1. Advantages: First, the yield is high, and the conventional planting is generally about 2000-4000 kg per mu, and the yield will increase with the increase of growth years; Secondly, the grass is tender and juicy, with more protein and complete kinds of amino acids, which can meet most of the needs of livestock for amino acids; Thirdly, it can be used for a long time and can be harvested continuously for 7-8 years with proper management. 2. Disadvantages: it is not cold-resistant and waterlogging-resistant, and it is easy to cause root rot after water accumulation in the planting area.

First, the advantages and disadvantages of alfalfa pasture

1, advantages

The yield of (1) is higher.

This variety is a high-yield forage grassland. Under conventional planting conditions, its yield can usually reach about 2000-4000 kg/mu, and the yield increases with the increase of growth years.

(2) rich nutrition

① The protein content of this variety is high, and the grass is tender and juicy, so it can be directly fed to livestock with fresh grass.

② The amino acids that make up protein are relatively complete, which can generally meet most of the needs of domestic animals for amino acids.

(3) Long service time

This variety is perennial grass, which can be harvested continuously for about 7-8 years under proper management after planting, which is beneficial to saving planting cost.

2. Deficiencies

(1) This variety is not cold-tolerant and waterlogging-tolerant, and it has certain requirements for its growth environment. If there is water in the planting environment, the roots will rot.

(2) The varieties should be harvested in time. If it is not harvested in time after flowering, the plant may lodging.

Second, the planting method and time of alfalfa

1, planting time

(1) Spring sowing

Sowing time is from the end of March to the beginning of April. At this time, the soil moisture is high and seedlings are easy to emerge. If sowing is too late, it will make it difficult to emerge after the spring drought.

(2) Summer sowing

① The sowing time is from June to July, when the temperature is high and there is much rain, which is beneficial to the rapid growth of seedlings.

It should be noted that there are many weeds and diseases and insect pests in this period.

(3) Autumn sowing

Sowing time is from the end of August to the beginning of September. At this time, the appropriate temperature, good soil moisture and slow growth of weeds are conducive to improving the emergence rate.

(4) Precautions

(1) sowing in combination with rainfall or irrigation conditions, especially after rain.

(2) After sowing, the soil should be pressed properly, which is beneficial to the excavation of seeds. ?

③ Spring sowing is not suitable for saline-alkali land, otherwise it will easily lead to seedling death.

2. Planting method

(1) Select varieties

① Select domestic varieties with strong adaptability that can be planted in mild saline-alkali land as production targets, such as Zhongmu 1, Grassland No.2, Gannong No.3, etc.

② Imported varieties with good quality and high yield can also be selected as production targets, such as Golden Queen and Algonquin, which should be planted in plots with good water and fertilizer conditions.

(2) Land selection and land preparation

① Choose a plot (neutral or slightly alkaline soil with PH value of 6.5-7.5) with deep and loose soil layer, which is convenient for irrigation and drainage, or plant it on saline-alkali soil with soil salt content of 0.2%.

(2) If sowing in spring, after the previous crop is harvested, we should use shallow tillage to eliminate stubble, weed and conserve moisture, then turn the soil deeply by 20 cm and rake it flat.

(3) If autumn sowing is carried out, after the crops are harvested, the soil should be deeply ploughed and raked.

(3) applying base fertilizer

Apply 2000 kg manure, 20 kg potassium sulfate, 10 kg urea and 50 kg calcium superphosphate as base fertilizer.

(4) seed treatment

(1) Dry the seeds for a period of time, and then select the seeds with good quality as the sowing objects.

(2) Seed dressing with pesticides, herbicides, rhizobia and fertilizers in proportion to prevent plant diseases and insect pests at seedling stage. Seed dressing with rhizobia can use 1 kg of drugs per1kg of seeds, increasing the yield by more than 20%.

(5) Sowing method

(1) When the ground temperature is 5-6℃ (the suitable temperature does not exceed 25℃), when the water condition is good, start sowing. The row spacing of drilling is 30-40 cm, and the row spacing of dense ridge and sparse planting is 15-20 cm.

② The dosage of domestic seeds is 1- 1.5kg/ mu, and that of imported seeds is 0.75- 1kg/ mu. The dosage of seeds can be appropriately increased in saline-alkali land.

③ What is the sowing principle? Shallow sowing in wet soil and deep sowing in dry soil? Generally, the soil is 2-3 cm, the clay is about 2 cm and the sand is 3-4 cm.

④ If the soil is loose, 1 time can be suppressed before and after sowing, which is beneficial to master the sowing depth and achieve the effect of moisture conservation.

(6) Site management

(1) Check and replenish seedlings in time. When the new seedlings grow three real leaves and the plant height exceeds 5 cm, they can be watered. Water 1 time before winter and after turning green. After mowing, you can water them according to the drought of the soil. Watering methods can be furrow irrigation and sprinkler irrigation.

(2) Alfalfa is not tolerant to waterlogging, and it will die after 24 hours of flooding, so it is necessary to do a good job of drainage after planting in low-lying areas or entering the rainy season.

③ Weed at seedling stage 1 time. After turning green, before and after the second mowing, herbicide after seedling can use herbicide such as diazofen and bentazon. It should be noted that drugs should not be used 2-3 weeks before harvest to prevent livestock from being poisoned after eating.

④ After planting for 4 years, pests and diseases will begin to increase. At this time, measures can be taken to prevent and control diseases, such as spraying pesticides, removing diseased leaves, cutting ahead of time, etc., but the fundamental measures are to plant disease-resistant varieties and dressing seeds before sowing.

⑤ The cutting frequency is 3-5 times/year, and the period from initial flowering to full flowering is about 7- 10 days. The first 1 mowing time is the early flowering period (the flowering amount reaches110), because the stems and leaves are rich in protein at this time. If the mowing time is later than,

⑥ 1 crop can be harvested in the middle and late May, and then harvested every 30-40 days according to the situation of water and fertilizer, and the stubble is 5 cm when harvesting.

⑦ During the last 1 mowing period, a growing period of 40-50 days should be reserved for alfalfa to overwinter safely.