1. Children's nutrition, health care and safety knowledge
1. Boiled water is a drink for children.
When the boiled tap water is cooled to 25-35 degrees Celsius, the biological activity of the water increases, which is most suitable for people's physiological needs. Drinking boiled water can not only meet children's physiological needs for water, but also provide them with some minerals and trace elements.
Overeating cold drinks is harmful to children's health.
Eating too much cold drinks will cause sudden drop in the temperature in the gastrointestinal tract of children, slow down local blood circulation and other symptoms, affect the absorption and digestion of nutrients in food, and may even lead to digestive dysfunction, nutritional deficiency and frequent abdominal pain in children. In addition, many cold drink products do not meet the hygiene standards, and overeating cold drinks will increase the chances of children suffering from digestive system diseases.
3. Can drinks are harmful to children.
The content of aluminum in cans is 3-6 times higher than that in bottles. If you often drink cans, it will inevitably lead to excessive intake of aluminum. Excessive aluminum in the body will lead to mental decline and abnormal behavior of children, which is not conducive to the development of children's bones and teeth.
4. Drinking purified water for a long time is not good for children's health.
Distilled water, purified water, space water, etc., when removing industrial pollutants from water, also remove a large part of minerals and trace elements from water. Long-term drinking will inevitably lead to insufficient intake of some minerals or trace elements in the human body, which will have adverse effects on the body, especially on children who are growing and developing.
5. Colored soda is not good for children's health.
The main components of colored soft drinks (including some colored ice roots) are synthetic sweeteners, synthetic essences, synthetic pigments and carbonated water, which are made by adding carbon dioxide gas. There is almost no nutrition except a certain amount of calories. However, when excessive pigments and essences enter children's bodies, they are easy to deposit on their immature digestive tract mucosa, causing loss of appetite and indigestion, interfering with the functions of various enzymes in the body, and adversely affecting metabolism and physical development.
6. Puffed food is harmful to children.
Puffed food (fried potato chips, snow cakes, potato chips, shrimp strips, shrimp slices, chicken flavor rings, chicken strips, corn cob .....) belongs to foods with high fat, high calorie and low crude fiber. Children often eat puffed food, which will affect the normal diet, lead to a variety of nutrients can not be guaranteed and supplied, prone to malnutrition. Puffed food is generally high in salt and monosodium glutamate, which will make children vulnerable to hypertension and cardiovascular disease in adulthood.
7. It is not good to eat nutritional supplements often.
Parents believe that giving children supplements will promote their growth and development, and they hope to improve their intelligence through them. Therefore, they will buy various nutritional tonics, such as those containing ginseng, velvet antler, donkey-hide gelatin, cordyceps sinensis and pollen. As everyone knows, these supplements may be beneficial to adults, but they often cause many adverse consequences to children, such as loss of appetite and precocious puberty.
8. Eating jelly often is not good for children's health.
Most jellies are not made of fruits, but are made of sodium alginate, agar, gelatin and other thickeners, with a small amount of synthetic flavors, artificial colorants, sweeteners, acidulants and so on. Although sodium alginate and agar are dietary fibers, excessive absorption will affect the absorption of fat and protein, especially inorganic salts such as iron and zinc will combine into insoluble mixtures, thus affecting the absorption and utilization of these trace elements by the body.
9. Coke and coffee are not suitable for children.
Caffeine is actually a stimulant, which can stimulate heart muscle contraction and accelerate heartbeat and breathing. If children drink too much caffeine, they will have headaches, dizziness, irritability, accelerated heart rhythm, shortness of breath and other symptoms. In severe cases, they will also cause muscle tremors and hand tremors when writing.
Caffeine is irritating, which can stimulate gastric peristalsis and gastric acid secretion, causing intestinal spasm. Children who often drink coffee are prone to unexplained abdominal pain and chronic gastritis.
Caffeine can also destroy vitamin B 1 in children, causing vitamin B 1 deficiency (anorexia, lethargy, multiple peripheral neuritis, sudden heart failure, etc.).
2. Children's supplementary nutrition tips
First, children's nutrition mainly comes from three meals a day, which is the main channel for children's nutrition. Children who are younger or eat less can appropriately increase1~ 2 snacks.
Two, children's diet should be nutritious, easy to digest, and clean. Cooking is suitable for children's tastes, and the color, fragrance, taste and shape are as good as possible. You can buy multifunctional pots and pans painted with patterns or shapes that children like, and change the traditional single form of eating with only bowls and chopsticks.
Third, don't scold the children at the dinner table. Parents can explain some simple nutrition knowledge before meals to let their children know the benefits of food to human health, and take the lead in tasting various dishes at the dinner table and praise them to stimulate their appetite and encourage them to gradually expand the variety of food intake. Turn off the TV when eating. Children are not allowed to walk around and eat, but relaxed music can be played to create a happy and single-minded eating atmosphere.
Fourth, children's recipes should be wide and varied, and food diversification is the premise to ensure children to obtain various nutrients. There are more than 40 kinds of nutrients needed by human body, which can be summarized as protein, fat, carbohydrates, vitamins, mineral (including trace elements) water and dietary fiber. Only by eating a variety of foods can children get comprehensive nutrition. Children should keep the variety of food intake at15 ~ 20 every day, and the recipes should be updated frequently.
Five, children's food can be roughly divided into six groups:
1. Grain group, including cereals, dried beans other than soybeans such as red beans, mung beans and kidney beans, and potatoes;
2. Vegetable group, which can be divided into green, dark green and yellow vegetables;
3. Fruit group;
4. Animal food group, including livestock meat, poultry, fish, shrimp, eggs and animal offal;
5. Dairy products, soy milk and soybean products; 6. Grease and sugar group. It should be noted that the food in one group cannot replace the food in another group. No food in one group is more important in health than that in another group. We need food in each group. The first five groups are called protective foods, which provide various nutrients needed by the human body. Parents should choose one or several foods from each group to form a daily diet, and the sixth group is called high-energy foods. Excessive consumption will cause nutritional problems such as excess energy, and the dosage should be controlled appropriately.
Six, children's diet in addition to food diversification, but also to maintain a balanced supply of nutrients, that is, to maintain a balanced food. Generally speaking, teenagers aged 2 to 13 should advocate 1 ~ 2 bottles of milk (220 ~ 440ml), an egg (about 50g 1 2) and100 ~ 200g of meat, fish or poultry, etc. Sugar and oil are appropriate, and children's dishes should be light and not salty.
Seven, to develop children's happy to drink milk, eat fruit, eat more soy products and vegetables every day. Good eating habits need parents' continuous cultivation and training, which can be combined with certain reward and punishment measures to facilitate the formation of good habits.
Eight, it is advisable to give children 1 liver, 1 seaweed dishes every week to provide children with more iron, iodine and vitamin A.
Nine, don't develop the habit of children eating snacks, and actively correct the existing ones. Parents should not turn a blind eye to children who have bad eating habits such as picky eaters, partial eclipse, drinking carbonated drinks or cold drinks, sweet food and fried heavy oil food, but should take the initiative to learn some children's nutrition knowledge and try to correct their bad eating habits from the perspective of caring for children's health. Otherwise, it will lead to the danger of nutritional deficiency or obesity, and even have a negative impact on children's life.
Ten, where anorexia, malnutrition or obesity children, their parents should consult medical institutions, under the guidance of relevant specialists, take active measures. Don't blindly believe in the advertising of some "health products" and make supplements or lose weight casually to avoid adverse consequences.
3. Children's nutrition and health care knowledge in spring
1. Ensure sufficient supply of calcium.
Spring is a good season for children to grow up, and the height of children is mainly the result of bone development. The main component of bone is calcium, so children should be provided with sufficient calcium in spring. The amount of calcium needed by children every day is 700-800 mg, and the appropriate supply is not less than 1000 mg per day. There are generally two ways to supplement calcium: one is medicine supplement, and the other is food supplement. The food supplement method is adopted. Foods rich in calcium include sesame, day lily, radish, carrot, kelp, mustard, snail, shrimp skin, etc. Then there is sparerib soup or bone soup, which is not only rich in calcium, but also helps the body to absorb calcium. Children should not be allowed to eat more sugar, chocolate and cakes, because it contains more phosphate, which can hinder calcium metabolism in the body.
2. Take more vitamin C.
The function of vitamin C in human body is to improve the sensitivity of brain nerve, make the brain respond flexibly to stimulation, and also improve immunity and disease resistance, which is very important for children's brain and body. It is windy in spring and the climate is dry, which is easy to cause hemorrhage. Vitamin C has a good effect on preventing bleeding and must be supplied in time. There are two ways to supplement vitamin C: one is to take vitamin C tablets, and the other is to eat more vegetables and fruits containing vitamin C as much as possible.
3. Coarse grains and miscellaneous grains are good.
Coarse grains and miscellaneous grains can first supply minerals to the human body and ensure the supply of trace elements, such as iron, zinc, manganese, copper, calcium, phosphorus, etc., followed by cellulose and various vitamins, and then organic compounds with special structures, such as aromatic substances and amino acids, etc. Moreover, the diversification of food is also very helpful to promote appetite, arouse children's appetite and enhance children's digestion and absorption ability. Commonly edible coarse grains and miscellaneous grains include corn and millet.
4. Eat more foods containing natural sugar.
In spring, due to the warmer climate and shorter days and nights, children's metabolic function is vigorous, outdoor activities are also greatly prolonged, and the consumption of calories and nutrients will be relatively increased, which makes children often feel hungry. Therefore, children can be supplemented with calories and nutrients by adding meals in spring. The suitable time for adding meals is10-1hour in the morning and 3-afternoon.
5. Eat foods rich in vegetable fat often.
Fat can not only moisten the whole body, make people look smooth, but also be converted into heat during metabolism, which can be used for children's activities. It can also be converted into brain structural substances through metabolism and expand brain capacity. Because 50-80% of the human brain is fat, and it is mainly unsaturated fat composed of plant fat, it is very necessary to provide enough plant fat for children. Ways to provide plant fat: First, add more vegetable oil to vegetables, but Second, eat some snacks rich in plant fat, such as peanuts, walnuts, pine nuts and sunflower seeds.
4. Children's oral health knowledge
1, Help children develop good brushing habits.
Especially in the age group of 2-6 years old, in addition to choosing toothpaste for children of appropriate age, we should also pay attention to gargling with warm water after meals and brushing our teeth once in the morning and evening. Teeth in this age group are in the free growth period, so the frequency of brushing teeth should not be too much. Too many times will damage teeth, and the intensity of brushing teeth should not be too heavy. As for the brushing time, the three-minute brushing activity initiated by Israel's C-tooth children's toothpaste has attracted widespread attention. Most brushing practices show that people usually brush their teeth 1 minute, with an average of 1. 38 minutes, in fact, the brushing time should be maintained at about 3 minutes, so that the bacteria in the mouth and teeth can be fully removed.
2. Establish a correct brushing method.
Brush along the teeth and vertically, and then brush the outside after brushing the inside. Do not brush back and forth horizontally, otherwise it will damage the gums.
3. Pay attention to dental hygiene at ordinary times
Eat less candy at ordinary times. Especially don't eat sugar before going to bed, the key to prevent dental caries. In addition, pay attention to the baby's hygiene habits, do not bite fingers, do not bite foreign objects such as pencils, and do not lick your teeth with your tongue.
4. Encourage children to eat more fiber food.
Children should pay attention to a balanced diet, not picky eaters, and eat more foods with high fiber content and rich nutrition such as vegetables and fresh fruits. In this way, it is not only beneficial to the self-cleaning function of teeth, but also beneficial to the growth and development of oral and maxillofacial regions, promoting the orderly arrangement of teeth and enhancing the chewing function.
5. Don't eat after brushing your teeth before going to bed
When sleeping, people's oral saliva secretion is the least, and the self-cleaning effect of the oral cavity is poor. If you eat food before going to bed after brushing your teeth, it is meaningless to brush your teeth. In addition, children should develop the habit of eating regularly, and eat snacks as little as possible except for three meals a day.