Geographical location

The Macao Special Administrative Region is a part of China, located on the southeast coast of Chinese mainland, on the west bank of the Pearl River Delta, adjacent to Guangdong Province, 6 kilometers away from Hongkong and 145 kilometers away from Guangzhou. Local time is 8 hours earlier than Greenwich Mean Time.

Area

The total area of Macao has been expanding due to land reclamation along the coast, which has gradually expanded from 1.28 square kilometers in the 19th century to 28.6 square kilometers today, accounting for about one fortieth of that of Hong Kong and one twenty-third of that of Singapore. Macao includes Macao Peninsula,? Two outlying islands, Tsai and Luhuan. The peninsula is connected to Chinese mainland in the north, and the Jialebi Bridge, Friendship Bridge and Xiwan Bridge are connected to it in the south. Child connection; As for? Tsai and Luhuan are 2.2km long, 6-lane roads. Continuous roads are connected.

population

in the first quarter of p>27, the resident population of Macao was estimated to be 531,4. The population density is 18,581 people per square kilometer. The northern part of Macao Peninsula is one of the most densely populated urban areas in the world.

according to the preliminary results of the 26 by-census, 51.2% of the residents in Macao were women on August 19th. In terms of age groups, 15.2% are aged 15 or below, 77.7% are aged 15 to 64, and 7% are aged 65 or above. The average life expectancy of both sexes is over 79 years.

According to the by-census in p>26, among the 52, residents, 93.8% are China residents, 1.7% are Portuguese citizens and 2% are Filipinos. The official languages of Macao are Chinese and Portuguese. Over 95% of Macao residents use Chinese as their daily language, while .6% use Portuguese. The rest use English, Filipino and other languages.

According to the by-census in 26, over 78% of the population lived in Macao for more than ten years. As for the place of birth, 42.5% of the residents were born in Macau, 47.1% in Chinese mainland and 1.4% in other places.

Climate

Macau's climate is hot and humid, with a large temperature difference throughout the year. The temperature can be as high as 3 degrees Celsius from June to September and as low as 1 degrees Celsius from November to February, but the average temperature is rarely lower than 14 degrees Celsius. During the typhoon season every year, Macao may be affected by tropical systems from the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific Ocean.

location, scope, zoning and area

Macao is located on the southeast coast of mainland China, just on the west bank of the Pearl River Estuary. Its latitude and longitude positions are: 113 32 ′ 47 ″ east longitude and 22 11 ′ 51 ″ north latitude (based on the view of Yangshan in the east of the peninsula). Macao faces Hong Kong across the sea to the east, forming a horn, choking the throat of the Pearl River Estuary. In the west, it is separated from Wan Chai in Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province by water, and the Haojiang Waterway between them is only over 1, meters wide. After crossing the inner and outer cross gates in the south, there is the vast South China Sea. The north is connected with Gongbei of Zhuhai City by an ancient sand dike, and the land boundary is only 24 meters long.

Macao is only 61km east of Hong Kong and 15km north of Guangzhou, which is a straight line distance. The three places are separated from the outer edge of the Pearl River estuary (see Figure 1.1). The Pearl River is the fourth largest river in China, and the Xijiang River is its longest trunk. Tracing back from Macao along the Xijiang River, it can reach Zhaoqing, Wuzhou and other places, with rich products along the way. The Pearl River Delta, with developed transportation and prosperous economy, is not only one of the richest areas in South China, but also in China. Macao, with the Pearl River Delta and the middle and lower reaches of Xijiang River as its hinterland, is adjacent to two big cities, Hong Kong and Guangzhou, and two special economic zones, Zhuhai and Shenzhen. Such a geographical location plays an important role in its economic development.

From a wider perspective, Macao's position in East Asia is also moderate (see Figure 1.2). It is just the relay point of the route between Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia, about 2,8 kilometers northeast of Tokyo, about 2,6 kilometers southwest of Singapore, and only 1,2 kilometers southeast of Manila. Such a moderate geographical position established Macao's important position in the trade between the East and the West in the 16th and 17th centuries.

the Macao area includes the Macao peninsula and the two islands of taipa and luhuan (figure 1.3). The distance between north and south is 11.8 kilometers, and the distance between east and west is 4.4 kilometers. The range starts from 113 34 ′ 47 ″ east longitude in the west, 113 35 ′ 2 ″ east longitude, 22 6 ′ 4 ″ north latitude in the south and 22 13 ′ 1 ″ north latitude in the north. The total land area is 17.316 square kilometers. The area around the roundabout is the largest, with 7.87 square kilometers; The Macao Peninsula is second, with 6.45 square kilometers; Taipa Island is the smallest, with only 3.779 square kilometers. (1)

The Macao Peninsula is shaped like a boot, and it runs northeast-southwest. The long axis is about 4 kilometers from Guanzha in the northeast to Magezui in the southwest, and the short axis from northwest to southeast is about 2 kilometers from the seaside of Shalitou to the Oriental Hotel on Friendship Avenue. The narrow river channel (Haojiang River) on the west side is the inner port, and the outer port facing the Pearl River estuary on the east side. The peninsula is the political, economic and cultural center of Macao, where most of the industry, commerce and population are concentrated. The Macao Peninsula is further divided into five districts, each named after the main churches in the district (in fact, they were originally Catholic parishes). The names and areas of each district (measured according to the 1,-scale map of Macao Peninsula published by the Macao Cartography and Cadastral Department in 1986) are as follows:

Huawangtang District (Saint Antoinette District) is 1.72 square kilometers

Wangdetang District is .655 square kilometers

Fengshuntang District (Saint Lengzuotang District) is .844 square kilometers

Lobby Hall District. Dimatang District is 2.424 square kilometers

Huadimatang District is located in the northern part of the peninsula, with the largest area, including Qingzhou, Taishan, Racecourse, Chopsticks Base, Wangxia, Heishawan and the new port reservoir. Wangdetang District is in the middle of the peninsula, with the smallest area, including Holland Garden, Tashi and Songshan Mountain (looking east at Yangshan Mountain). Huawangtang District is located on the west side of the peninsula, including Shagang, Xinqiao, Shali and other places. The famous St. Paul's Archway, Big Fort and Baige Nest Garden are all in this area. The lobby area is located in the southeast of the peninsula, including the new port, the newly reclaimed land in Nanwan, the end of Shuikeng and the long and narrow section between Xinma Road and Caodui Street. Fengshuntang District is located at the southwest end of the peninsula in the southwest of Xinma Road, including Gangding, Xiahuan, Mage, Xiwan and the west section of Nanwan.

Tangzai is located about 2.5 kilometers south-southeast of Macau Peninsula, and the west is about 8 to 1,2 meters away from Little hengqin island in Zhuhai. About 2km to the south of Taipa Island is the Coloane, which is connected by a continuous road with a length of about 2,225m. To the west of the island is the Great hengqin island in Zhuhai, with the narrowest part less than 3m apart. Due to the inconvenient transportation in the past, the two outlying islands of Taipa and Luhuan have not been developed for a long time, with few residents. In 1974, the 2,5-meter-long Aodang Bridge was completed and opened to traffic, thus connecting the two outlying islands with the Macao Peninsula. In recent years, the northern part of Taipa has developed rapidly. The University of Macau (formerly the University of East Asia), the highest institution of learning in Macao, is located here. The international airport and the deep-water port have been built in Taipa and Luhuan respectively, and a second 3,9-meter-long bridge has been built to connect the international airport, which will certainly further promote the development of the two islands.