If you want to grow slide mushrooms, you need to ask professional technicians for advice!

Plastic mushroom cultivation technology

The glacier mushroom is also known as the phoenix mushroom and the pearl mushroom. It is delicious and has high nutritional value. It originated in Japan and later developed to most parts of northern my country. Our county has begun large-scale production in recent years. Several years of production practice have proven that the production of slide mushrooms in the northern region is a good project for the vast number of rural areas to get rid of poverty and become rich. The following introduces the cultivation technology of Lizi mushroom.

1. Culture material formula

Formula 1: 50 kg of sawdust, 7.5-10 kg of wheat bran and rice bran, 1.5 kg of cornmeal, 0.5 kg of gypsum, and 0.25 kg of lime. Recipe 2: 30 kg of sawdust, 15 kg of crushed corn paste, 2.5 kg of wheat bran, 2.5 kg of rice bran, 2 kg of cornmeal, 0.5 kg of gypsum, and 0.25 kg of lime.

2. Determination of cultivation period and selection of varieties

Mushrooms are low-temperature fungi with a long growth cycle. They are generally sown in spring and will produce mushrooms in autumn. Since the mushroom is cultivated on semi-cooked materials, low-temperature germination must be used to resist or reduce the growth of miscellaneous bacteria, so the cultivation period must be early. My field is planted in early January, no later than April 10th. Suitable varieties with high quality, high yield and strong stress resistance should be selected.

3. Production equipment

1. The mushroom house for cultivating slide mushrooms must be clean, free of debris, pollution-free, rainproof, with more doors and windows to facilitate ventilation and replacement. air, which is helpful for regulating the temperature and humidity of the room. You can also use a simple shed and a ditch or a greenhouse to make a mushroom house. The upper part should be shaded and rainproof, and the ground should be padded with river sand about 3.3 cm thick. The indoor culture rack can be set up in layers with wooden poles. Generally, the height of the rack is 1.7 meters and placed 6 The distance between floors is 0.3 meters, and the bottom floor is 0.2 meters from the ground. 250 plates can be placed in each 15-meter-2 room, and 625 kilograms of materials are used.

2. The steamer is rolled into an iron plate or built with bricks into a steam drum with a diameter of 1.2 meters and a height of about 1.2 meters. The pot platform and the steam drum should be tightly airtight, and the outside of the iron drum should be There must be an insulation layer of more than 3 cm. It can be surrounded by paper or plastered with ash. It can also be wrapped with straw rope and then plastered with hemp ash. There is also an insulation layer placed in the pot, 20 cm away from the water surface.

3. Tray, also called mushroom curtain, is used to hold culture materials. Take 9 0.6-meter-long corn stalks and thread them with wooden strips to form a 0.35-meter-wide curtain.

4. Fungus block mold: Use a 1 cm thick wooden board to nail a movable module that is 60 cm long, 35 cm wide and 6 cm thick.

5. Plastic sheeting (mulch film): Use non-toxic film with a thickness of less than 0.005 meters and cut it into pieces 90 cm wide and 100 cm long.

IV. Medium Proportion and Disinfection Method

1. Choose one of the two formulas above, weigh and mix well, add water, and adjust the water content to 60~ 65, pile it up for half an hour and set aside. Others can refer to the artificial cultivation technology of Yuan mushroom.

2. After the water in the steamer is boiled and steamed, put a layer of sacks on top, and then put a layer of dry ingredients on top. After putting it in the pot, wait for the air to come up, then open the lid and see where it is. If there is air, spread the ingredients wherever you want. The ingredients should be spread loosely and evenly. Do not press them. Stop loading when it is 10 cm away from the upper mouth of the steamer drum. Close the lid tightly and wait for the atmosphere to rise. Measure the temperature of the upper layer of ingredients. Keep the fire off for 2 hours at 100℃, and start taking out the pot when the temperature of the surface material drops to about 70℃.

It is best to place the steamer indoors or close to the inoculation room and mushroom house. The mushroom house can double as the inoculation room during initial production in rural areas. Regarding the sterilization time, if the quality of the culture material is good, it can be maintained for 1.5 hours after sowing in the atmosphere in February to March; if the quality is poor, it must be maintained for 2 hours after being sown in April.

3. After steaming the packaging materials on the upper plate, wrap them while they are hot. Soak the plastic cloth in 0.1 potassium permanganate solution for 5 minutes. Shake off the water droplets and lay it along the mold. Put the hot materials in Flatten the mold slightly, wrap it with plastic cloth, remove the mold frame, place it in the inoculation room and let it cool, waiting for inoculation.

5. Inoculation and culture of bacteria

1. Inoculate in the inoculation room, fumigate and disinfect with 10 ml of formaldehyde and 8 g of potassium permanganate per cubic meter, then cool to Open the material package below 30℃ for inoculation. The strains are white, robust, and pollution-free and of age-appropriate strains. Bacteria bottles, inoculation tools and hands must be washed and disinfected with 3 Lysol or 0.1 potassium permanganate to avoid being infected with miscellaneous bacteria. Mix the strains broken into apricot pit-sized pieces and sow them on a 1-centimeter-thick surface. You can also make 9 1-centimeter-sized holes on the surface first, then spread the strains and flatten them slightly. Each plate requires 500 grams. (1 can bottle) 1 bottle of culture, then wrap it tightly to prevent opening.

2. To grow bacteria, place the wrapped tray on a shelf to grow bacteria. If the temperature is low in spring, you can pile up a few more layers to grow bacteria, but you must empty the pile every 7 days. By April It should be on the shelves by mid-month.

6. Management of fungus growth and overexposure

During the fungus growth period, great attention should be paid to fresh air in the mushroom room. Four tips for growing oyster mushrooms: Keep the room dry and avoid stuffy heat. It is humid, and the room temperature should not exceed 30°C. Set up a shed in front of the window to prevent direct sunlight. When the ground is too humid and the air becomes sour, ventilation should be strengthened, and quicklime should be sprinkled to absorb moisture to prevent the growth of bacteria. When the temperature in the mushroom house cannot be lowered for a long time, you can spray cold water on the ground, walls and roof to cool down. During the germination period, the positions of the mushroom trays on the upper and lower sides of the culture rack and in the north and south directions should be exchanged every 30 days to promote neat germination. If water seeps out from the bottom of the tray, you should gently open a corner to control the excess water.

7. Management during the fruiting period

1. For very early seeds, when the temperature drops to 20℃ in late July and early August, the bacteria in the mushroom house should be cleaned immediately. Block, eliminate the polluted ones, remove indoor debris, disinfect with Lysol or lime water, spray dichlorvos 800 times or fenvalerate 1500 times to kill insects. The ground can be padded with river sand and sprinkled with clean water. Adjust the indoor humidity to above 80, and after 1 to 2 days, remove the film for sterilization. The method is to use a sterilized knife or saw blade to make a cut on the mushroom material from one end to the other every 3 cm (about 1 cm deep) to facilitate ventilation and mushroom growth.

2. Mushroom promotion: Sprinkle more water on the ground within 2 to 3 days of inoculation to keep the air moist and fresh, so as to promote the emergence of mushroom buds. The mushroom promotion period is about half a month. Water should be sprayed sparingly and frequently. The floor, walls and ceiling of the mushroom house should be sprayed. More cold water should be sprayed in the morning and evening to make the moisture content of the mushroom tray reach more than 70%. It is advisable to press the material with your hands until the material becomes soft and water seeps out.

3. Management during the differentiation period. When mushroom buds appear like rice grains, you should reduce or not spray water on the bacterial tray (to prevent water accumulation on the tray from causing dead mushrooms), and spray water on other parts to ensure Air humidity. At this time, the air humidity must be maintained at 85~95. As the mushrooms grow, the oxygen demand increases. Pay attention to the replacement of fresh air, but only open the leeward window and do not blow through the hall to avoid drying the mushroom body and Causes the mushrooms to bloom prematurely.

4. Management during the mushroom growth period. When the mushroom cap grows to 0.5 cm, you can lightly spray water on the mushroom tray. The water should not be too cold or too hot, and do not hit the mushroom buds with heavy water. In the future, as the mushrooms grow, gradually spray more water, at least 2 to 3 times a day. When the weather is windy and dry, spray more water. If you can spray one more time at night, the yield can be increased. During the fruiting period, the room temperature should be kept around 15°C, the humidity should be above 90, and the water temperature should be between 10 and 20°C.

5. Prevention and control of pests and diseases should be based on prevention. Pesticides should be sprayed twice a month during the germination period. Pyrethrin drugs (such as deltamethrin, etc.) should be used during the interval between two mushroom tides. .

8. Harvesting and Processing

When harvesting, hold the mushroom roots with your hands and gently pull them out. Do not pick up the material. Stop watering for 3 to 4 days after harvesting. , remove dead mushrooms, residual roots and debris, and raise the room temperature to cultivate bacteria to facilitate a high yield of mushrooms during the tide. The second tide of mushrooms is still mainly managed by watering, and the method is the same as that of the first tide of mushrooms. The application of Fenggubao in combination with water spraying can increase the yield by more than 15%. Generally, 3~4 mushrooms are produced, and the biological efficiency can reach 60~80% (1.5~2kg per plate). The processing method is the same as that of salted oyster mushrooms, and it can be processed according to the requirements of the purchasing department.