Pteridium aquilinum is also called fist dish, cat's paw and leading dish (called "wolf" in some areas). Scientific name: Pteridium aquilinum var. Musculus platysma Chinese name: fern, also known as leading dish, ruyi dish, etc. It belongs to Pterisdaceae. Likes to be born in sunny plots in shallow mountainous areas, and is mostly distributed in sparse mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests. Its edible part is unexpanded young leaf buds. Pteridium aquilinum is a pollution-free green potherb, which is wild in forests, Shan Ye and pine forests. It is not only rich in vitamins needed by human body, but also has the effects of clearing intestine, invigorating stomach, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals. Blanch bracken with boiling water before eating, then soak it in cold water to remove the odor, and you can eat it. The processed bracken tastes fragrant and smooth, and with seasoning, it is cool and refreshing, which is a rare top-class dining table. It can also be fried, processed into dried vegetables, stuffed, pickled and canned.
Botanical characteristics Pteridium aquilinum is a perennial herb of Polypodiaceae. The underground rhizome is dark brown, long and horizontally extending, with a diameter of 0.6-0.8 cm, a length of 10 cm or more and a longest of 30 cm. Leaves grow from underground stems, which are three-pinnate compound leaves with a total length exceeding 100 cm and slightly triangular. The first 1 lobe is opposite, the second lobe is oblong-lanceolate, pinnately divided, the lobule is linear-oblong, the dorsal midvein is hairless or hairless, and the veinlets are pinnately branched. Leaf margin curled inward. When the petiole is tender, there are fine hairs, and after grassing, the stem is smooth and the hairs disappear. In early summer, the reproductive organs, that is, ascomycetes, are embedded in leaves, which are ochre-brown.
Pteridium aquilinum is generally one meter high, with long and horizontal roots and dark brown fluff. In early spring, the new leaves are fist-rolled and three-pronged. The stems and leaves are tender and covered with white fluff, which is the harvest time. The petiole is 30- 100 cm long, and the leaves are triangular, 60- 150 cm long and 30-60 cm wide. Pinnate division 2-3 times, and the lower pinna is opposite. Brown sporangium is continuously born on the edge of leaves, with double-layer capsule.
Every 100 g of fresh bracken contains 0.43g of protein, 0.39g of fat, 3.6g of sugar, 0.45g of organic acid and various vitamins. Can be used as vegetables, such as maltose, biscuits, lotus root starch, pharmaceutical additives, etc. Regular consumption can treat hypertension, dizziness, uterine bleeding, arthritis and other symptoms, and prevent measles and flu.
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