The original poem is as follows:
When will the singing and dancing in the West Lake stop?
The warm wind makes tourists drunk and makes Hangzhou Bianzhou.
2. Translation
Rhyme translation
Castle peaks stretch around the West Lake, and there is no end in sight. When will the singing and dancing on the cruise ship on the lake stop?
The warm and fragrant fragrance blew people drunk, which simply made Hangzhou a Bianzhou.
Random translation
When will the singing and dancing of the West Lake stop?
The lewd fragrance intoxicated the pleasure-seeking nobles, and it was simply to regard the peaceful Hangzhou as the old Bianjing!
3. Notes
Lin 'an: Now in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, after the Jin people captured Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty fled to the south and made their capital in Lin 'an.
Di (dǐ): Hotel.
West Lake: a famous scenic spot in Hangzhou.
When will it stop? When will it stop?
Smoke (xūn): Blow, used to warm the fragrant wind.
Straight: it's simply.
Bianzhou: Bianjing, now Kaifeng City, Henan Province.
4. Appreciation
This is a poem written on the wall of a hotel in Lin 'an City. The first sentence of this poem points out the characteristics of Lin 'an City, where the green hills overlap and the terraces are row upon row, and the second sentence points out in a rhetorical tone that there is no end to singing and dancing by the West Lake. The last two sentences describe the indulgence of the politicians in satirical language, and through the comparison between "Hangzhou" and "Bianzhou", the decadent nature of "tourists" is exposed without emotion, which also shows the author's anger at the politicians' failure to recover their lost land and his concern about the fate of the country. The whole poem is ingenious in conception, accurate in wording, and sarcastic in coldness, which is written from the lively scene; Extremely indignant, but not abusive: it is indeed a masterpiece in allegorical poetry.
In the first sentence of the poem, "Outside the Mountain, there are green hills and towers", the poet grasps the characteristics of Lin 'an City-overlapping green hills and rows of towers. This first describes the great mountains and rivers of the motherland, rolling hills and pavilions one after another. What a beautiful nature it is. As far as poetry creation is concerned, the poet's description of the beauty of mountains and rivers shows a kind of pleasure. Then he wrote: "When will the West Lake song and dance stop?" The poet was hurt by the reality of the country. Such a beautiful mountain and river is occupied by Jin people. The word "Hugh" in the poem not only implies the poet's heartache for the real social situation, but more importantly, it shows the poet's indignation at those in power who blindly "Hugh" to make peace, do not want to recover the lost land in the Central Plains, just beg for peace, indulge in debauchery and have fun. In the poet's mind, the "West Lake Song and Dance" is just a lewd song and dance that kills the fighting spirit against gold. How much he hopes that this kind of singing and dancing will soon "rest". Here, the poet used rhetorical questions, which not only strengthened his anger at these politicians who did not want to recover lost ground, but also showed the poet's sadness caused by his concern about the fate of the country.
The last two sentences are "the warm wind makes tourists drunk and makes Hangzhou Bianzhou". "Tourists" can't just be understood as ordinary tourists here, but mainly refer to the ruling class of the Southern Song Dynasty who forgot the national disaster, lived quietly and had fun. This sentence is closely related to "When will the West Lake dance stop?". Faced with this incessant singing and dancing, the poet couldn't help showing his feelings when he watched these "tourists" revel in it. Among them, the word "warm wind" is a pun. In poetry, it refers to both the spring breeze in nature and the lewd wind in society. In the poet's view, it is this "warm wind" that blows the mind of "tourists" so intoxicated that they forget that their country is in danger. Among them, the words "smoked" and "drunk" are used subtly. First of all, the word "smoked" implies the huge and lively scenes of those songs and dances, creating a decadent atmosphere for "tourists" Then the word "drunk" was followed by the word "smoked", which vividly portrayed the mental state of those "tourists" who indulged in debauchery. The word "drunk" left a rich aesthetic imagination space-the ugliness of "tourists" in this beautiful "West Lake" environment.
In this state, the poet wrote at the end: "Make Hangzhou Bianzhou directly, in order to further show that tourists are drunk." The capital of the Song Dynasty was originally located in the capital city of Bianliang, but it was occupied by gold. That is to say, among the fans, these "tourists" simply regard Hangzhou as the old capital Bianzhou. Here, it is meaningful for the poet to use "Hangzhou" instead of "West Lake". Because although the "West Lake" is in Hangzhou, when it comes to the "West Lake", it is the best place to visit mountains and waters, and it is only a scenic spot in Hangzhou. The poet's use of "Hangzhou" is a good contrast with the song capital "Bianzhou" ("Bianzhou" has been occupied by Jin people). In contrast, it not only leads to the special name of Bianzhou, which is full of political significance, but also helps to express the poet's feelings-exposing the despicable behavior of "tourists" who ignore the future and destiny of the country, indulge in drunkenness, and ignore the national economy and people's livelihood. At the same time, it also expresses the poet's deep concern about the fate of the country and the nation, and his anger at the rulers who only seek peace and surrender to the outside world.
Of course, there are many reasons for the demise of the Northern Song Dynasty, but the extravagance of the rulers must be one of them. There are many reasons for the partial security in the Southern Song Dynasty, but one of them will be the one who plays happily in the ruling and opposition parties and leads a drunken life. Lin Sheng's poem, which is found in "Notes on a Tour of the West Lake", was written about a social phenomenon that was open and common at that time, which was not surprising to anyone. When written to him, it was shocking and hard to feel, so it was a successful irony.