Dongying City

Dongying City is an emerging city that rose from the ground with the development of Shengli Oilfield. It includes Dongying and Hekou districts and the three counties of Guangrao, Lijin and Kenli. The Yellow River It flows into the Bohai Sea in Kenli County.

·Oil City·

More than 20 years ago, the mouth of the Yellow River was sparsely populated. The pioneers described their lives as "walking on wide roads and listening to the cries of duck baskets." . "Kuankuan Road" actually has no road, so you can walk in the grass. "Duck Basket" is a kind of skylark. It sings in thousands and thousands to answer each other in the wilderness. It sounds good, but it only makes the wilderness more empty.

After nearly 30 years of development by oil workers, the mouth of the Yellow River has undergone tremendous changes. Although reeds can still be seen everywhere today, asphalt roads extending in all directions have been paved among the reeds, a lineup of oil lifters has been deployed in the wilderness, and the sound of machines is everywhere.

A new oil city has risen in the saline-alkali land. The city developed near a small village called Dongying, and the city was named after Dongying. Dongying City has a universal spirit. People came from all over to fight for oil, and there was no "native", so a new custom was formed based on the character of oil workers.

There is a tall iron gate in the Gudong oil production area, decorated with red paint. Workers call it the "Big Red Gate". There is a ballad that goes: "Everyone who enters the Big Red Gate is from Gudong. "There is no other prejudice at all. This can be regarded as a representative mentality of Dongying people.

Gudong used to be close to the seaside, with only one willow tree on the saline-alkali land. Drivers always regard this willow tree as their target when driving from a distance. Everyone knows this tree. Now this place is called "Gudong Yishu". Although this place has a long name, But everyone loves it. Some people opened a restaurant next to the tree, connecting the name of the place with their own name, and the signboard was "Gudong Yishu ×× Hotel".

Citizens’ hitchhiking habit is to stand on the roadside and wave to a large or small car, and the driver will most

stop the car. This is a habit of oil field workers. The urban area has long had modern buildings and streets, but when parking at a red light, cars, jeeps, trucks, buses and carriages, streetcars, and handcarts can all be lined up together. The history of the city is very short. Not long ago, there was a military horse farm on an isolated island at the mouth of the Yellow River. It is now a farm.

It brews a kind of grain wine. Few outsiders know about it. People in Dongying love to drink it. It is commonly known as " Racecourse Wine”. From the perspective of folklore, everything in Dongying City should be well recorded. It reflects the formation process of customs in a new city.

·Xianhe Town·

Xianhe Town is a town on the lowermost reaches of the Yellow River and is the living area for employees of Shengli Oilfield. Surrounded by endless reeds, the town has the most beautiful buildings and streets today.

The name monument of the town was erected on October 1, 1991. The tall marble monument is engraved with the introduction: Xianhe Town is located on the delta alluvial fan at the end of the Yellow River, with the Yellow River as its neighbor and the Bohai Sea as its neighbor. It is about 70 kilometers away from Dongying. The town was planned and designed by Shanghai Tongji University in 1983. The planned area is 525 hectares. It is composed of office areas, public construction systems and 8 residential areas and 16 villages. The total designed area is about 900,000 square meters. Construction started in May 1984. .

Most of the commercial service units in the town are named after Xianhe: Xianhe Shopping Mall, Xianhe Cinema, Xianhe Hotel? The name of Xianhe also has its origin: at the mouth of the Yellow River, it changed its course several times, and one change left The old river channel forms a tidal zone. The water depth is not visible at high tide, and the beach is not exposed at low tide. No matter how rough the sea is, once the ship enters this old river channel, it will be calm and safe. Therefore, the fishermen and crew call it "Shenxian Ditch" . The new town was built on the bank of "Shenxian Valley", so it was named "Xianhe Town". Now, people use the homophonic pronunciation of "Xianhe" and "Xianhe" to build two fairy cranes flying side by side on the top of the town's famous monument. How many interesting folk customs have been caused by the homophonic changes of Chinese characters!

·The Easternmost Village of the Yellow River·

The Yellow River alluvials new land at its mouth every year. The locals call this land-building force "squirting", also called "catch up with the Yellow River" ". As new land becomes available, people will come to cultivate it. This is called "running along the Yellow River" or "going down".

Families living in "lower areas" build a simple house to stay, which is collectively called "lower house". Among them, the simplest one is half underground and half above ground, called "underground house". The specific title is based on the owner's surname, such as "Zhang's house", "Li's house", etc.

In the beginning, people in the "lower areas" were attached to their hometowns, planting seeds in the spring, and returning to their hometowns after the autumn harvest.

This is called "running households". As time went by, they stopped "traveling", completely settled down, had children, and gradually formed a village. Most of the villages called "×× house", "Wujiazi" and "Seventeen households" were formed in this way.

The villages closest to the mouth of the Yellow River include Xizhang, Xisong, Yucai, and Xihan, all in Dongying City

Hekou District, but under Kenli It is under the jurisdiction of the county and the villagers refer to themselves as "enclaves". Among the four villages, the one with the largest scale, the oldest history, and no signs of temporary existence is Xihan Village.

Xihan Village was established in 1965. It was also called Hanjiawu at that time. Now it has grown to 64 households, cultivating 1,500 acres of land, growing wheat, corn, and Soybeans and, in recent years, rice are also grown. In the past, there were many upper houses and thatched houses in the village. In recent years, houses with eaves and tiles have also been built. When I came here, there was a lot of wasteland, and every family had a large courtyard. The courtyard was surrounded by branches and reed poles, which was commonly known as "foil shoji". It has become common to build temporary houses in the courtyard, and they are called "back house", "thatched house", "cow house", "tractor house", "motorcycle house" and so on.

The villagers have a good spirit of unity. When someone builds a new house, they first post a couplet: "When the foundation is implemented, relatives and friends will help

When the new house is built, all the people of Ge Village will support it." This is how the couplet is written, and this is how everyone does it.

There is a strange phenomenon: Western Korea has established a village in Wali for more than 20 years, and most of the children born in Wali have grown up. However, it is still not an independent administrative village, and village administration is still managed by Xihan Village, Dongji Township. The two villages have the same name, both called Xihan. The people in Wali call the village in front of them "home", and the people who go back to their hometown call it "shangshang". They have close and frequent contact with people in their hometowns, which are 180 miles apart. Many young people get married in their hometowns. Although it is only 3 miles away from Yucun, there is little contact between the two villages.

The villagers cut reeds, beat grass with shirts, fish, hunt hares and other activities, which are all very interesting to outsiders.

·Lijin Yellow River Terminal·

Lijin County is the county closest to the Yellow River. In the old days, there was a commercial wharf on Dongguan Street that could accommodate nearly a thousand large and small ships. Five hundred large ships left the mouth of the Yellow River and entered the sea, traveling between Northeast China, Hebei and Jiaodong. Two hundred medium-sized ships can go as close as Luokou Town in Jinan and as far away as Henan and Shanxi. There are 200 small boats, mostly used for short-distance transportation and fishing. In 1965, the port was moved to Doufu Lane in the city and was still busy with ships. In recent years, the Yellow River has been dry and navigation has been neglected. However, you can still learn a lot about the navigation customs on the Yellow River by visiting the old days near the docks in the city.

The wharf is commonly known as the cargo yard. In the past, the ships in the Yellow River were known as "Huazi" in the local cargo ships. Those coming from the upper reaches were of the "Yangmu", "Ganda", "Chicken's Nest", "Bianzi" and other types. The smallest ship was called "Xiaoshuan". boat". At that time, ships all had nicknames, which were humorous and friendly. The ones I remember include Dui Niu, Dui Chuan, Wo Zi, Da Zhi Lu, Xiao Luo Basket, Shuang La Zi, Two Mast Qi, Niu Zi and Mao Zi.

The Yellow River boatmen's chants are loud and clear. There are many types of chants, including going out of the river, going down the river, lifting anchor, tenting, twisting and pulling.

·Yellow River Swordfish·

The area around the mouth of the Yellow River is known as the "Hometown of Hundreds of Fishes" because all fish from the sea and rivers can be caught. Among all the fish, the one that is most loved by people along the Yellow River is the Yellow River saury, which is rarely known to outsiders.

The Yellow River saury belongs to the family Dykeidae, and is also called "spear saury". The small one is six or seven inches long, and the large one is more than a foot long. Its body is thin and bright, like a sharp knife. It grows in rivers as well as in the sea. Every year before and after Grain Rain, it goes upstream from the sea along the Yellow River, where it lays eggs as far as Dongping Lake. After the Beginning of Autumn, it swims back to the sea. The period from Grain Rain to Xiaoman is the flood season for catching saury in the Yellow River. The fishing proverb says: "The wheat is slightly yellow, and the saury is long." This is also the season when the Yellow River saury is plump. Although Yellow River saury can be caught after the beginning of autumn, its taste is far different from that caught in spring.

The ideal place to catch Yellow River saury is near the floodplain. There are two types of nets: seine nets and sticky nets. To make a seine net, you first ram a wooden stake in the river, tie one end of the net to the wooden stake, then rock the boat to release the net, and then rock the boat to collect the net. When the fish are strong, one net can be Gained a thousand catties. The net-sticking operation involves inserting poles into the river and hanging fine wire nets between the poles. When saury passes by, the fish stick to the net and the fishermen regularly rock the boat to get the fish.

Yellow River saury is plump and rich in fat. It does not require many condiments when cooking, and the meat tastes mellow and delicious. There is a folk way of eating that can be said to be hearty. The fish is cooked in a dry pot, and the fish is oozing with oil. It is rolled into a single pancake, and after one bite, the pancake and fish meat are eaten down, leaving fine fish bones around the pancake roll. Pull it off with your hands, take another bite, and pull out the thorns as you eat. When the cake is gone, the fish is also gone. This is the most unforgettable delicacy in the countryside.

·Fotou Temple Pottery·

In Shengli Township, Kenli County, there is a village called Fotou Temple, which is close to the Yellow River. It has been making pottery for generations. In the past, it mainly made household pottery. , now famous both at home and abroad for its craftsmanship of black pottery.

When making household pottery, we often make seasonal utensils according to the seasons: spring-fired water jars, summer-fired flower pots, autumn-fired yellow pots, and winter-fired noodle urns. The yellow basins are made in sets of various sizes and are most widely used for serving vegetables and kneading noodles. There is a local saying: "The yellow basins of Fotou Temple are in sets", which is well-known to every household within a hundred miles.

The larger one is used to store water, and the smaller one is used to serve rice and soup. It is said that the rice and soup will cool down slowly and will not become sour. There is also a kind of jar with a lid, the background color is black when fired, and it is painted with red clay. They are all simple and cute. Other utensils include wine stoves, incense burners, noodle jars, and flower pots. There are also various ceramic toys such as small whistles, pairs of whistles, rattle eggs, cuckoo birds, clay dolls, and Sun Wukong.

In recent years, hand-made pottery only makes large and small flowerpots. There is a mud nest in the workshop, mixing mud, covering mud, stepping on big mud, stepping on small mud, cutting mud with a bow, weeding, kneading and making pottery. The pottery making techniques that have been popular for thousands of years, such as pottery making, putting on the wheel, pulling out the pot, pulling the rim, shaping, placing the pot on the pot, drying the blank, loading the kiln, firing the kiln, and taking it out of the kiln, can all be witnessed here.

Leveraging the tradition of pottery making for generations, they easily set up a craft pottery factory. Still using Yellow River red mud as raw material, through molding, carving, polishing, calcining and other processes, the black pottery series products produced have more than 250 designs and varieties. The product is dark in color, hard in texture, delicate and bright, and has a clanking sound when knocked. It has high ornamental value and use value. Mass production includes antique vases, stationery, table lamps, figures, animals, hanging plates, etc.