Alyssum flowers are like lilies, exquisite and delicate, the color is pure white like snow, and the fragrance is quiet like orchid, so it is named Alyssum. The common name of Alysium is "ginger flower". This article is the cultivation method of Alysium that I compiled. and precautions, I hope it will be helpful to you.

How to breed alyssum

1. Soil: Alyssum prefers sandy loam with rich organic matter, strong water retention capacity and good drainage, with a pH of 6 to 7.2. Acidic soil is more suitable for cultivation.

2. Watering: The soil must be kept moist after planting and before germination. After budding, the amount of watering should be gradually reduced and the soil surface should be kept as dry as possible to reduce air humidity and prevent diseases.

3. Lighting: Although alyssum likes light, it should also avoid strong light. When the light is too strong and the temperature is high, a sunshade net with a light transmittance of 70 can be used for shade.

4. Temperature: Temperature management is very important for the production of cut flowers of Alyssum. It has poor cold tolerance. The suitable temperature for growth is 15~20℃, and the minimum temperature for overwintering is 3~5℃. Pay attention to the temperature. Ventilation is required when the room temperature is above 25°C, and insulation or heating is required when the room temperature is below 10°C.

5. Fertilization: The organic fertilizers and compound fertilizers applied before planting can basically meet the growth needs. However, if the plant growth is weak, apply ammonium nitrate once more when there are 2 to 4 leaves. , urea and potassium sulfate. Use 0.2 potassium dihydrogen phosphate as foliar fertilizer when the flowers first bloom, but it is best to avoid top dressing before and after budding. Apply organic liquid fertilizer once every two weeks, or compound chemical fertilizers in appropriate amounts.

6. Insect diseases: Alyssum is prone to mosaic disease, ball rot, etc. The soil and bulbs should be thoroughly disinfected when planting, and the potting soil should be completely replaced every year. At the same time, attention should be paid to the prevention and control of aphids. In the early stages of aphids, spray 40 omethoate solutions 1500 times or 90 trichlorfon solutions for control.

The morphological characteristics and varieties of alyssum

Alyssum is a perennial bulbous herbaceous plant with small conical bulbs underground, usually with 6 nodes and a diameter of about 2 cm, each node It is covered with a fibrous outer covering, which is brown and rough. The stem is slender, branched, soft and cannot grow upright, green, 30 cm to 45 cm long. The basal leaves are nearly as long as the stem, sword-shaped, entire, with parallel veins. The stem leaves are similar to the basal leaves, slightly shorter, about 10 cm long, and both have no petioles. The peduncle emerges from the leaf axil at the top of the stem, with its apex twisted on one side, and a terminal raceme. Each sequence bears more than 6 to 10 small flowers, which are rich in color, including yellow, white, red, purple and other different colors. aromatic.

There are many horticultural varieties of alyssum, which can be divided into seed series and bulb series according to their breeding methods. The seed strains include SuPergiant, Royal crown, etc., and the bulb strains include Fantasy, Romany, Dana, Blue bird, etc.

Ecological habits of alyssum

Alyssum is native to southern South Africa. It likes warm and humid climate conditions, avoids heat, and is afraid of severe cold. The suitable temperature for growth and development is 15?C ~ 20?C, and the minimum tolerance is 3?C ~ 5?C. The temperature difference between day and night is large, which is conducive to growth and development. The night temperature is 10 ?C~15?C is suitable, and it should not exceed 20?C during the day, otherwise the growth will be poor. The optimum temperature for the budding and flowering period is 14°C to 16°C. It likes light and requires sufficient sunlight, but the response to sunlight is different before and after flower bud differentiation. Before flower buds differentiate, short days are beneficial to inducing flower bud differentiation. After flower buds differentiate, long days are beneficial to flower bud development and advance the flowering period. Normal cultivation will bloom from March to April, but refrigerated cultivation can advance the flowering period to December to March. Prefers loose, well-drained, humus-rich soil.

1. Refrigeration promotes cultivation: the bulbs are first refrigerated and then sown. The refrigerated bulbs begin to differentiate into flower buds at the end of the refrigeration period or after sowing, so they develop rapidly. The flowers are ready for the market as early as October or as late as December.

2. Cultivation without refrigeration: that is, after sowing, the natural low temperature is used to promote the differentiation of flower buds, and then they can start to develop and bloom after being insulated or heated. Therefore, it takes a long time to bloom after planting. Generally, Planted in the open field in September, it will not bloom until January to March of the following year.

3. Suppression cultivation: The bulbs are first refrigerated in summer, and then treated with high temperature to break dormancy. They are planted from January to February and bloom from April to June.

Precautions for cultivating alyssum

1. During the indoor cultivation of alyssum, the plants often appear to be thin and leggy. When pulling out pedicels, sticks should be used to support the peduncles to prevent peduncles. Bend, affecting the ornamental value.

Control method: In order to prevent it from growing too long and causing it to be "dwarfed", it is to treat the bulbs with "paclobutrazol" before planting, which can achieve excellent results. Before potting alyssum in autumn, soak the stored bulbs in 80ppm (80?10-6) "paclobutrazol" solution for 15 to 20 hours, take them out and wash them with clean water, then pot them and perform normal watering and other management. After treatment, the alyssum seedlings will emerge neatly, the leaves will be dark green, the width of the leaves will increase, the length will decrease, and the fragrance will be stronger after flowering. The alyssum flower branches will be soft, and the inflorescence will grow in an inflection. When the flowers are long, the flower branches will easily droop and fall. When the plant is in the 3- to 4-leaf stage, you can start to set up a scaffolding net. Set up the first layer of netting about 25cm from the ground, and then set up 2 to 3 layers of netting as the plant grows. Generally, the grid of the net uses 10cm?10cm or 10cm?15cm squares.

2. Disease: Alyssum is prone to mosaic disease, ball rot, etc.