2. Water content: it is not drought-tolerant and waterlogging-tolerant, but the water demand is different in different growth periods. In order to promote the growth of branches, leaves and flowers in the early stage, the soil water content should be about 70% of the field capacity, the fruit expansion growth period should be more than 80% of the field capacity, and the late stage should be about 60% of the field capacity, so as to promote the maturity and lignification of branches.
3. Illumination: Raspberry needs illumination about 10 hour every day. In the case of sufficient light, the fruit grows vigorously, matures well, leaves are thick, flower buds develop well, and the fruit has high sugar content and good quality. On the contrary, the fruit is small, the quality is poor, and the branches grow weakly. Therefore, planting density and pruning management should meet the normal growth and development of plants.
4. Temperature: The adaptive temperature range of raspberry growth and development is about 10-25 degrees. When the temperature is as high as 30 degrees, the growth will be inhibited. For example, when the leaves are cold, raspberries can endure the low temperature of MINUS 30 degrees after being buried underground to prevent cold. The accumulated temperature of raspberries needs 2200-2600 degrees, and the growth period is about 120 days. 1. planting date and method: plant spacing is 0.5- 1m, and row spacing is 2.5-3.0m ..
Spring planting: thaw the soil to a depth of 65,438+00-50 cm, then dig a pit for planting, with a depth of 30 cm and a width of 30 cm. Apply decomposed organic fertilizer 1.5 kg to each hole, mix with topsoil, and plant seedlings 1 plant in each hole. The root system should be spread in the hole, and the planting depth should be the same as the original soil trace of the seedling. To soil compaction, water.
Summer sowing: This method is limited to short distances. In the germination season of roots and tillers (seedlings), select seedlings about 25 cm high, dig them out with soil, plant them in rainy days, water them for 5-7 days, and start to grow. The planting method is the same as spring planting. Because the seedlings are tender, afraid of the sun and easy to lose water, it is best not to plant them in sunny days. If you want to plant it at night, you should have shading equipment and sprinkler irrigation.
Autumn planting: before covering the soil to prevent cold, choose plants with more roots, more basal buds, fullness and good wood, and dig holes according to the spacing between plants. The planting method is the same as that in spring. If the seedlings are planted in different places, they should be packed and transported in straw bags, which should be kept moist to prevent the seedlings from being blown dry during transportation. After planting, the stems on the ground should be cut off by 3-5 cm.
2. Post-planting management (mainly spring planting)
Water: After planting, the soil should be kept relatively moist. If it is dry, water it in time, but wet the dry soil layer and connect it with the wet soil underground, so as to avoid over-irrigation affecting the air permeability of the soil and rotting the seedlings. After each irrigation, loosen the soil shallowly by 3-5cm to raise the ground temperature. After planting seedlings in spring, they can also be covered with plastic film to raise the ground temperature and keep moisture.
Loosening and weeding: after each watering or raining, loosen the soil once to prevent soil hardening.
Fertilization: In order to promote the healthy growth of the surviving seedlings, a small amount of topdressing is carried out once a month from May to July, and the topdressing urea per seedling is about 65,438+00-20g, which is about 20 cm away from the seedling base. Open-loop ploughing should be used to spread chemical fertilizer evenly into the ditch, and soil should be covered and watered to loosen the soil and keep moisture.
Tie branches: when the seedlings grow to about 60 cm, bury the wood, bamboo or wooden poles and erect the poles for 2 meters. The height of the telephone pole is about 1.5 meters. At the same time, tying branches to poles is beneficial to the growth of branches. Otherwise, the branches will bend to the ground, which will affect the growth and maturity of the branches.
Autumn pruning: when the plant grows to 10 month, autumn pruning shall be carried out on the branches, keeping the height of the branches at 1.6- 1.8 meters, and cutting off the top, so as to promote the maturity and lignification of the branches and increase the overwintering and cold resistance.
Overwintering by burying soil:165438+1October: Before burying raspberry for cold protection, water the plot once, and then slowly press branches in the same direction, take soil from the rows to press branches, and bury the whole plant tightly, with the burial thickness of 15-20cm. The width of cold ridge is about 1 m. Want to know more, go to /newsx.asp? ID= 174 website.