1. There are infinite branches with good colors, but unfortunately they don’t bloom for the Double Ninth Festival. ——Qiu Jun's "Ying Chrysanthemum"

Poems value nature, and "the most important thing when chanting things is to express interest in them" (Xue Xue's "A Ladle of Poems" of the Qing Dynasty), and nature is also the most important thing to express interest in. Exquisite and natural, it is the ultimate state of poetry. Qiu Jun advocates natural writing in poetry and opposes the use of strange words and expressions. He believes that "the spoken words of the objects in front of you are the poet's wonderful words" ("Reply to a Friend on Poetry"). Therefore, most of his poems are written in a natural and fresh style, and there are many interesting and automatic sounds of nature. Most of his poems about objects are the natural outpouring of "spoken language about the objects before his eyes". He does not deliberately pursue sustenance, but only intentionally or unintentionally entrusts objects to express interest, and uses scenery to express feelings. Extraordinary.

The meaning of this poem is the same as the author's poem "Ode to Lychees". The key to correctly understanding the meaning of the whole poem lies in accurately grasping and understanding the connotation of the sentence "poor". This sentence has the same syntax and the same meaning as the sentence "Poor life is at the end of the world". "Poor" should also be interpreted as cute here. It means that before the Double Ninth Festival, the Hainan chrysanthemums bloom so beautifully and fragrantly. The cuteness of them lies in the fact that they don’t bother to bloom for people to watch because of the season. This understanding is in line with the actual situation and the poet's spirit. Hainan is like spring all year round, and flowers bloom all year round, regardless of festivals. The poet has a deep understanding of this and praised Hainan Island as a flower island with spring fragrance all year round. He said: "The island is more than three thousand miles away, and there are twenty-four flowers in the morning." 》). The chrysanthemums bloom out of season, which is a true reflection of the typical characteristics of Hanadao Chunxiang, which is like spring all year round. Through his affectionate praise of the moving scene of Hainan chrysanthemums blooming out of season, the poet enthusiastically eulogized the noble character and noble sentiments of the Hainan people who are neither fashionable nor vulgar.

The beauty of the poetry of chanting objects lies in the harmony between gods and objects, the harmony between emotions and scenery, and the perfect combination of physical and spiritual similarities between inseparability and inseparability. Qiu Jun's poem "Yong Chrysanthemum" is such a masterpiece.

2. The days are as long as the years, and you can only sleep when you are idle; the things are as big as a mountain, and you can rest even if you are drunk. ——Lu You's "Autumn Thoughts"

Translation: The desire for profit drives people to run here and there, just like ten thousand flaming bulls. It is better to be a man of rivers and lakes, wandering around the world, as free as a sand gull. A day is as long as a year, only when you have nothing to do in your free time

3. I was leaning on a swing rope late at night, and the pavilion was hazy in the mist and rain. ——Han Xie's "Deep Night"

In the middle of the night, the swing rope hung at an angle was hanging quietly, and the pavilion was vaguely visible in the mist and rain.

Notes

1. Compassion (cè): sadness. Here the author writes about his feelings about the warmth and coldness of the weather with a subjective emotional tone. Jianjian (jiǎn): refers to the sharp spring breeze that bites the skin. It is the time when the warmth returns to the cold.

2. "The plum blossoms are falling in the snow and the apricot blossoms are red": In mid-spring, the plum blossoms have withered and fallen one after another, but the peach and apricot blossoms have just bloomed. One work is "Apricot Blossoms and Peach Blossoms in the Snow".

3. Set up a swing rope diagonally: According to records such as "Ancient and Modern Art Pictures", during the Northern Cold Food Festival, there was a custom of women playing on swings. Slanted: Refers to the swing rope hanging diagonally on the wooden frame.

4. Although I am ashamed that the autumn appearance of the old garden is light, I can see the yellow flowers fragrant in the late festival. ——Han Qi's "Nine Days Water Pavilion"

The hall beside the pool has collapsed, and the ancient pavilion is in desolation. I am here to receive guests diligently and spend this wonderful Double Ninth Festival together.

Although I am ashamed that the autumn colors of the old garden are sparse, just like my old face, but please take a look at the integrity of my old age, just like the fragrance of the blooming chrysanthemums.

The newly brewed wine is already very mature, with a mellow and fragrant taste. The crabs have already grown fat and tender, and there is no need to wait for the autumn frost.

In recent years, the enthusiasm for drinking has declined, and it is difficult to force it away. Only the talent for reciting poetry is still very strong.

5. The cold red leaves fall under the pond in autumn. ——Jiang Kui's "Recalling Wangsun·Peng's Xiaolou in Fanyang"

The ancients thought that Luan and Phoenix were used to describe a couple. Here, "yin luan" is added with "material", which should refer to the pain of lovesickness. And the beauty who can't sleep at night. Reminiscent of Li Shangyin's poem "You should feel the cold moonlight when you sing at night." From one's own longing for the other person to the thought that the other person will miss him infinitely, through one layer, the feelings are deeper and the artistic conception is more profound.

"Sorrowful every night" means that there is no night that the other person does not miss and no night that he does not worry about. The poet believes that the other person misses him so sincerely, which also reflects the poet's deep affection for the other person.

6. The sound of the anvil makes the wind rush, and the crickets miss the autumn. ——Mi Fu's "Shui Tiao Ge Tou·Mid-Autumn Festival"

This poem is written on the night of the Mid-Autumn Festival. Taking advantage of the opportunity of admiring the moon during the Mid-Autumn Festival, it expresses the poet's nobility as a human being and also reveals his respect for "serving as an official". A little bit of resentment about being trapped. The writing used throughout the article echoes ethereally, and has its own infinite clear scenery and endless interest, showing Mi Fu's unique style of "writing novels with unique adventures and not following the mistakes of his predecessors".

Mi Fu wrote about admiring the moon during the Mid-Autumn Festival, but he did the opposite. He deliberately put aside the moon and wrote about his late autumn feelings first. "The sound of the anvil sends the wind rushing, and the crickets miss the high autumn." The ancients had the custom of pounding clothes on autumn nights to send people on expeditions. The sound of pounding clothes on the anvil indicates that the climate has turned cold. The chirping of crickets beside the wall also triggers people's autumn thoughts. Li He's "Autumn Comes" says: "The wind in the tung trees frightens the heart of the strong men, and the weak wefts of the lamps weep in the cold weather." Mi Fu emphasized his own intuition in these two sentences. He first heard the rapid sound of anvils and then felt the rustling autumn wind. is coming, so it feels like the sound of an anvil brings the autumn wind. Similarly, he first heard the crickets chirping sadly, and then realized that the season was already in the autumn. ?

7. Ask the yellow chrysanthemums beside the fence for whom they bloom. ——Qin Guan's "The Garden is Full of Fragrance, the Blue Water Startles the Autumn"

The cold autumn light emitted from the clear water is shocking, yellow clouds condense in the twilight, and the steps are full of scattered and broken fallen leaves. There was no sound in the room, and the moonlight slanted in, illuminating him as he wandered alone. Another Double Ninth Festival is approaching, and the sound of anvils and pestles is everywhere. Under the west window, the bamboos were fluttering in the wind when the door opened, and it was suspected that an old friend was coming.

The turmoil in the officialdom makes the emotions between people very fragile; and the right and wrong in the official career are often caused by nothing, and who can tell clearly. Ask the yellow chrysanthemum on the fence, who is it blooming for? Don't just say that sorrow is always with wine, wine can keep sorrow; in fact, before the wine wakes up, sorrow has already come back. I leaned on the railing and meditated for a long time. The moon gradually set in the west, and little white dew appeared on the green moss.

8. The east wind is colder than autumn at night. ——Wu Wenying "Huanxisha·Dream of old days separated by flowers"

My dream soul always wanders in old dreams. In the dream, I came to the courtyard of that year again, surrounded by deep flowers. The door is covered. The setting sun gradually sank to the west silently, and the returning swallows were also silent, as if carrying all kinds of sorrow. A faint fragrance floated, and her fragrant white fingers gently opened the small curtain.

The long catkins fall silently, which are the tears shed by God for the separation of life and death in this world. The moonlight was gently covered by the floating clouds, which blocked the tears because of shyness. The cool spring breeze blew on the face, and the desolate and deserted momentum was just like autumn.