About dosage
Most of them are natural medicinal materials, and their dosage is large, and the safety threshold of effective dosage is also wide. But it is not absolute. Some highly toxic drugs, such as aconite and croton, are prone to poisoning accidents if they are slightly overdosed. Generally speaking, increasing the dosage is not directly proportional to improving the curative effect. How to weigh the dosage of traditional Chinese medicine can be started from the following four aspects.
Strictly control the dosage of highly toxic drugs
For example, the effective dose of Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii is 3-6 grams. If it exceeds 10 gram, it is prone to poisoning. If it exceeds 30 grams, it is prone to death and must be strictly controlled. If the decocting time is prolonged, its toxicity can be reduced.
Quantify according to the status of drug action
Generally speaking, the dosage of monarch drugs and minister drugs is too heavy, while adjuvant drugs are too light. For example, when Guizhi decoction is used, Guizhi is the main ingredient, Paeonia lactiflora is the auxiliary ingredient, 5 grams of Guizhi and 0/0 grams of Paeonia lactiflora; When Xiaojianzhong Decoction is used, Radix Paeoniae Alba is the main ingredient, Ramulus Cinnamomi is the auxiliary ingredient, Ramulus Cinnamomi is 3g-4g, and Radix Paeoniae Alba is15g-20g. And that dosage of cassia twig and radix Paeoniae alba both exceed the usual dosage. Another example is the treatment of yang deficiency and cold witness. Sini decoction is generally used, with aconite as the main ingredient (5g ~ 8g) and dried ginger as the auxiliary ingredient (2g ~ 5g). If the situation is serious, if the yang falls off the pulse, Tongmai Sini decoction should be used, with dried ginger as the main ingredient (8g ~10g) and aconite as the auxiliary ingredient (4g ~ 6g), and the rest can be analogized.
Master the dosage according to different functional requirements.
For example, the dosage of Bupleurum chinense for relieving fever should be large (12g ~15g), and it should be light (3g ~ 6g) for soothing liver and relieving depression. Another example is Fangfeng, which can be used as dispersing wind, with a general dosage (5g ~10g) and a maximum dosage (30g ~ 45g) for removing arsenic poison.
Pay attention to the volume of medicine and master the dosage
The volume of the same dosage of medicinal materials varies greatly. Such as magnet 10 gram, only the size of three soybeans; If 10 gram of jade butterfly or medulla tetrapanacis, it can occupy half a medicine jar. In order to meet the requirements of decoction, the dosage should be mastered and the volume of medicinal materials should be properly considered. Such as minerals and shellfish, the dosage can be larger, generally around 30 grams. For some people who are large in size but not small in dosage, decoction can be used instead of water. Such as fulonggan, Prunella vulgaris, gourd ladle, motherwort and so on, it is necessary to first decoct the medicine in soup to get water and then decoct other medicines.
About processing
The processing of traditional Chinese medicine is directly related to the clinical curative effect. Here, we mainly talk about several specific issues:
Seize the necessary concoction
In order to reduce toxicity and improve curative effect, necessary processing is essential. If raw Pinellia ternata is cooked with ginger, the toxicity of Pinellia ternata can be reduced; Old brown charcoal, residual charcoal, etc. must be burned for hemostasis, otherwise it will not be easy to decoct and mix. Stir-fried scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is good at reducing fever, and scorched coix seed is good at invigorating spleen and stopping diarrhea, which must be indicated when writing prescriptions.
Avoid harmful processing
In the past, some concoctions lost their efficacy in pursuit of beauty. For example, clear water Pinellia tablets, areca catechu tablets, light aconite tablets, etc., the drugs should be soaked in water for many days to dilute the taste, and the cut pieces are like claw nails, which are shiny and transparent and very beautiful. In fact, most of the effective components have disappeared.
Reform cumbersome concoction
For example, if Gastrodia elata is fried with clam water, it is difficult to be sure that the fried medicinal flavor has any new special function.
Necessary medical advice
The "medical foresight" mentioned here mainly refers to the request for taking medicine.
Frequency of taking medicine
Take the decoction frequently, once every 4 to 6 hours if necessary; People who frequently vomit and have difficulty in eating should take a small amount and take it several times. If they are chronic diseases, take the medicine daily 1 dose, or two days 1 dose.
Time of taking medicine
Generally, those who take it twice a day should take it sooner or later. To take medicine in summer, it is best to take "first decoction" the night before and "second decoction" the next morning, so as to avoid the sour soup at high temperature at noon. Drugs that have * * * effects on the stomach, such as soapstone in Buxue Pills, are better taken after meals, after meals for patients with upper energizer, and before meals for patients with lower energizer.
Pay attention to nursing after taking medicine.
If you take the published medicine, you should cover it with warm water to take sweat after taking it to avoid catching cold when the wind blows. Some diseases should be paid attention to when taking medicine. For example, if you take laxatives, you must abide by the principle of "taking the benefits before taking them", so as not to make the overdoses hurt; In addition, it is still necessary to explain the diet taboos of the drugs taken.