) floor space: 1.5-2.0 square meters per breeding ram; 0.8-1.0 square meters per ewe; 0.6-0.8 square meters for breeding sheep; 0.5-0.6 square meters for lambs; 0.6-0.8 square meters for castrated rams; 2.2-2.5 square meters for late-pregnant or lactating ewes. Lambing pen is generally calculated according to 25% of the total number of basic ewes, and there should be ambient equipment in the room to maintain a certain temperature in the delivery room.

(3) moderate height: the general roof height of about 2.5 meters, to prevent heat and temperature.

(4) spacious and bright doors and windows: sheep flocking strong, easy to crowd in and out of the pen door. General door width of 3 meters, about 2 meters high. When the number of sheep is small, it can be slightly narrower to 1.5-2.0 meters. Sheep shed should have enough light to run, the window area generally accounted for 1/15 of the ground area, the window should be sunny, more than 1.5 meters from the ground.

(5) Sheep bed dry: sheep house built platform type, sheep bed with wood or bamboo construction, wood or bamboo spacing 1.0-1.5 cm, so that manure leakage, platform and the ground distance of 1.5-1.8 meters, easy to sweep manure.　　3. Sheep house ancillary equipment

(1) feeding trough: 1 fixed or rectangular feeding trough. With brick, stone and cement in the feeding ground built into a rectangular fixed feeding trough, more durable. Depending on the number of sheep, it can be built into several rows side by side.2 Mobile wooden trough. Made of thick boards, each about 2-3 meters long, 25 centimeters wide, 20 centimeters wide, about 15 centimeters high.

(2) water troughs: in the sports field, to set up water troughs, can be made of cement, the shape and size of the same feeding trough.

(3) Grass racks: Inverted triangular grass racks made of wooden strips on the sheep pen, wooden strips spaced generally 9-10 centimeters, so that the sheep in the grass racks outside the grass to eat grass, can reduce the waste, to avoid grass pollution.

(4) mother and child pen, lamb supplemental feeding pen.

Third, breeding ram feeding management

Breeding rams should maintain a balanced body condition throughout the year, that is, they should maintain the middle and upper fat, to maintain a robust, lively, energetic body. That is, they should not be too fat, nor too thin. To this end, three points must be mastered:

1. full-price nutrition: breed rams generate 1 ml of semen, about 50 grams of digestible crude protein. When vitamin A is insufficient, ram libido is poor, semen quality is not good; vitamin E deficiency, the epithelium and spermatozoa formation will cause pathological changes. Breeding rams in the breeding period consume the most nutrients and physical strength, the diet requires nutritional richness and comprehensiveness. Small volume and diversification, easy to digest, good palatability, especially the requirements of protein feed, good quality, high protein content, non-toxicity and so on. Generally should be 1.5 months before the start of breeding to strengthen the nutrition, the amount of concentrate can be fed according to the mating period of 60-70%. To the breeding season, with the increase in the number of breeding rams (or sperm collection), in addition to the supply of adequate plant protein, vitamins and minerals (including calcium, phosphorus and zinc, selenium and other macronutrients and trace elements), the ration should be increased to feed a certain amount of animal feeds, such as feeding fresh eggs or milk.

2. Careful management. To often pay attention to the appetite of the rams, to prevent fights and fights and climb across each other; adhere to the appropriate exercise, promote metabolism, enhance physical fitness; grazing to avoid shrubs or branches, so as not to scratch the scrotum, affecting the breeding; and the ewes are divided into pens to feed, when grazing, we must pay attention to be away from the ewes; rams in the sperm collection or breeding should not be eaten before the overfed.

3. Eliminate poor sheep. Select and retain breeding rams from the progeny of rams with strong fertility, often check the semen quality of the rams, including PH value, energy, vigor and deformity rate, etc., and timely elimination of low fertilization or infertile rams.

Fourth, breeding ewe feeding management

1. Nutritional needs of pregnant ewes. Pre-pregnancy, the fetus is mainly the formation of various organs, and growth is very slow, its weight gain only accounted for about 10% of the initial weight, so this stage of the need for a variety of nutrients is less, but the level of feed nutrients require a high level to ensure that a variety of tissues and organs of the normal growth and development.

In the late gestation period, the growth and development of the fetus is rapid, and the weight gain is rapid, the weight gain of the fetus in this period accounts for about 90% of the newborn weight, and a large amount of nutrients are needed in this period. Generally, the energy supply of ewes in the late gestation period should be increased by 26-33% compared with the usual. The protein requirement of pregnant ewes should be increased by 80% on the basis of the maintenance requirement. Insufficient minerals in pregnancy, fetal bone development is poor, lambs are prone to rickets; ewes to meet the needs of the fetus, will be due to the use of calcium and phosphorus in their own bones, resulting in their bones become loose, to the point of paralysis. The ewe's need for minerals, pre-pregnancy about 110% of the nutritional needs of the maintenance, late pregnancy is 200% or more appropriate.

Ewes are extremely sensitive to vitamins, mainly vitamin A and carotene. When deficient, ewes stop oestrus or oestrus abnormalities; cause ewes to abort; fetal deformities, or produce weak and dead lambs. The vitamin requirement is about twice as much as usual.

2. Nutritional needs of lactating ewes. Goat milk is rich in milk protein, cheese, lactose, milk fat and various vitamins. Ewes produce 1 kilogram of milk, about 66 grams of digestible protein, 2.4 grams of phosphorus and 3.6 grams of calcium, and 3.55 megajoules of net energy. The protein content of the feed should generally be 1.4 to 1.6 times higher than the protein in the milk. If protein is not supplied in sufficient quantity, milk production decreases, milk fat percentage decreases and the body condition of the sheep deteriorates. There should be enough fat in the feed. If insufficient it will convert protein to fat to meet the production of milk fat, which is extremely uneconomical. Vitamins have a major role with lactation, once deficient. It will inhibit the development of lambs, especially affecting the digestion and absorption of calcium and phosphorus in lambs, prone to chondromalacia, so it must be supplemented with vitamins.

V. Lamb feeding management

(a) feeding

1, early and eat good colostrum: colostrum on the health of the lamb has a special important role, the general requirements of 2 hours after delivery, the lamb ate on the colostrum, eat good colostrum, it will be robust, strong resistance to disease, fast growth and development, high survival rate. The lambs within 1 month of age should be mainly lactation, supplemented by grass.

2, early food, early supplemental feeding: 40 ~ 80 days after birth for the milk and heavy period, the lambs have learned to eat grass, to timely early supplemental feeding. Early supplemental feeding not only make lambs get more complete nutrients, more importantly, can promote the development of digestive organs. Diets should be composed of high-quality green, hay and protein-rich soybean cake, fish meal and other concentrates. Pay attention to less feeding diligently add, material not overnight, regular nursing, of course, but also to supply enough minerals calcium, phosphorus and other vitamins.

(ii) management

After the birth of the lambs, should be eaten as early as possible on the colostrum, because the colostrum contains full-value nutrients and antibodies, with a light diarrhea and anti-disease effect, which is extremely important for the growth and survival of the lambs. The 1st lactation is carried out under human care.

The development of lactating lambs is very fast, if the milk is not enough, not only affect the growth of the lambs, but also easy to get sick and life-threatening. The lack of milk sheep, should look for nanny sheep. If the nanny goat does not let the lambs of the host sheep milk, you can nanny goat mouth and nose and lambs at the same time coated with some kerosene, or nanny goat's milk, urine coated lambs body and nanny goat and lambs together in the dark house, after a few hours after the nanny goat will be able to recognize their own lambs. Can also be used to force the lamb to eat milk several times, so that the nanny goat and the lamb recognized. Specific practice is that one person will be fixed ewes, another person to hold the hind legs of the ewes, so that the lambs to eat milk, after several training can be. Artificial breastfeeding is also available when necessary. Artificial breastfeeding should be done at regular intervals, fixed quantity, fixed temperature and keep clean and hygienic, strictly good disinfection.

Lamb meconium is dark brown, sticky, generally 4 to 6 hours after birth can be discharged. If you still don't see me after 24 hours, you should take measures such as enema. The feces is very sticky, such as blocking the anus, should be wiped clean in time.

For the convenience of management and to prevent confusion during lactation, the number of the ewe can be written on the back of the lamb to facilitate identification.

Proper exercise. Exercise can increase the appetite of lambs, enhance physical fitness, promote growth and reduce disease. As the age of the lambs grows, they should be driven to graze on nearby pastures to enhance lamb movement.

Six, lamb chapter fertilization in sheep production, most of which is the year of lambing, the year of sale, in the lamb production stage, then, really want to grasp the lamb fertilization, in addition to grazing fertilization, there are the following two lamb fertilization.

(a) Sheltered fattening: some foreign countries producing fat lambs, in recent years, are in varying degrees to expand the scale of sheltered fattening, take the road of professional intensive operation. As the lambs are fattening and its growth and development is simultaneous, which requires that during the period of feeding, feed nutrition should be rich, comprehensive, palatable, with full-value proteins, high energy, and must be fed to a variety of essential minerals and vitamins.

Such as 3-month-old weaned lambs, diets consisting of 45% corn, 15% bran, 8% cottonseed cake, 30% peanut flour, salt 0.5%, trace elements such as manganese, selenium and multivitamin additives 2%; single and double lambs separately for pure housing and fattening, up to the age of 4 months, the weight of the lambs is 35 kilograms.

(ii) house feeding and grazing fertilization: 4-month-old lambs, using a combination of house feeding and grazing feeding, diet composition of corn, cottonseed cake and other mixed concentrates 43%, 57% ammonia straw, and supplemental feeding of minerals and other additives. Feeding concentrate should be in the daily grazing to reach full, after returning to grazing, in addition to daily feeding salt 10 ~ 15 g / only. The use of high-energy, high-protein type diets fertilizing 4-month-old weaned lambs, 60 days of fattening, each consuming total metabolizable energy 481.20 MJ, digestible crude protein 4648.82 grams, the daily weight gain up to 182.75 grams, carcass weight of 18.12 kilograms, the slaughter rate of more than 50 percent.

VII, disease prevention and control

(a) scientific feeding, careful management; adhere to scientific grazing, reasonable supplemental feeding, feed types to strive for a variety of nutritious and comprehensive; do not feed frozen or moldy spoiled feed, do not drink stagnant water, sewage; clean and dry sheep house, fresh air, sunny, and to keep the enclosure warm in winter and cool in summer.

(ii) Improve preventive disinfection, regular vaccination: combined with daily feeding management, regular preventive disinfection of the sheep house, utensils and sports field. Such as 3% Lysol or 20% fresh lime, 2% grass ash, Yu Jieling and other commonly used disinfection drugs, generally in the spring and autumn each thoroughly disinfected 1 time. When some kind of infectious disease occurs, in order to kill the pathogenic bacteria must carry out sudden disinfection, such as using kerosene or flame to do extinguishing disinfection. Pay attention to the manure in time to sweep, pile, sealed fermentation, kill the manure in the pathogenic bacteria and parasitic eggs or larvae.

Master the local situation and pattern of infectious diseases, targeted selection of vaccines, regular preventive injections to avoid infectious diseases. Commonly used vaccines, one is the sheep's anaerobic triple vaccine to prevent sheep anthrax, sheep fastidious disease and sheep enterotoxemia, the amount of six months or less lambs 1 subcutaneous injection of 3 ml, more than half a year of sheep, each subcutaneous injection of 5 ml, the immune period of 6 to 8 months; February Brucella type sheep type 5 live bacterial weak vaccine, subcutaneous injection of each sheep or intramuscular injection of 1 ml, the immune period of one year; prevention of anthrax, the available No. Ⅱ Anthrax bud cell vaccine, each sheep subcutaneous injection of 0.2 ml, the immunization period of 1 year; prevention of tetanus, with tetanus alum sedimentation toxoid, in the upper 1/3 of the neck subcutaneous injection of 0.5 ml, the immunization period of 1 year.

(C) pay attention to deworming and rodent extermination, etc.:

Sheep parasitic disease occurs more common, the affected sheep heavy life-threatening, light weight wasting, growth retardation, serious reduction in production performance. Everywhere should pay attention to deworming work, must be in the spring and fall of each year, regular prevention of deworming, sheep easily infected and harmful parasites such as tapeworms, nematodes and liver flake trematode. Deworming tapeworms and nematodes can be orally albendazole, 10 mg per kilogram of body weight; liver flake sucker with nitrochlorophenol, 3 to 8 mg per kilogram of body weight, 10 days after the deworming of the sheep's feces, should be collected in a timely manner and sealed and fermented, to prevent the drive under the eggs or larvae of the sheep swallowed and infected again.

Rodents and timely mites are important vectors of epidemics. Various methods should be used to exterminate rats. To gadfly, mosquitoes, flies and other available trichlorfon, dichlorvos and other insecticides to kill. Pasture, enclosure, sports places of the ground mites and loose water in the vertebrate snail, nail snail, etc. is related to the parasites of the intermediate host, should also pay attention to the elimination of

Sheep feeding management points

Breeding sheep refers to the lambs weaned to the first time to breed young sheep, mostly in the age of 4 ~ 18 months between the age of the lambs weaned 5 ~ 10 months after the growth of very fast, wool and meat varieties of rams and ewes can be up to 15 ~ 30kg, nutrient needs are more than the sheep. Nutrients need more. If the nutritional supply is insufficient at this time, there will be high limbs, narrow and shallow body, small body weight, low shearing volume and other problems. Breeding sheep feeding management, should be according to the sex of a separate group. In summer, the main thing is to grasp the grazing, arrange the better pasture, control the flock when grazing, and the grazing distance can not be too far. When the lambs are weaned, don't cut off the material at the same time, and continue to supplement the feed for a period of time after weaning group grazing. In the winter and spring seasons, in addition to grazing for food, should also be appropriate supplemental feeding hay, silage, root tuber fodder, salt and drinking water. The amount of supplemental feeding should be based on the species and the specific conditions of each place.

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