1 introduction

Puyang, a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Henan Province, is located in the northeast of Henan Province, in the plain of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, bounded by 35 20' 0 "to 3612' 23" north latitude and114 52' 0 "to16 east longitude. It belongs to temperate monsoon climate; Hepu Expressway closely connects Hebi and Puyang. The total area of the jurisdiction is 4 188 square kilometers. It governs 5 counties, 1 district, 1 national economic development zone, 1 industrial park and 1 urban-rural integration demonstration zone; The total population is 3,940,600, and the permanent population is 3,627110,000 (at the end of 20 16).

Puyang was called Emperor Mountain in ancient times. It is said that Zhuan Xu, one of the five emperors, used it as the capital, so it has the reputation of imperial city. During the Spring and Autumn Period, it belonged to the State of Wei. 1949, Puyang agency was established. 1952, under the leadership of Henan province. 1983, Puyang city was established.

Puyang is the location of Zhongyuan Oilfield, an important national petrochemical base, a manufacturing base of petroleum machinery and equipment, a national historical and cultural city and one of the important birthplaces of the Chinese nation. It is an important origin of China's surnames, and surnames such as Lu, Zhang, Fan, Yao, Qin, Gu, Meng and Luo all originated here. Famous scenic spots include: Qicheng Ruins, Cang Xie Ridge, Jiangjundu, etc. In 20/0/2, Kloc was named "The Imperial Capital of China" by China Ancient Capital Society.

2. Geographical environment

(1) location environment

Puyang City is located in the northeast of Henan Province, in the lower reaches of the Yellow River and at the junction of Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. It faces Jining City and Heze City in Shandong Province in the east and south, Liaocheng City and Tai 'an City in Shandong Province in the northeast, Handan City in Hebei Province in the north, Anyang City in Henan Province in the west and Xinxiang City in Henan Province in the southwest. It is located between 35 20 ′ 0 ″ north latitude and 3612 ′ 23 ″ east longitude, and between1kloc-0/4 52 ′ 0 ″ ~16 5 ′ 4 ″ east-west length. The total area of the city is 4 188 square kilometers.

② Topography

Landform is the middle and rear part of the third step in China, which belongs to? Part of the alluvial plain of the Yellow River. The terrain is relatively flat, slightly inclined from southwest to northeast, and the altitude is generally between 48 and 58 meters. The area of the southwest beach in Puyang County is as high as 6 1.8 meters locally. The southwest of qingfeng county Public Town is only 44.2 meters away from Zhiji. Flat land accounts for about 70% of the city's area, depression accounts for about 20%, sand dunes account for about 7%, and water accounts for about 3%. There are 97 rivers in Puyang, most of which are small and medium-sized rivers, belonging to the Yellow River and Haihe River. The main rivers crossing are the Yellow River and the Yellow River. Jindi River and Weihe River. In addition, the larger rivers include the natural Yan Wen Canal and? Ma Jiahe, Zhulong River? Tu Haihe and so on. ?

(3) Climate and environment

Puyang city is located in the mid-latitude zone, which is controlled and influenced by the southeast monsoon circulation all the year round, and belongs to the warm temperate and semi-humid continental monsoon climate. It is characterized by four distinct seasons, drought and sandstorm in spring, heat and rainstorm in summer, sunny and sunny in autumn and less rain and snow in winter. The light radiation value is high, which can completely meet the needs of double cropping of crops a year. The annual average temperature is 13.3℃, the annual extreme maximum temperature is 43. 1℃, and the annual extreme minimum temperature is -2 1℃. The frost-free period is generally 205 days. The annual average sunshine hours are 2454.5 hours, and the average sunshine percentage is 58%. The annual solar radiation is 1 18.3 kcal per square centimeter, and the annual effective radiation is 57.9 kcal per square centimeter. The annual average wind speed is 2.7 meters per second, and the dominant wind directions are south wind and north wind all the year round. There are many southerly winds in summer and northerly winds in winter, and the wind speed is changeable in spring and autumn. The annual average precipitation is 502.3 ~ 601.3mm. ..

(4) Hydrological conditions

The Yellow River enters Puyang from Hezhai Village, Changyuan County, Xinxiang City, and flows through Puyang County, Fanxian County and? The southern boundary of Taiqian County starts from Zhangzhuang Village in Taiqian County in the north, with a domestic flow length of about168km and a drainage area of 2,487km2.

Weihe River originated in Muchuan County, Shanxi Province at the southern foot of Taihang Mountain. Anyang city? Nanshan Village in Neihuang County enters Puyang City in the north, flows through Qingfeng County and Nanle County, exits east of Ding Cun in Nanle County, and enters Linqing, Shandong Province after entering Hebei Province, with a domestic flow of 29.4 kilometers and a drainage area of 380 square kilometers.

Jindi River, a tributary of the Yellow River, originated from? Zhang Si drainage ditch in Xinxiang County enters Puyang from Wuyemiao Village, hua county, Anyang City, flows through Puyang, Fanxian and Taiqian County, and flows into the Yellow River in the north of Zhangzhuang Village, Hu Ba Town, Taiqian County. The domestic flow length is 125km, and the drainage area is 1750km2. The main tributaries in China are Huimugou, Sanlidian, Wuxing, Liu Fang Zhuang, Huxiang, Pucheng and Menglou. ?

Ma Jiahe originates from Zhangzhou slope in Puyang, flows from west to northeast through Puyang County, Hualong District, qingfeng county and Nanle County, exits from Xixiaolou Village in Nanle County to the northeast of Linqing, Shandong Province, and flows into Bohai Sea. The river in the territory is 62.5 kilometers long, with a drainage area of 1 150 square kilometers. The main tributary in the territory is Zhulong River.

Tu Hai was originally one of the nine rivers in Yushu. At that time, because Dayu used a large amount of labor to manage the river, and the forests on both sides of the river were dense, wild boars appeared and sometimes hurt civilian workers, all his disciples were afraid of wild boars, so he was named as a terrorist act. For thousands of years, this river has disappeared and it is difficult to find. Today's Tuhai River is not a river in Yu Shu, but a flood control and drainage channel dug in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, named "Tu Hai". Tuhai River originates from Wawutou Town, qingfeng county, Puyang City, flows through Xiaojia Village, Fukan Township, Nanle County, and enters Shenxian County, Liaocheng District, Shandong Province. After Zhanhua County in Binzhou City joins the Qinkou River, Dongfeng Port enters the sea at Storm Station. Total basin area 13902 km2. ?

5] Land and soil

Land Soil The land area of Puyang City is 4 188 square kilometers, of which cultivated land accounts for 57.09%, with per capita 0.07 1 hectare (1.07 mu). Its basic characteristics are: flat terrain, deep soil layer, convenient for development and utilization; The reclamation rate is high, but the per capita possession is small and the reserve resources are scarce. Puyang City has a long history of land development and utilization. Most of them have been cultivated as farmland, and the land reclamation rate is 87.5%. There are few uncultivated wasteland suitable for agriculture except for production, construction and living land. [5]

There are 3 soil types, 9 subtypes, 15 soil genera and 62 soil species in Puyang city. Tidal soil is the main soil, accounting for 97.2% of the city's land area, distributed except in the northwest? Most areas outside the old course of the Yellow River. Tidal soil has grayish yellow surface, deep soil layer, high maturity, loose soil, moderate sand viscosity, good tillage, moderate acid and alkali, and high fertility. It is suitable for planting a variety of crops and is an ideal soil for agricultural production. There are two subtypes of aeolian sandy soil: semi-fixed aeolian sandy soil and fixed aeolian sandy soil, which are mainly distributed in the old course of the Yellow River in northwest China, Hualong District, qingfeng county and the west of Nanle County. Aeolian sandy soil has low nutrient content, poor physical and chemical properties, water leakage and fertilizer leakage, which is not conducive to farming, but suitable for afforestation and gardening. Alkaline soil is only a subclass of meadow alkaline soil, which is mainly distributed in the houhe depression of the Yellow River. Because alkaline soil is too alkaline, it is difficult for ordinary crops to grow. After improvement, rice can be planted.

3. History and culture

(1) Overview

Puyang is rich in cultural heritage. Puyang is a national historical and cultural city, known as "Zhuan Xu's Legacy Capital" and "Shun Di's Hometown", and was named "China's Imperial Capital" by China Ancient Capital Society. The dragon-shaped mussel unearthed in 1987 more than 6,400 years ago is known as the "Yilong of China", and the Chinese Yanhuang Culture Research Association named Puyang "loong Capital" accordingly. Puyang acrobatics enjoys a good reputation at home and abroad, and it is the "hometown of acrobatics in China". ?

② Festival culture

Puyang is? Loong, the hometown of acrobatics, dragon culture and acrobatic art are the characteristics and brands of Puyang, and they are the important contents of building a harmonious Puyang. Since 2000, the city has held Longwen Culture Week once a year. In 2003, it was changed to loong Cultural Festival, and an acrobatic art festival was added. Since then, six loong cultural festivals and three acrobatic art festivals have been held. Since the founding of the city, Puyang has held a sports meeting every four years. Puyang loong Cultural Festival and Acrobatic Art Festival have become influential festivals in Henan Province and representative cultural brands in Puyang City. On June 8th, 2007, the first Cang Xie Chinese Character Culture Festival was held in wucun, Liangcun Township, Nanle County. ?

(3) Cultural heritage

National intangible cultural heritage

Northeast Zhuang acrobatics? Breeze Liu Zi drama? Nanle Mulian Opera? Fan county? Four tones? Fan county? Luo Juanxi? Puyang county? Daxian opera? Puyang county? Big flat tone?

local speciality

Puyang zhuangmo

Aijichang cold rice noodles

Puyang pantaojiu

Zhikun food bean foam? Chili soup

Yang Baiwan time-honored mutton restaurant

Liutun cake Misandao

Shuangmiao bean jelly

Langzhong Bate Mutton Soup Puyang

Fanxian county Wu Jia meat

Fanxian big steamed bun

Mengcun Rose Grape?

4. Attractions

By the end of 2009, there were 65438 immovable cultural relics +0279 in Puyang. There are 5 state-level cultural relics protection units (Tang Wugong Monument, Qicheng Site, Yancunpu Revolutionary Site, Single Disabled Revolutionary Base Site, the front section of Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal). At present, there are 25 provincial-level cultural relics protection units: Xishuipo Site, Huiluan Monument, Memorial Site for Crossing the River by the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army, Chengzhuang Site, Tieqiu Site, Mazhuang Site, Xiancheng Site, Puyang Sipai Building (including houses in Crossstreet), Weishi Tombstone, Puyang Christian Church (including the former site of Huamei Middle School), Weihe Martyrs Cemetery, the former site of Hua Ye Puyang Army Command, and Bali Temple to cure the Yellow River. Lutz Tomb, former site of Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army Command, Zhao Pu Temple Daxiong Hall, Gaocheng Site, Xianqiu Site, Qingfeng Anti-Japanese War Martyrs' Shrine, former site of the CPC Jinan Special Committee and Puyang Catholic Church. Key cultural relics protection units at city and county levels 135. The city's main tourist attractions include Central Plains Green Manor, Shijin Garden, Pushang Garden, Maolou Eco-tourism Zone, Zhang Hui Park, Shun Di Palace, Dongbeizhuang, Luz Tomb, Qicheng Site, Zhuan Terrace, Sipailou, China Yilong, Huiluanbei, Yujing, Badufang and Puyang Army Memorial Hall of East China Field Army.

The tourist attractions in the urban area mainly include Nanle Cang Xie Ridge, Tanghuaihe Confucian Temple, Qingfeng Zhao Pu Temple Daxiong Hall and Zhang Qingfeng Filial Piety Monument, Puyang Dongpu Yellow River Bridge, Qucun Yellow River Flood Diversion Gate, Zhongyuan Oilfield Exploration Well, Tang Wu Gongbei, Fanxian Liqiaohe Bridge, Minzi Tomb, Cross Slope, Taiqian Zhanggongyi Tomb, Sunkou River Bridge and Beijing-Kowloon Railway Yellow River Bridge.