Chinese 20 10.5

examination

grow

must

Knowledge 1. This test paper is ***8 pages, with 6 big questions and 2 1 small questions, with full marks 120. Examination time 150 minutes.

2. Fill in the class name and name accurately on the answer sheet.

3. The answers to the test questions should be filled in or written on the answer sheet, and the answers on the test paper are invalid.

After the exam, please return the test paper and the answer sheet together.

First, choose. There are four options for each of the following questions, and only one of them meets the meaning of the question. After choosing the answer, use a pencil to black out the letter of the corresponding question on the answer sheet. (*** 12 points. 2 points for each small question)

1. Among the following words, the correct pronunciation of the dotted word is

A. Narrow-minded (ài) appearance (mó) stubbornness (niù) alarmism (qǐ)

B. Sudden (ù) spirit (ǒ u) publication (zǐ i) safe and sound (yànɡ)

C. Claiming to be (xǔ) ragged (blue) stubborn (Zhu Ai) sharp (dǔ ng)

D. Bird's eye view (kàn) thin (bó) eccentric (pì) punishing evil and promoting good (chénɡ)

2. One of the errors in judging the selection and filling of Chinese characters in horizontal lines is

A. Search (check, extract)

Judgment: "Check" means "check" and "pick up" means "pick up", so the horizontal line should be filled with "check".

B. Reward (warning, signature)

Judgment: "Jian" means "look carefully and inspect", while "sign" means "write your name or mark", so "Jian" should be filled in the horizontal line.

C. disdain (debate, debate)

Judgment: "Debate" means "defense and debate" and "discrimination" means "discrimination, discrimination", so the horizontal line should be filled with "discrimination".

D. concentration (to, to)

Judgment: "will" means "will", while "will" means "concentration (strength, will, etc. ) on a certain aspect, so the horizontal line should be filled with "zhi".

3. According to the context, fill in the correct words in the horizontal lines of the following sentences.

Rich regional culture breeds the moral quality of the people in this area. They follow the creed of "filial piety first", cherish life, love the countryside, uphold the tradition of loyalty to the monarch and patriotism, and pay attention to loyalty. Filial piety, love, loyalty and righteousness in Chinese Confucian cultural thought have been internalized into their spiritual world.

② After arduous and intensive training for recruits, these post-90s recruits, who were labeled as "proud and charming", not only honed a pair of steel bars and iron bones, but also honed their will. After 90, the recruits showed us the excellent features of a new generation of soldiers.

A.① Fill in the sentence of "one side of the soil and water will nourish one side of the people" and ② Fill in the sentence of "If you don't cut the jade, you can't cut it".

B: ① Fill in the sentence "One side of the soil and water will support one side of the people", and ② Fill in the sentence "Carefully carved".

C.① Fill in the sentence of "tracing to the source" ② Fill in the sentence of "If you don't cut the jade, you can't cut it."

D.① Fill in the sentence of "tracing to the source" ② Fill in the sentence of "carving carefully"

4. One of the following punctuation errors is

A. The five main lines of Peking Opera-life, Dan, quietness, beauty and ugliness-have their own characteristics in performance.

There are all kinds of club activities in the school. Should I choose literature club or astronomy club?

C. "One should not be conceited," the teacher told me seriously, "but one should not be conceited." .

D "Flowers at Morning" is the only collection of reminiscence essays by Mr. Lu Xun, which has always received rave reviews.

5. One mistake in understanding the rhetorical method of drawing horizontal lines in the following paragraph is that

I came to the countryside a few days ago and enjoyed the spring scenery in the countryside: ① Green rice fields set off golden rape flowers, sparkling ponds set off graceful weeping willows, and light shade set off simple white walls and black tiles, which was so fresh and beautiful. Walking into the field gently, a faint scent of earth came to my face. In the warm sunshine, colorful butterflies and pedestrians danced naughtily, which made people feel nostalgic. The countryside in April is full of vitality, which is simply an idyllic symphony full of commercial flavor. At the beginning of March, there was still heavy snow here. I didn't expect spring to come as scheduled, more beautiful and enchanting than in previous years. Isn't this a miracle and luck?

A.① Sentences use rhetorical methods of parallelism to describe the fresh and beautiful characteristics of the spring countryside in many ways.

The personification rhetoric is used in the sentence B. ②, which vividly shows the nostalgic scene of butterflies flying in the sun.

C) Sentence (3) Using the rhetorical method of metaphor, it vividly describes the characteristics of beautiful countryside's prosperous business in spring.

D.4 sentence uses the rhetorical method of asking questions, emphasizing that the author lacks sufficient mental preparation for the arrival of spring.

6. Combined with the context, the most suitable item to fill in the horizontal line is

In Chinese civilization, "harmony" is an ideal state of social life, an important value orientation and aesthetic pursuit, and also an important concept in today's society. . Building a harmonious culture requires us to correctly handle the relationship between man and nature, society, others and ourselves, pay attention to new phenomena in real life, respond to people's new demands in material culture and spiritual culture, and constantly improve social cohesion and creativity.

(1) emphasizes "harmony but difference" and promotes * * * understanding and unity on the basis of maintaining differences.

(2) Emphasis on strengthening moral cultivation, maintaining peace of mind and achieving physical and mental harmony.

③ Emphasize fairness and justice, and achieve harmony and stability through interest coordination.

It emphasizes that man is a product and an important part of nature, and should respect objective laws and strive to live in harmony.

A.③①②④b .④③②①c .④③①②d .③④①②

Two. Fill in the blanks (***8 points)

7. Dictation (5 points)

(1), leisurely see Nanshan. (Tao Yuanming's drinking)

I threw away the food bar and the cup. I can't eat or drink. (Li Bai's "Hard to Walk")

(3) Who hasn't died since ancient times? (Wen Tianxiang's "Crossing the Dingding Ocean")

④ The article "The Debate over Cao Gui" puts forward the viewpoint of choosing the time to launch an attack.

(5) The statement that the owner of the humble room hates secular life in the Humble Room Ming is.

8. Read famous books (3 points)

Confucius later carried forward Confucianism. His article "Get more help from the Tao, get less help from the Tao" fully expresses the people-oriented thought. He also emphasized the importance of "righteousness" and put forward the viewpoint of "sacrificing one's life for righteousness" in the article "The article is incisive and thorough, magnificent and full of arguments". The characteristics of rigorous argument are embodied in Born in Worry and Died in Happiness. (From the aspects of argumentation methods, argumentation ideas and language features, etc. You can simply choose one. )

Three. Comprehensive learning (*** 1 1)

Today, country parks have become an important part of many parks in Beijing. The school has carried out the practice of "Investigation of Beijing Country Parks". As a team member, please complete the following tasks.

(1) Please extract the information from the two materials provided by the group and briefly introduce the situation of Beijing country parks. (No more than 32 words) (5 points)

Material 1

Country parks are much bigger than city parks. The construction of country parks emphasizes the slight transformation of virgin forests, and does not encourage large-scale civil buildings to carve garden sketches with obvious traces. At the same time, the greening rate of country parks should be no less than 90%, and the coverage area of tall trees should be no less than 70%. Attention should be paid to the spatial configuration and seasonal changes of plants, and efforts should be made to present natural landscapes with wild characteristics. For example, there are 164600 evergreen trees, deciduous trees, shrubs and flowers in Guta Park in Chaoyang District. Visitors can fully feel the wildness of nature when they come here.

Material 2

Construction of Country Parks in Beijing

(planned to start in 2004 and 2007)

General forecast for 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 20 10, 201year, and 2020.

National Park

The cumulative quantity is 29.

(Original) 4459718191.

(Plan) 102

A:

(2) The following are interview records of three relevant personnel. Please sum up three reasons for building country parks. (3 points)

Staff of the Bureau of Landscaping and Greening: According to the statistics of 30 country parks, we can see that these parks can absorb molecular oxygen every year.

Carbonized 1.3 million tons of carbon and released 1 10,000 tons of oxygen, becoming the "green lung" of Beijingers.

Zhongguancun IT elite: every weekend, our family will go to country parks, and sometimes take a walk to feel the fresh air in the suburbs; Sometimes appropriate

Playing football with children on the natural lawn during exercise. In the most real natural environment, I forgot the pressure of urban work and released my inner anxiety.

Li Shifu, maintenance worker of Yudong Country Park: I am a worker, and I was laid off in 2006. After the completion of Yudong Park, the street arranged for me to work here, which provided us with a "green rice bowl".

A:

(3) When talking with Director Wang of a country parks management office, he said the following. In the face of Director Wang's difficulties, please make targeted suggestions to the competent authorities and tourists respectively. (3 points)

Director Wang: "Our country park has a large area and many facilities, but there is no ticket income. The maintenance fee given by the government is only 4 yuan/square meter every year. In the event of holidays, with the increase of tourists, the amount of garbage is getting bigger and bigger, and the phenomenon of green space being destroyed is also very serious, but we only have a dozen staff members, and many times we are really busy. "

Advice to the authorities: advice to tourists:

Four, classical Chinese reading (***8 points)

Read the preface to Send Ma Sheng to Dongyang and complete the question 10~ 12. (***8 points)

Send dongyang horse

I liked studying when I was young. Because my family is poor, I can't get books to read. I often borrow money from the library, copy it myself, and send it back on the appointed day. When the weather is cold, the water in the salt pond freezes into ice and I can't stretch my fingers. I still don't relax reading. After copying, please go back to China, and dare not exceed the agreed time limit slightly. So most people will lend me books so that I can read all kinds of books. Since the crown has been added, it is conducive to the worship of saints. He also suffers from celebrities and tourists who have no owners. He tastes and asks questions hundreds of miles away from his hometown. Senior honorary person, Yemeni students crowded his room, and his words and attitude were never slightly euphemistic. Around Lishi, he assisted the suspect and leaned over to ask questions; Or the more respectful and polite you are when you meet, you dare not say a word; Please ask again as soon as it is happy. So I was stupid and finally learned a lot. When I was looking for my master, I was walking in the mountains of Otani with my book box on my back and Tara shoes on. In winter, the wind was cold and the snow was several feet deep, and my feet and skin were frozen and cracked. After entering the room, my limbs were stiff and I couldn't move. The servant gave me hot water and covered me with a quilt. It took a long time to warm up. Stay in a hotel and eat two meals a day, without fresh fat and delicious enjoyment. All the students are all embroidered, wearing hats decorated with treasures, white jade rings on their waists, swords on their left and smelly faces on their right. I am wearing a robe, but I am not sentimental at all. Because there are enough things in your heart to make you happy, don't feel that the enjoyment of food is not as good as others. My efforts and efforts are probably like this.

10. Explain the meaning of adding words in the following sentences. (2 points)

(1) Leave after recording and send away:

(2) waist white jade ring waist:

1 1. Translate the following sentences in modern Chinese. (4 points)

(1), wandering in the ravine:

(2) If you travel against the trend, your host will eat again every day, and you won't enjoy the taste of fresh fat.

12. The author of this article is "from a poor family, I can't learn books", but I can finally learn something. The author's success mainly depends on his ideological understanding and behavioral characteristics. (Answer exactly) (2 points)

A:

V. Modern Reading (***3 1 min)

(1) Read Destiny's Drive and complete the question 13- 15. (*** 15)

Driven by fate

I was only in my twenties before the Cultural Revolution. I am determined to melt my life into the palette. The boat in the rain, the birds on the branches, the flowers and grass in the soil, and the vague and lively face in the evening firmly fixed me in front of the easel, and I never wanted to leave it again.

However, 1966' s sudden upheaval fell from the sky like a heavy hammer, smashing my world to pieces. As a result, those beautiful landscapes, birds and flowers, and dreams in the past generally dispersed.

3 overnight, the fate of thousands of people changed suddenly; Thousands of families have staged grotesque tragedies that have never been seen in books. At that time, there was a place by the sea called Guajia Temple, and people who threw themselves into the river were often found. There are old people, young people, and dead women with babies tied to their waists. Every time I see these people who destroy themselves with cruelty, my heart will tremble and I think that they must have a lot of unbearable pain. So I unconsciously made up their stories before they died. What you see, hear and feel in daily life naturally flock to fictional stories. At first, I just told these stories to my close relatives and friends. To be on the safe side, I changed the characters, places and social background in the story to foreign ones as old foreign novels or movie stories. I tell stories to ease my mood.

One night, there was a cold wind blowing outside. An old friend I haven't seen for a long time suddenly came to my house. Before I could say anything, he told a long and strange story in one breath. I listened, tearfully, and didn't know that the cigarette between my fingers had gone out. After he finished, he suddenly asked me in a trembling voice, "Do you think people in the future will know about our life?" This situation? Do you think anyone writes these things down now? But you must risk your life! However, how precious it is for future people! "We were all silent. We both thought according to his words ... from then on, I had the idea of writing.

I locked myself in my room and wrote secretly. As long as someone knocks at the door, I immediately stop writing and hide the written paper in the east and west. Although it is a few words, if this passage is discovered, it will ruin me and even my family. Later, I wrote a lot, so I buried these written things under the bricks in the yard, stuffed them in the cracks of the floor, or glued them layer by layer, and posted the Shanghai newspaper as the cover outside, so that they could be soaked in warm water and exposed one by one in the future ... but people who hide things always feel that nothing is safe. At one time, I rolled up these manuscripts and stuffed them into the beam tube of my bike. This car is placed in the company during the day, and the company clamors for the other party to find "enemy clues" all day. I always thought that someone would pounce and pull the manuscript out of the car tube. Anxiety torments me all day.

Finally one day, I quietly took out the manuscript and set it on fire. My heart calmed down at once, but it was followed by confusion and depression.

After that, once I have an irresistible impulse to write, I will tear it up while writing and throw it into the toilet. Sometimes I write it, read it to myself gently, reread it several times when I am moved, and finally I can only throw it into the stove helplessly. When the tossing and turning flames licked the paper soaked with hard work into thin ashes, my heart seemed to be pierced by the burning flame. What's the use of words that can't be published, shown to anyone or absorbed by people? What a stupid thing to do! What a stupid impulse! What hopeless hope!

But I must find strength from myself to enrich myself. I found that I have a conscience, I love my motherland and people, and I am silently doing something for the future of my motherland! In this way, I will never destroy every piece of paper I write. I am determined to do my job well-no matter what the future holds, no matter how far the light is, no matter how difficult and lonely the journey will be, how many obstacles there will be and what unexpected changes will take place.

Looking back now, this was my first step towards literature.

Attending that year I was in the south of Yunnan, where the subtropical customs refreshed me. The roofs of huts of Hani nationality, bamboo houses of Dai nationality and gorgeous short skirts of Miao women are mixed with a piece of kapok and palm, banana, bamboo bush and snowflake-like blue mountain shadow, which deeply moved me. Unconsciously aroused my desire to paint. When I got home, I quickly dug out the paper and inkstone that had been left for a long time, stayed in the house and painted for many days, and took out part of it to participate in the art exhibition. At that time, some friends really suspected that I was going to return to my old job. No, no, it's like being possessed for a while. Then, the potential characters in my heart began to emerge again, tormenting me day and night. I picked up my painting tools, wiped the desktop clean and put a stack of blank manuscript paper on it. ...

1 1 Yes, the reason why I left the painting I still love is because I switched from writing, probably driven by fate! This is not only the fate of individuals, but also the fate of contemporaries, the motherland and the nation.

(Author Feng Jicai has been deleted)

13. In the article, the author wrote down in detail his writing experience and mental journey when he first embarked on the road of literature in the special era of "Cultural Revolution". Read paragraphs ⑤-⑧ of the article and fill in the form. (5 points)

The writing of "I" has experienced the mental journey of "I"

Write in secret and hide the manuscript in various ways.

② Calm, vacant and depressed.

③ ④

Cherish the written manuscript ⑤

A:

14. In the first paragraph of this article, the author described that he was moved to pick up the brush again and finally returned to the road of literature. What is the function of these narratives? (4 points)

A:

15. Why does the author say that changing careers from writing career is not only the fate of individuals, but also the fate of contemporaries, motherland and nation? Please combine the content of the article and briefly describe your understanding. (no more than 150 words) (6 points)

A:

(2) Read Architecture and Chinese Characters and complete the question 16- 17. (***8 points)

Architecture and Chinese Characters

As a homologous cultural phenomenon, China architecture has a close relationship with Chinese characters, which embodies the cultural psychology of * * *.

(2) First of all, they all pay attention to the law of symmetry. Many Chinese characters are symmetrical, such as "zhong" and "Shen", and the vertical pen is the symmetry axis. The traditional architecture in China also presents the same characteristics, which is often called the pattern of opposites. The Forbidden City is symmetrical, so is the China Millennium Monument. To be exact, this is a static balance, psychologically rigorous, so there is a sense of solemnity. The symmetrical forms of many architectural combinations are also directly related to Chinese characters, which are used to express life wishes.

(3) Secondly, everyone pays attention to the principle of two sides. China's calligraphy pays attention to one word, and the strokes are divided into primary and secondary ones. With horizontal painting as the main pen, it is simple and elegant; With vertical painting as the main pen, the vertical posture is tall and straight, handsome and magnificent; With the skimming as the main pen, the experience is open and steep. Other strokes cooperate with it, pursuing dynamic balance in change, showing a lively state. The principle of subject and object in architecture requires that the main building and the attached building echo each other, which can not only highlight the main building, but also show the spiritual significance pursued by the designer.

④ Third, everyone pays attention to the method of density. When calligraphers create, they also take into account the blank space, black and white, which are not achieved by strokes in their modeling, forming a unique sense of space beauty. Architects' design ideas are consistent, that is, the use of various buildings should be staggered. With the help of corridors, bridges, pavilions and other elements, there can be dialogue and separation between buildings, thus constructing the artistic conception of "communication, transparency and ethereal", which makes the architectural space not only meet the practical needs of living, but also carry the cultural connotation of improving the quality of life.

⑤ These connections between China architecture and Chinese characters are not accidental. They echo the harmonious and orderly cultural concept emphasized by the Chinese nation, as the Analects of Confucius said: "The sum of heaven and earth is joy, and the order of heaven and earth is ceremony." The realm pursued by Chinese characters and architecture actually reflects China people's yearning for harmonious and orderly living conditions among people, things and things, and things and people.

With the development of the times, the future world tends to be integrated, and the traditional cultures of various countries are easily covered by other cultures. Then, in order to inherit the essence of traditional culture, only by instilling traditional cultural concepts into modern design thinking can architectural design works be full of vitality and competitiveness.

16. Combined with the relevant contents in paragraph ④, the reason why the sentence "The architect's design concept is the same with it" cannot be deleted is given. (3 points)

A:

17. Read the article and use the knowledge in the article to explain what laws are used in the buildings in the following two materials, what effects are achieved, and what cultural concepts are embodied together. (5 points)

Material 1

Qiao Family Courtyard is the residence of Qiao Zhiyong, a famous commercial and financial capitalist in Qing Dynasty. The compound is a fully enclosed castle-style building complex, with an area of 10642 square meters and a building area of 4 175 square meters, which is magnificent. An east-west straight tunnel divides six courtyards into two rows, north and south, and there are courtyards in the courtyard. From the air, the 3 13 houses in the whole building complex just form the word "Xi", which is known as "a pearl in northern residential buildings".

Material 2

The main part of T3 Terminal Complex of Capital Airport is the largest single terminal building in the world at present, which looks like a dragon soaring in colorful clouds. More ingeniously, the designer designed a building "GTC" shaped like a blue pearl in front of the traffic center "Longkou", where tourists gathered to realize the function of traffic distribution.

A:

(3) Read Calm is True and complete the question 18-20. (***8 points)

It's true to calm down

Zhuge Liang, who wrote "indifferent to a bright future, quiet and far-reaching", was born in troubled times, and heroes all over the world chose their masters and became officials. However, he lived quietly in Nanyang for ten years, understood the general trend of the world, devoted himself to studying the strategy of the art of war, and took the world as his responsibility. When Liu Bei visited the Caotang, Zhuge Liang planned a grand blueprint for Liu Huangshu to divide the world into three parts, and struggled for it all his life, becoming a famous figure in history. Zhuge Liang's case well reflects the relationship between calmness and the realization of life ambition. However, in the complicated real world, we often have to face the hardships of life, career setbacks or the temptation of fame and fortune, but it is not so easy to be calm. Throughout the ages, I don't know how many people have lost themselves and lost the direction of life. Therefore, having a calm heart in a noisy world is a valuable life wealth.

Calm can cultivate strong spiritual strength. Sun Kang in the Jin Dynasty loved reading when he was young, but because of his poor family, he didn't even have light oil to read at night. But it is his calm mind that makes him forget the hardships of life, concentrate on nothingness, stick to his thirst for knowledge, maintain a strong spiritual strength in his heart, study hard in the cold winter, and finally complete his studies and achieve his life goals. "Sun Kang Xue Ying" has also become a moving picture in history.

Calm can be distilled into an open-minded attitude towards life. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Su Shi's official career was bumpy and he was repeatedly relegated, but his calm attitude made him always face setbacks with a positive and optimistic attitude towards life. When the storm raged, he could sing loudly: "Why don't you sing and walk slowly?" Bamboo poles and sandals are more dexterous than riding horses. What's to be afraid of? A misty rain is a lifetime. "What is even more rare is that because of his calmness, he has been pursuing a tasteful life and simply carved his frustrated life into the life coordinates respected by later literati.

Calm can sublimate a noble spiritual pursuit. When the world can't resist countless temptations and go with the flow, a calm person will never do so. After the Curies discovered radium and successfully extracted it, it will be used to treat cancer. They could have become millionaires overnight, but they believe that radium is an element and should belong to all mankind. So they don't apply for patents, and they don't reserve any rights. They give up all the material benefits brought by inventions. It can be seen that with a calm mind, we are unmoved by fame and fortune, and we are willing to pay everything for the happiness of mankind. This kind of life will also shine.

⑤ If you lose your composure, the courage to win the battle will disappear in the face of the hardships of life; Without calmness, in the face of unsatisfactory career, the calm mentality will disappear; Without calmness, in the face of the temptation of fame and fortune, the lofty pursuit will be lost in vulgarity. So, my friends, please cherish this precious wealth of life, always have a calm heart and live the truth of life!

18. In the first paragraph of the article, Zhuge Liang's example illustrates the role of calmness. (2 points)

A:

19. Read paragraphs ② and ④ and briefly analyze why it is said that "calmness can cultivate strong spiritual strength" and "calmness can sublimate noble spiritual pursuit". (4 points)

A:

20. According to the context, please choose the most appropriate sentence in the column statement and fill in the underlined part of paragraph ③. (Fill in serial number only) (2 points)

Confucius said, "The three armed forces can win the position of commander in chief, but ordinary men can't win the ambition."

② Zhuangzi said: "If you are simply indifferent, you can't worry about it, and evil spirits can't attack it."

(3) Qu Zi said, "It's a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and I'm from Xiu Yuan. I will do it up and down. "

Six, composition (50 points)

2 1. Title: inverted.

Requirements:

(1) Copy the questions on the answer sheet.

(2) Style is not limited (except poetry).

(3) The number of words is between 600 and 1000.

(4) Don't appear the name of the school or the names of teachers and students in the composition.