? Mount Lushan, selected as the seventh batch of famous historical and cultural towns in China, is located in the south of Yongchun County, Fujian Province. As a well-preserved thousand-year-old town in southern Fujian, it is an important carrier to maintain the nostalgia of southern Fujian, continue the history of southern Fujian and carry forward the culture of southern Fujian. It is of great value and significance for the protection, inheritance and research and development of Minnan culture and the construction of Minnan cultural ecological protection zone to protect the ancient towns and villages bearing local memories and history, so that the homesickness cultural cells can continue to be preserved and passed down and rejuvenated.

The traditional ancient village is an important part of the essence of traditional architecture in China. Its profound cultural accumulation, rich historical information and far-reaching cultural landscape truly reflect the imprint of rural economic development and human social life in the era of agricultural civilization. There are four traditional villages in China in Hushan Town, namely, Maoxia Village, Tangxi Village, Pushang Village and Puxia Village. One town has four traditional villages in China, which is the only township in Fujian Province. In 214, Maoxia Village was identified by the Fujian Provincial Government as one of the "1 key historical and cultural villages"; In 215, Maoxia Village was rated as a provincial rural tourism characteristic village by Fujian Provincial Tourism Bureau and Provincial Department of Finance as the second batch of "Fujian-Taiwan Rural Tourism Experimental Base" and was selected as one of the "Top Ten Drunken Villages in Fujian"; Beixi Village was selected as "the most attractive leisure village in China" by the Ministry of Agriculture, and Beixi Wenyuan was rated as a provincial four-star rural tourism business unit and AAA scenic spot.

Four traditional villages gather in a basin of 7 square kilometers in the town, among which there are more than 1,8 ancient litchi trees over 1 years old, the oldest of which is 5 years old, showing a unique style of "the village is in the garden and the town is in the forest". Although it has suffered some damage in the process of modernization, the spatial structure of ancient buildings, ancient trees, ancient temples, rice fields and streams that have remained for thousands of years is still preserved on a large scale. Together with the traditional farming lifestyle of transplanting rice seedlings, sowing, harvesting and threshing by hand, it constitutes a complete traditional rural pastoral cultural ecosystem in southern Fujian. It is a treasure of Minnan culture in live transmission and a gathering place for the protection of traditional ancient villages in southern Fujian.

The living fossil of traditional buildings in southern Fujian: the history of thousands of years has changed, and there are more than 35 traditional houses in southern Fujian that are still preserved in Hushan Town from Ming Dynasty to modern times. It also includes a Fuxingtang residential building, a provincial cultural relics protection unit, which can be called "the masterpiece of traditional construction technology in southern Fujian". These dwellings retain the wood and stone frame of traditional buildings in China, and are improved according to the local unique building materials and climatic conditions, forming a unique architectural style of "red brick, gray tile, white stone foundation, dovetail ridge" and "three-in-five-bay and two-protection".

most of the traditional houses here use the whole log as the component, red bricks and gray tiles fired by clay as the external components, and large pieces of white stone as the foundation, which have good moisture-proof, drainage, firmness and wear resistance, and are suitable for the local humid and rainy climate, and are the perfect interpretation of the harmony between man and nature in architecture.

Xiushan traditional folk house retains the architectural pattern of "the back of the mountain is close to the field, and trees are planted around the water" throughout the ages. The design of patio, drainage, wind pool and roof orientation inside the building is closely related to the builder's zodiac sign, attributes and mountain terrain trend, which is an important historical material for studying the geographical position pattern of buildings in southern Fujian.

most of the architectural techniques are carved with beams and painted with buildings, painted with gold and colored plastic, elegant and gorgeous. Carving types include wood carving, brick carving, stone carving, etc. The forms include round carving, freehand carving, relief carving, etc. The theme covers flowers, birds, fish, insects, auspicious animals, war scenes, characters' allusions, myths and legends, etc., and the skills are exquisite and colorful. Generally speaking, the construction concept, layout and structural decoration of the traditional folk houses in Xiushan are all models of traditional architecture in southern Fujian, which can be called a living fossil of architectural skills in southern Fujian.

The "antiquity" of Mount Xiushan not only has a long history, but also lies in its cultural tradition. Many cultural partners are still alive today, such as the black tile kiln left over from the Song Dynasty, and now one or two kilns are burned every month, and each kiln produces seven or eight thousand pieces of traditional black tiles for the maintenance of local ancient buildings; In the ancient stockade, blowers for production appliances, earthenware jars and stone mills for daily necessities can be seen everywhere, and a breath of life rises from the smoke; In the field, the old farmer wearing a hat and rolling his trouser legs is driving the buffalo in the cultivated land, connecting with the paddy field into a peaceful picture of harmony between man and nature; In the ancient CuO, flower windows, cornices, plaques, couplets and scales are integrated with smart kettles, smart appliances and time newspapers with the flavor of the times; On the ancient street, the old people are holding pipa, flute and erhu, playing and singing the southern sound of "living fossil of Chinese classical music" leisurely; On the stove, the local specialty food-Bangshe turtle adheres to the technological process and formula passed down from generation to generation, emitting a familiar ancient flavor; At the New Year's Eve, people still retain the traditional activities and customs such as "inviting fire", "dancing dragon lanterns" and "dancing bronze people". The people and villages here abide by the past rules and traditions-before the ancient times, half an acre of ponds, full of ducks, surrounded by houses in Guli, gradually became forests, with rice ridges and mountains, and many ladders. Ancient objects do not exist in the form of lonely, dead and silent cultural relics, but are accompanied by people's big data, Internet of Things and intelligence, which can be called the museum of Minnan Culture live transmission.

the root of folk culture in Fujian and Taiwan: the hometown of Qingshui, a well-known ancestor, is in Xiushan town. In 137, Chen Rongzu, the founder of Qingshui, was born in Pushang Village, Xiushan Town, and studied and practiced in Xianyuyan, Nanshan. After he became a Taoist, he gave medicine everywhere, preached scriptures and prayed for general salvation. At the age of 65, he died as a Buddha in Qingshui Rock, Anxi, and his dharma name was universal. He was the first of the five folk beliefs in southern Fujian, with hundreds of branches and many believers in Fujian, Taiwan Province and some parts of Southeast Asia. As the hometown of Shimizu, Xiushan preserves the "stone study room" where the founder read and herded cattle when he was a child, the legendary story of the founder's "chanting at dusk" and the complete and rich belief culture of Shimizu. Every year, on the birthday of the founder, there will be followers of the founder who come to Fujian, Taiwan, Guangdong, Southeast Asia and other places, not far away, and come to Mount Xiu to find their roots, and cultural exchanges are booming.

It is also the ancestral home of the Chen family in Xiao Gu Nan Shan. 8% of Lushan people are surnamed Chen. Chen here is a school of Chen Captain Gong (Chen Hongyuan) who moved to Fujian from Gushi County, Gwangju, Henan Province in 956. In the early Song Dynasty, his descendants chose the foot of Nanshan Mountain (Lushan Town), a little sister-in-law, and built the Chen Ancestral Hall in 14. There are 24 generations of descendants from this ancestral hall, with a total population of nearly 5,. They are distributed in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Taiwan Province, Southeast Asia, the United States and Canada, and their footprints are all over the world. Every winter solstice, Chen Ancestral Hall holds a grand ceremony of "offering sacrifices to ancestors in winter", paying attention to offering sacrifices to ancestors, and the process follows the steps of "inviting grandmother", "thanking the land", "thanking kuixing", "offering incense", "offering wine", "reading sacrificial rites" and "offering worship and praying", and the process is complete and orderly. On that day, thousands of people from all over the world will come here to seek roots and worship their ancestors and talk about economy and culture. The scene is magnificent.

They believe in four common gods, namely, Bao Sheng the Great, Guang Ze Zun Wang, San Ping Zu Shi and Fa Zu Gong, and two national heroes, namely Zheng Chenggong and Qi Jiguang. These beliefs are not only an important part of Minnan culture, but also an important cultural hub connecting Fujian, Taiwan and Southeast Asia, which is of positive significance for strengthening cultural and emotional exchanges between Minnan Chinese in Fujian, Taiwan and even the world.

according to its own reality and the principle of "giving priority to protection, giving priority to repair and moderately developing", the Party Committee and Government of Xiushan Town actively explores a scientific and reasonable sustainable development model, protects ancient historical and cultural towns and villages, takes rural revitalization as the main line, and takes rural scenery, ancient streets, ancient buildings and ancient dwellings as the carriers to activate the vitality of traditional villages, and upgrade culture, renovate features and improve facilities.