By the end of the Han Dynasty, Nineteen Ancient Poems wrote: The Altair is far away, and the Jiaojiao River is a Chinese girl. Fine hands, make a loom. All day long, there is no chapter, and tears are like rain. The river is clear and shallow, how much difference does it make? Between the water and the water, the pulse is speechless. For example, in Cao Pi's "Yan Ge Xing", it is said that Petunia and Zhinv look at each other from a distance, and they have already regarded Zhinv and Petunia as a pair of lovers. Therefore, the Qin and Han dynasties should be the early stage of the formation of the story of Cowherd and Weaver Girl.
In the Qin bamboo slips unearthed in the sleeping tiger area of Yunmeng, Hubei Province, there is a record of petunia trying to get (marry) the weaver girl without success. The story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl has been roughly outlined in Yin Yun's Novel during the Southern Dynasties. At that time, there were many similar records, such as The Story of Jingchu's Age written by Zong Gu, The Story of the Harmony of the Continuation of Qi written by Wu Jun, and The Story of Local Conditions written by Zhou Chu, all of which told the story of the meeting of the cowherd and the weaver girl on Tanabata.
The two stories of Tian Kunlun in Sou Shen Ji and Guo Han in Tai Ping Guang Ji discovered in Dunhuang Grottoes in the early 20th century had a greater influence on the completion of the story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
According to the story of Tian Kunlun, Tian Kunlun was a poor man. One day he saw three fairies taking a bath in the river, so he stole one of the clothes. As a result, the two older fairies went away with their clothes in their arms, and only the youngest fairy dared not go out of the water, and later married Tian Kunlun. They gave birth to a son Tian Zhang. Later, the goddess returned to heaven, and the story of her son Tian Zhang looking for her mother appeared again.
The content of Guo Han's story is similar. It's just that this Guo Han is a beautiful, talkative and industrious scholar. He said that he was watching the moon in the courtyard one day and suddenly saw the Weaver Girl coming down to earth. The two of them hit it off, so they made a private reservation for life. Since then, the weaver girl has traveled from heaven to earth every night. One day, the Weaver Girl suddenly said to Guo Han: When the Emperor of Heaven knew about this, he ordered me not to come again, and we said goodbye forever. This Guo Han became ill with grief. When the Weaver Girl learned about it in heaven, she sent a servant girl down to earth and presented two poems. One of them said: The lover is dead, and when will the reunion be? This account can be said to be the literati story of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl.